1. Guided Reading Where is Italy located in Europe and what is it considered to be in geographic terms Where is Italy located in Europe and what is it considered to be in geographic terms Why was Rome built on top of a hill Why was Rome built on top of a hill What river was Rome built near What river was Rome built near How did the climate positively affect the growth of Rome How did the climate positively affect the growth of Rome Who was Aeneas and where did he come from Who was Aeneas and where did he come from

2. Guided Reading According to legend how did Rome get its name According to legend how did Rome get its name Rome’s last three kings were not Roman. They were what group of people Rome’s last three kings were not Roman. They were what group of people What were some contributions to the Roman by the Etruscans kings What were some contributions to the Roman by the Etruscans kings What type of government did the Romans create in 509BC What type of government did the Romans create in 509BC What happens in a republic government What happens in a republic government

3. Guided Reading Why were elected officials only allowed to hold office for one year Why were elected officials only allowed to hold office for one year What group with in Rome held all the power and why What group with in Rome held all the power and why What was the purpose of choosing a dictator to lead the city What was the purpose of choosing a dictator to lead the city Why was Cincinnatus seen as such a good leader by the people Why was Cincinnatus seen as such a good leader by the people

4. Guided Reading What was the issue between the plebeians and patricians What was the issue between the plebeians and patricians What did the plebeians do to fight back What did the plebeians do to fight back What is a tripartite government What is a tripartite government What were the three parts of the tripartite government What were the three parts of the tripartite government Why did the government have two consuls and not one Why did the government have two consuls and not one

5. Guided Reading What was the primary job of the Roman Senate What was the primary job of the Roman Senate How did the senators time in officer differ from magistrates How did the senators time in officer differ from magistrates What group became so powerful they overshadowed the magistrates and took control of Rome’s finances What group became so powerful they overshadowed the magistrates and took control of Rome’s finances What was the primary job of the assemblies and tribunes What was the primary job of the assemblies and tribunes

6. Bell Ringer How How were magistrates and Romans who took part in assemblies similar Why did most Romans participate in government Why did most Romans participate in government What was the purpose of Rome incorporating checks and balances into their government What was the purpose of Rome incorporating checks and balances into their government What was the issue with Rome’s first laws not being written down What was the issue with Rome’s first laws not being written down What was known as Rome’s center of life and public meeting place What was known as Rome’s center of life and public meeting place

7. Guided Reading How are the Law of the Twelve Tables similar and different from our laws today How are the Law of the Twelve Tables similar and different from our laws today Why did the Romans display the Law of the Twelve Tables in a public place Why did the Romans display the Law of the Twelve Tables in a public place What made the Forum so important What made the Forum so important Who were the Gauls Who were the Gauls How did the Romans get the Gauls to leave their city How did the Romans get the Gauls to leave their city

8. Guided Reading What was the significance of Roman soldiers being organized into legions What was the significance of Roman soldiers being organized into legions How was farming affected by the expansion of Rome throughout the Italian Peninsula How was farming affected by the expansion of Rome throughout the Italian Peninsula How was trade affected by the expansion of Rome throughout the Italian Peninsula How was trade affected by the expansion of Rome throughout the Italian Peninsula How did near by countries feel about Rome’s expansion and how did they react How did near by countries feel about Rome’s expansion and how did they react

10. Guided Reading What were the Punic Wars and who fought in them What were the Punic Wars and who fought in them What famous general attacked Rome in 218BC and where was he from What famous general attacked Rome in 218BC and where was he from What four areas did Rome gain during the Punic Wars What four areas did Rome gain during the Punic Wars What was different and unorthodox about the Roman take over of Greece What was different and unorthodox about the Roman take over of Greece

11. Guided Reading Why did Tiberius want to create farms for poor Romans Why did Tiberius want to create farms for poor Romans Who was Gaius and what happened to him Who was Gaius and what happened to him How did the violent deaths of the Gracchus brothers change the way people looked at politics How did the violent deaths of the Gracchus brothers change the way people looked at politics Who was Gaius Marius and what did he do Who was Gaius Marius and what did he do What was the result of Marius allowing poor and unemployed people to join the Roman army What was the result of Marius allowing poor and unemployed people to join the Roman army

12. Guided Reading Who was Lucius Cornelius Sulla Who was Lucius Cornelius Sulla After Sulla was victorious during the civil war what did he name himself After Sulla was victorious during the civil war what did he name himself Why did thousands of slaves follow Spartacus in a rebellion against Rome Why did thousands of slaves follow Spartacus in a rebellion against Rome What was the final result of the rebellion once Spartacus was killed What was the final result of the rebellion once Spartacus was killed

13. Guided Reading 11 Who was Cicero Who was Cicero How did Cicero propose to fix the Roman Republic How did Cicero propose to fix the Roman Republic Why did the people and soldiers respect and love Caesar Why did the people and soldiers respect and love Caesar What was Caesar’s great accomplishment between 58BC and 50BC What was Caesar’s great accomplishment between 58BC and 50BC Why do you think Caesar wrote about himself in third person Why do you think Caesar wrote about himself in third person

14. Guided Reading How did Caesar being an excellent speaker help him gain support How did Caesar being an excellent speaker help him gain support Why did Caesar’s allies become jealous of him and what did they demand he do Why did Caesar’s allies become jealous of him and what did they demand he do What was Caesar’s response to Pompey What was Caesar’s response to Pompey What did Caesar do to Pompey upon arriving in Rome What did Caesar do to Pompey upon arriving in Rome What did Caesar do upon returning to Rome in 45BC What did Caesar do upon returning to Rome in 45BC

15. Guided Reading Why was Caesar killed Why was Caesar killed After Caesar’s assassination what two great leaders emerged to control Roman politics After Caesar’s assassination what two great leaders emerged to control Roman politics What was their primary goal What was their primary goal How did most Romans feel about the death of Caesar How did most Romans feel about the death of Caesar What happened to Caesar’s killer after the assassination What happened to Caesar’s killer after the assassination

16. Guided Reading What was the cause of the battle of Actium What was the cause of the battle of Actium Why did Antony and Cleopatra commit suicide Why did Antony and Cleopatra commit suicide How did the Roman Republic become an empire How did the Roman Republic become an empire How were the first 200 years of the Roman Empire described How were the first 200 years of the Roman Empire described How did Rome’s territorial expansion affect trade How did Rome’s territorial expansion affect trade What type of approach did the Romans take in their studies of science and engineering What type of approach did the Romans take in their studies of science and engineering

17. Guided Reading Why was cement such a useful material Why was cement such a useful material What do you think the primary purpose of Roman roads were (map page 352-353) What do you think the primary purpose of Roman roads were (map page 352-353) How were the Romans able to increase the size of their buildings How were the Romans able to increase the size of their buildings What was the significance of Romans using arches What was the significance of Romans using arches What architectural features did the Romans copy from the Greeks What architectural features did the Romans copy from the Greeks

18. Guided Reading What is Civil Law What is Civil Law What kind of religion did Romans practice What kind of religion did Romans practice From what peoples did Romans adopt some gods From what peoples did Romans adopt some gods How did the Romans keep from offending gods How did the Romans keep from offending gods Why did some Romans think that Judaism was a political problem Why did some Romans think that Judaism was a political problem How did Jews feel about Judea being under Roman rule and what did the Jews do How did Jews feel about Judea being under Roman rule and what did the Jews do

19. Guided Reading What was the relationship like between Jews and Romans by the early 100’s BC What was the relationship like between Jews and Romans by the early 100’s BC What did emperor Hadrian believe would happen if he banned certain Jewish rituals What did emperor Hadrian believe would happen if he banned certain Jewish rituals What was the result of the ban What was the result of the ban What is Christianity based on What is Christianity based on Why did many Jews follow Mosaic Laws so closely Why did many Jews follow Mosaic Laws so closely

20. Guided Reading Why were Jews waiting for the Messiah to arrive Why were Jews waiting for the Messiah to arrive Why is the New Testament sacred to Christians Why is the New Testament sacred to Christians According to Christian, who was Jesus’s father According to Christian, who was Jesus’s father Why did many people become followers of Jesus Why did many people become followers of Jesus Why was Jesus arrested Why was Jesus arrested Two rules Jesus taught that were part of Judaism were what Two rules Jesus taught that were part of Judaism were what

21. Guided Reading Why have so many denominations developed since the death of Jesus Why have so many denominations developed since the death of Jesus What are the Gospels and why are they important What are the Gospels and why are they important How did Paul help spread Christianity How did Paul help spread Christianity Why was it important for the Christian Church to break away from Judaism Why was it important for the Christian Church to break away from Judaism Why might persecution have made Christianity stronger Why might persecution have made Christianity stronger

22. Guided Reading Who was the first bishop of Rome Who was the first bishop of Rome Land conquered by the Roman army was given up around 200 AD because Land conquered by the Roman army was given up around 200 AD because Why was it a mistake to invite Germanic farmers to farm Roman land Why was it a mistake to invite Germanic farmers to farm Roman land What problems did Rome face in the 100’s and 200’s AD What problems did Rome face in the 100’s and 200’s AD What was the Roman capital called to the east What was the Roman capital called to the east

23. Guided Reading Why did the Goths flee into Roman territory Why did the Goths flee into Roman territory Why did the Romans pay the Goths Why did the Romans pay the Goths Why did military leaders take power away from the emperors Why did military leaders take power away from the emperors What marks the end of the Western Roman Empire What marks the end of the Western Roman Empire What were the main factors of Rome’s fall What were the main factors of Rome’s fall What did Justinian’s Code help guarantee What did Justinian’s Code help guarantee

24. Guided Reading Who was Theodora and how did she help her husband Justinian Who was Theodora and how did she help her husband Justinian