1. Janet Mendell Goldstein

2. understanding of the title Expressions of quick fix society Structure & theme of the text General analysis

3. What Is “Quick Fix Society”? What is the meaning of “fix”? How do you understand “quick fix”? How is “quick fix society” reflected? In what aspects?

4. Part 1 (Paras. 1— ): Part 2 (Paras. ): Part 3 (Paras. ): I. Text Analysis Structure 3 4—6 7—8 Her ride on fast roads and her return trip of a country road Now instead of later Faster instead of slower Superficially instead of thoroughly Slow down and rediscover life

5. I. Text Analysis “Fix” means solution. “Quick fix” in this essay means having quick solution. “quick fix” refers to the lifestyle of modern people who are impatient to get everything done and want to find the quick solution to everything. What is the meaning of “fix”? How do you understand “quick fix”?

6. How is “quick fix society” reflected? In what aspects? transportation eating habits and consumption habits entertainment reading habits, learning habits working style

7. I. Text Analysis Let’s slow down and enjoy what nature offers us and what mankind has left us and rediscover life. Theme The theme is summed up at the very end.

8. II. Writing Devices Three writing devices used in the text Part 1 & Part 2 (Para4, 6): Para 3,5, 6, 7: Para 4 & Para 5: Contrast Rhetorical questions Repetition

9. II. Writing Devices Contrast A contrast paragraph or essay discusses the differences between (at least) two things. This essay mainly discusses the differences between the lifestyle of modern American people and that of American people in the past. In the first two paragraphs, the writer contrasts her featureless ride driving on fast roads and the pleasure of the return trip of a different route. Examples

10. II. Writing Devices Contrast Find out the words that show the contrast in the first two paragraphs. Fast lane trip The herd of cows is reduced to a few dots… Return trip … the herds of cows—no longer little dots this time—lying in it. Pastoral scenery slid by us at 55mph. We drove slowly through main streets…, slowing to twenty miles an hour… … getting there wasn’t any fun at all. … getting there had been the fun. More examples

11. II. Writing Devices Contrast Find out the words that show the contrast in Para. 4. Once upon a time put a little of each paycheck away “for a rainy day” Now take out loans relax now, pay later Deferred satisfaction We aren’t so patient. If we wanted to become thinner, we simply ate less. try the latest miracle diet Contrast in Para. 4

12. II. Writing Devices Contrast Find out the words that show the contrast in Para. 6. In the past listened to every note of Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony Now enjoy 26 seconds of that famous theme linger over every word of a classic novel read the condensed version listen to the tape devote large parts of our days to our loved ones replace them with “quality time” Contrast in Para. 6

13. II. Writing Devices Rhetorical Questions Why is it that the featureless turnpikes and interstates are the routes of choice for so many of us? Why doesn't everybody try slowing down and exploring the countryside? (Para. 3) A rhetorical question implies that the answer is obvious—the kind of question that does not need actually to be answered. It is used for rhetorically persuading someone of a truth without argument, or to give emphasis to a supposed truth by stating its opposite. More examples

14. II. Writing Devices Rhetorical Questions More examples How dare anyone keep America waiting longer than overnight? (Para. 5) Why waste 45 minutes listening to the whole thing when someone else has saved us the trouble of picking out the best parts? (Para. 6) Why are we in such a hurry to save time? (Para. 7)

15. II. Writing Devices Rhetorical Questions If winter comes, can spring be far behind? —Percy Bysshe Shelley, Ode to the West Wind Didn’t I tell you he would forget? What difference does it make?

16. Writing Devices Repetition is a major rhetorical strategy for producing emphasis, clarity, amplification, or emotional effect. Repetition More examples

17. Writing Devices Repetition If we wanted a new sofa or a week at a lakeside cabin, we saved up for it, … If we lived in the right part of the country, we planted corn… If we wanted to be thinner, we simply ate less of our favorite foods and waited patiently for the scale to drop, a pound at a time. (Para. 4) repetition of sentence structure

18. Writing Devices Then we take our fast money to a fast convenience store, … And if our fast meal doesn't agree with us, we hurry to the medicine cabinet for—you guessed it—some fast relief. (Para. 5) Repetition repetition of words

19. Why did the writer take the turnpikes and interstates? Did they have any fun on the way? Why did the writer take another way back? How did she feel this time?

20. Fast Roads in the U.S. Highway: a broad main road joining one town to another Superhighway: a road with six or more lanes Interstate highway: roads connecting cities in different states Freeway: a very wide road within a city for fast travel Expressways: a fast road in or near cities Turnpike: a large road for fast traffic, esp one that drivers have to pay to use

21. Sentence Paraphrase 1 For four hours, our only real amusement consisted of counting exit signs and wondering what it would feel like to hold still again. (Para. 1) The 4-hour drive on fast roads was tedious; the only fun we had was to count the exit signs we were passing and to figure out how we’d feel if we stopped again.

22. Sentence Paraphrase 2 Getting there certainly didn’t seem like half the fun; in fact, getting there wasn’t any fun at all. (Para. 1) We had expected that our ride to West Virginia would be fun. But we were wrong. It wasn’t fun at all. gerund as subject More examples

23. Sentence Paraphrase 1.It’s so nice sitting here with you. 2. Traveling abroad can be very exciting.

24. Sentence Paraphrase 3 We toured a Civil War battlefield and stood on the little hill that fifteen thousand Confederate soldiers had tried to take on another hot July afternoon, one hundred and twenty-five years ago, not knowing that half of them would get killed in the vain attempt. (Para. 2) We visited a Civil War battlefield and stood on the little hill. One hundred and twenty-five years ago, on a hot July afternoon, 15,000 soldiers fighting for slavery, while trying to occupy the hill, had no idea that they would fail and that half of them would be killed in the battle. present participle as adverbial attributive clause modifying “hill”

25. Word Study 2. antique Examples: It is an antique rosewood desk. The palace is full of priceless antiques. adj. being old and therefore valuable n. an old object such as a piece of furniture or jewellery that is valuable because it is rare, beautiful, or well made An antique US mailbox Furniture antiques from the Chinese Liao dynastyLiao dynasty

26. Pennsylvania Dutch Town Antique shopping (Para. 2) Pennsylvania Dutch town is called “Sunday Antiques Capital of the United States”. Over 3,000 antique dealers gather here to display and sell their merchandise.

27. Pennsylvania Dutch Town Here, you’ll find over 240 factory outlet stores featuring name brands and quality merchandise prices at reduced prices. Outlet shopping (Para. 2)

28. Word Study 8. outlet n. a. a shop or a place where a particular product is sold b. a way of expressing strong feelings that you would normally not express Examples: Most of their sales are through traditional retail outlets. He plays basketball as an outlet for stress.

29. 13. stuff with Phrases and Expressions a. to fill sb. with food until one is not hungry b. to fill a container or space with sth., especially sth. soft Examples: They stuff the children with food. The bed was stuffed with cotton so it was very soft.

30. Sentence Paraphrase 4 We stuffed ourselves with spicy salads and homemade bread in an “all-you-can-eat” farmhouse restaurant, then wandered outside to enjoy the sunshine and the herds of cows— no little dots this time—lying in it. (Para. 2) to fill with sth. to eat as much as you can We had a meal in a farmhouse restaurant where for a certain amount of money you could eat as much as you wanted, and we fed ourselves with lots of spicy salads and homemade bread. After the meal, we walked leisurely outdoors to enjoy the sunshine and watch the herds of cows—this time they did not seem like little dots—lying in the sunshine.

31. Word Study 9. refresh refresh one’s memory to make someone remember something refresh someone’s drink to add more of an alcoholic drink to someone’s glass Examples: A shower will refresh you. I looked at the map to refresh my memory of the route. Can I refresh your drink? adj. refreshed adj. refreshing n. refreshment Word formation v. to make someone feel less tired or less hot

32. Examples: The breeze was refreshing the stuffy classroom It made a refreshing change to talk to someone new. Refreshments: small amount of food and drink provided at a meeting, sports event etc. 茶点，点心和饮料

33. Word Study 10. revitalize v. to put new strength or power into sth. Example: They hope to revitalize the neighborhood by providing better housing. Adj. vital v. Vitalize n. vitality n. vitalization Word formation Word-formation: Vital: full of energy in a way that is exciting and attractive (a strong and vital man) Vitalize: revitalize

34. Sentence Paraphrase 5 And we returned home refreshed, revitalized, and reeducated. (Para. 2) When we got home, we not only felt fresh and energetic, but also felt that we had experienced a new way of life. past participles used as subject complement More examples

35. Sentence Paraphrase 6 In fact, most Americans are constantly in a hurry—and not just to get from Point A to Point B. Our country has become a nation in search of the quick fix—in more ways than one. (Para. 3) quick solution In fact, most Americans are always in a rush. People are not only trying to find the fast way to get around from place to place, but also looking for ways of getting things done quickly in various aspects of life. to try to find

36. What is the attitude of modern people towards their life?

37. Sentence Paraphrase 7 Once upon a time, Americans understood the principle of deferred gratification. We put a little of each paycheck away “for a rainy day”. (Para. 4) for a future time when money may be needed In the past, Americans were patient to have their desires satisfied. We saved a little money each time we got paid in case we might need it in the future. satisfaction

38. Word Study Examples: Let’s defer the decision for a few weeks. I will defer to Mr. Walter on this point. 5. defer Cf. postpone delay v. to delay something until a later date (formal) to agree to accept someone’s opinion or decision because you have respect for that person defer to sb./sth.

39. 9. put away Phrases and Expressions Chinese 存钱；收拾；抛 弃；吃掉 Examples: My grandfather had put away over $100,000. Put away all your books on the desk. The guest might come any time. Please put all negative thoughts away. The boy put away the dinner in just a few minutes.

40. Sentence Paraphrase 8 If we wanted a new sofa or a week at a lakeside cabin, we saved up for it, and the banks helped us out by providing special Christmas Club and Vacation Club accounts. (Para. 4) If we wanted to buy some new furniture or spend a week at a lakeside, we could open special accounts at the banks to save money for it. a savings account, as in a bank, requiring periodic deposits to ensure money for shopping at Christmas 圣诞储蓄 度假储蓄

41. 5. help out 救助，协助（渡 过难关） Phrases and Expressions Chinese to help somebody in a difficult situation Examples: Who is helping out in the garden this afternoon? I’ve often helped Bob out when he has been a bit short of money.

42. Word Study large scale evolutionary scale the bathroom scales the scale on a thermometer Richter scale a scale of 1 ∶ 250 scales of fish 11. scale 大规模 进化等级 浴室磅秤 温度计上的刻度 里氏震级 1 ∶ 250 的比例尺 鱼鳞 Translation

43. 8. off the rack Phrases and Expressions off-the-rack (AmE)/ off-the-peg (BrE) ready made It was only a cheap suit, bought off the rack/off the peg. Rack: a frame or shelf, usu. With bars or hooks, for holding things on (plate rack, luggage rack, roof-rack, wine rack)

44. Word Study 7. guarantee v. a. to promise sth. will happen b. to make sth. certain n. a. an agreement that if sth. you buy does not work, it will be repaired or replaced( 保修 / 包换单 ) b. a formal and firm promise that sth. will be done or will happen Examples Be guaranteed to do sth: to be certain to behave, work, or happen in a particular way If you yell at him, he’s guaranteed to do the opposite of what you want.

45. Word Study Examples: The government guaranteed to free the captives. The rain guarantees a good crop this year. The new television had a guarantee with it. Is there a guarantee of work after training? Collocation in the text Be guaranteed to do sth: to be certain to behave, work, or happen in a particular way If you yell at him, he’s guaranteed to do the opposite of what you want.

46. Sentence Paraphrase 9 And if we are in a hurry to lose weight, we try the latest miracle diet, guaranteed to take away ten pounds in ten days… unless we’re rich enough to afford liposuction. (Para. 4) If we want to lose weight quickly, we try the most recent miracle diet which is said to be effective and is sure to make us lose pounds in ten days. If we are rich enough to pay for the operation, we can have our unneeded fat removed from our bodies. past participle used as attributive modifying “miracle diet” More examples

47. Sentence Paraphrase 1.The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the Chinese delegation. 2.Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train.

48. Examples: Stop taking the medicine if it doesn’t agree with you. I find that country life really agrees with me. 1. agree with sb. Phrases and Expressions If something agrees with you, it doesn’t make you feel ill.

49. Sentence Paraphrase 10 We like our information fast, too: messages flashed on a computer screen, documents faxed from your telephone to mine, current events in 90-second bursts on Eyewitness News, history reduced to “Bicentennial Minutes”. (Para. 5) For information, we also want to get it fast by skimming through what is offered on the web. Documents are faxed to one person from another. We are informed of what is happening at home and abroad through TV programs through which we get very brief accounts of current events. We learn the history of the past 200 years quickly from “Bicentennial Minutes”.

50. the name of a series of short educational American television segment s commemorating the bicentennial of the American Revolution. The segments were produced by the CBS Television Network and broadcast nightly from July 4, 1974, until December 31, 1976AmericantelevisionbicentennialAmerican RevolutionCBS

51. centennial (AmE)/ centenary (BrE): adj. 一百周年纪念的 n. 一百周年纪念 centenary bicentenary tercentenary quatercentenary quincentenary 一百周年纪念 二百周年纪念 三百周年纪念 四百周年纪念 五百周年纪念 bicentennial (para. 5) prefix root Word Building

52. Cliff’s Notes Cliff’s notes are a series of reference books written to help undergraduate students to understand and appreciate important literary works. With such notes, students don’t have to read the work itself and be able to write papers and take exams.

53. Beethoven Lugwig Van Beethoven is one of the greatest composers in the world. His famous symphonies include: No. 5 (Fate) No. 6 (Pastoral) No. 9 (Choral)

54. 11. save sb. the trouble of doing sth. Phrases and Expressions to make somebody able to avoid extra effort or work Example: Fast-food restaurants are popular because they save people the trouble of cooking.

55. 12. save up Phrases and Expressions to keep or store something so that you can use it in the future Examples: They are saving up for a new car. She spent all the money I have saved up for our trip.

56. pre-: a. before someone or sth. b. in preparation precedent preface premature precaution preconception precondition preview 先例，前例 前言 早熟的 预防措施 预想 前提，先决条件 （电影等）预演，预映 pre-digest (para. 6) prefix root Word Building

57. Sentence Paraphrase 11 Even our personal relationships have become compressed. Instead of devoting large parts of our days to our loved ones, we replace them with something called “quality time”, which, more often than not, is no time at all. (Para. 6) Even our personal relationships are affected. Instead of spending much of our time with our loved ones, we now talk about giving them full attention in the limited time after work. But usually we have no time to do that at all. the time you spend with somebody when you can give them full attention

58. Word Study 3. compress v. a. to press or squeeze something so that it fits into a smaller space 压紧，压缩 b. to write something in fewer words 使（语言）变简练 c. to make a process last for a shorter time than usual 压缩（做事情的）时间 Examples: The machine compresses old cars into blocks of scrap metal. Try to compress your notes so that they are easier to learn. You’d better compress two months’ work into one. Cf. condense contract

59. Word Study 4. condense v. a. to cause (a gas or vapor) to change to a liquid 使凝结，使冷凝 b. to remove water from (milk, for example) 使（液体）浓 缩 c. to make a piece of writing shorter by not giving details or using fewer expressions to give the same information 使（ 讲话或文章）压缩 Examples: Steam condensed on the bathroom mirror. condensed milk ( 炼乳 ) condensed story ( 缩写本 ) Cf. compress contract

60. compress, condense, contract Word Study Fill in the blanks with the right word. contracts compress condensed The pupil of the eye dilates and _________ in response to light. She sat on the lid of the suitcase to ________ the clothes. The chairman __________ all the suggestions put forward into a single plan of action. Contract ： to become smaller or narrower

61. Sentence Paraphrase 12 As we rush from book to music to news item to relationship, we do not realize that we are living our lives by the iceberg principle—paying attention only to the top and ignoring the 8/9 that lies just below the surface. (Para. 6) When we rush through books, music, news and relationship, we are paying attention to the surface and will never get into the heart of anything. Icebergs float with only about 10% of their bulk above the surface of the water, therefore the much larger part is out of sight.

62. Why did the author write this article? Was she suggesting we stop using all time-saving techniques and products?

63. 把 ······ 做完了事 Phrases and Expressions 4. get sth. over with Chinese to do and finish something difficult that you have to do Examples: I’ll speak first if you like—I’d rather get it over with quickly. He looked upon the marriage ceremony as a mere formality—something to be got over with as quickly as possible.

64. Sentence Paraphrase 13 When did it all begin, this urge to do it now, to get it over with, to skim the surface of life? (Para. 7) When did this quick-fix lifestyle/attitude toward life begin? to deal with something superficially, not going deeper

65. Word Study 1. advocate v. to publicly support an idea or a plan n. someone who strongly and publicly supports someone or something Examples: He advocates building more schools. There is no point advocating high salaries for teachers unless we can do it. He is a tireless advocate of political reform.

66. Sentence Paraphrase 14 But I am saying that all of us need to think more seriously about putting the brakes on our “we- want-it-all-and-we-want-it-nor” lifestyle before we speed completely out of control. (Para. 8) But what I do want to say is this: before we go too far, all of us need to think seriously about changing our lifestyle of seeking a quick fix in our lives. to slow down or stop doing something

67. 10. put brakes on Phrases and Expressions Chinese 使停顿 put a brake on/ put the brakes on sth. to stop sth. that is happening Examples: The high level of debt continued to put a brake on economic recovery. The town government put the brakes on all these projects by giving them less money.

68. Pennsylvania Dutch Town Location The heart of the Pennsylvania Dutch Country is Lancaster County. It is located in south central Pennsylvania, one and half hours west of Philadelphia. Most of the Amish Country attractions are in Lancaster County, and almost all of the local Amish people live here as well.

69. Pennsylvania Dutch Town People Amish The Amish are a religious group who live in settlements in 22 states of the U.S. and Ontario, Canada. The oldest group of Old Order Amish, about 16,000—18,000 people live in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. The Amish stress humility, family and community, and separation from the world.

70. Pennsylvania Dutch Town Amish’s beliefs The Amish was part of the early Anabaptist movement in Europe, which took place at the time of the Reformation. The Anabaptists believed that only adults who had confessed their faith should be baptized, and that they should remain separate from the larger society. They also believe in non-resistance and basic Bible doctrines.

71. Pennsylvania Dutch Town Amish’s lifestyle These people as a whole are not as materialistic as modern society today. They do not use electricity or modern conveniences. Amish men have beards, but not mustaches. Most Amish are trilingual: dialect of German, High German and English.

72. Pennsylvania Dutch Town Amish’s lifestyle Old Order children attend one-room schools through the eighth grade. They are a private people who believe God has kept them together. They are a strong example of a community that supports and cares for its members. They are a people apart; they are also a people together.