1. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 1 Clauses Clauses

2. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 2 Clause defined: A clause is an essential part of a sentence and must contain a subject and a verb. Clauses are the building blocks of sentences.

3. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 3 What do you need to make a sentence? 1. Subject 2. Verb 3. Needs to make sense

4. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 4 Two types of clauses Independent clause, IC Dependent clause, DC

5. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 5 IC defined: A group of words that expresses a complete thought, a sentence. Walk! Fluffy runs. The sun shines.

6. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 6 DC defined: A word group that does not express a complete thought. A DC must be attached to an IC to make it a complete sentence. A DC must have a subordinate conjunction. Example: Because the ultimate van has not yet been created, the Japanese are in the process of working on a new van.

7. Copy and paste the practice sentences from the GoogleDoc. Use yellow for independent clause and purple for dependent clause. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 7

8. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 8 Before we start, see if you can identify these clauses ① It was a bright morning. ② As he was walking down the corridor. ③ You will sing a long song ④ Unless you decide not to come. ⑤ Because he was not normal that day. ⑥ The cave was full of bats ⑦ Since it is the first of the month. (You can view the answers on the next slide.)

9. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 9 Yellow-- Independent clauses Purple-- dependent clauses ① It was a bright morning. ② As he was walking down the corridor. ③ You will sing a long song. ④ Unless you decide not to come. ⑤ Because he was not normal that day. ⑥ The cave was full of bats. ⑦ Since it is the first of the month.

10. So what? Using different conjunctions changes the emphasis on the different parts of the sentence. Ex. I watched the snowflakes Is that a complete sentence? What is the subject and what is the predicate? Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 10

11. Ex. it snowed Is that a complete sentence? What is the subject and what is the predicate? Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 11

12. Now I want to link the two ideas. I watched the snowflakes it snowed If I use a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS), which idea is more important? ANSWER: Neither, they are equal. They are both independent clauses. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 12

13. Can I join you? It snowed, and I watched the snowflakes. Because I am linking two complete sentences, I need a comma so that it is not a run on. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 13

14. Other coordinating What other FANBOYS would work? It snowed, I watched the snowflakes. -but and yet show contrast -nor and or show choice -for shows cause and effect Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 14

15. Correlative – Would it work here? It snowed I watched the snowflakes. both... and either... or neither... nor not... but not only... but also Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 15

16. Now – subordinate To show that one idea is “less” or “under” another, you use a subordinate conjunction. When you do this *POOF,* one of the clauses becomes dependent while the other remains independent. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 16

17. Let’s try… As it snowed, I watched the snowflakes. Now, I watched the snowflakes becomes the main idea of the sentence and the it snowed is a lesser idea because of the subordinate conjunction. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 17

18. As it snowed I watched the snowflakes We still have two complete clauses, so what do we need to avoid a run on???? 18

19. As it snowed, I watched the snowflakes. DCIC Note – no comma when the dependent clause comes at the end of the sentence I watched the snowflakes as it snowed. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 19

20. Are you a leader or a follower? I jumped off the cliff, and everyone else was doing it. I jumped off the cliff because everyone else was doing it. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 20

21. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 21 Identify clauses ① He arrived just as the clock struck seven. ② I will write when I know of our whereabouts. ③ As he entered the room, everyone cheered. ④ They laughed as they saw the movie. ⑤ Since you left, we have had beautiful weather. ⑥ You should observe because it is important. ⑦ If you come home, you can see the present. ⑧ Whither thou goest, I will go. ⑨ If wishes were horses, we would all take a ride. ⑩ From where I stood, I could see all. 11 I shall attend school until I am at least eighteen years old

22. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 22 Independent -- dependent ① He arrived just as the clock struck seven. ② I will write when I know of our whereabouts. ③ As he entered the room, everyone cheered. ④ They laughed as they saw the movie. ⑤ Since you left, we have had beautiful weather. ⑥ You should observe because it is important. ⑦ If you come home, you can see the present. ⑧ Whither thou goest, I will go. ⑨ If wishes were horses, we would all take a ride. ⑩ From where I stood, I could see all. 11 I shall attend school until I am at least eighteen years old. 12

23. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 23 Identify clauses: ① Before another day passes, you should call Fred. ② By the time I arrived at the store, I had forgotten my errand. ③ While listening to the radio, she did her weekly mending. ④ Think twice before you answer. ⑤ As we drove through the country, we could see the results of the flood. ⑥ The lady who was at the door admitted us when she checked our identification. ⑦ They listened for the sound since it was the key to the puzzle. ⑧ Always look before you leap. ⑨ The green house was ready when we arrived with the roses.

24. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 24 Independent -- dependent ① Before another day passes, you should call Fred. ② By the time I arrived at the store, I had forgotten my errand. ③ While listening to the radio, she did her weekly mending. ④ Think twice before you answer. ⑤ As we drove through the country, we could see the results of the flood. ⑥ The lady who was at the door admitted us when she checked our identification. ⑦ They listened for the sound since it was the key to the puzzle. ⑧ Always look before you leap. ⑨ The green house was ready when we arrived with the roses.

25. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 25 Assignment:Identify independent and dependent clause When I see the sky, I feel like flying. In the army I learned many tricks since we had so much free time. There is only one slice of pizza left because Alfredo ate the rest. As I was walking, I saw a black snake. Don ’ t wash the clothing before I get home. After the winter storm, we all felt like seeing the sun. Although she is very tall, she is still extremely graceful. Even though we work all day, we still have a good time at night. You should study hard because you never know how difficult the test will be. While I was watching television, the cat jumped through the open window.

26. Created by Jose J. Gonzalez, Jr. STCC 26 One last note: Many people think that only math is progressive in learning. In other words, if you don ’ t know how to multiply how can you divide? We all know this is true, but the study of English is also progressive. Because if you can ’ t identify a clause, how can you tell a sentence from a fragment? It is all related and you must master each step, or you will be left confused or lost later.