1. Regents Review Bill of Rights & Amendments

2. Bill of Rights First ten amendments to the Constitution. Adopted in 1791 Protect the rights of individuals against government. Added to get the Anti-Federalists to approve the Constitution.

3. First Amendment Identify- freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly and petition. Why added-Freedom of the Press- Zenger case: tried for libel for accusing Governor of New York of wrongdoing, not guilty. Freedom of religion- colonies based on religious toleration. Enlightenment ideas – Voltaire: freedom of speech. Petition the government for grievances.

4. Fourth Amendment Identify-Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures. Why added-must obtain a search warrant from a judge. The person requesting the warrant must provide specific information. American Revolution homes were searched looking for smuggled goods.

5. 13 th, 14 th & 15 th Amendments Identify- 13 th Abolished slavery 14 th - African American citizenship and equal protection under the law. 15 th - black male suffrage. Ratified during Reconstruction period.

6. 13 th, 14 th & 15 th Amendments Why added- 13 th - abolitionist movement 14 th - Plessy v. Ferguson 15 th - poll taxes, literacy tests and grandfather clause.

7. 18 th and 21 st Amendment Identify- 18 th - 1919- prohibits the sale, manufacture, consumption and transportation of alcohol. 21 st – 1933- repealed Prohibition

8. 18 th and 21 st Amendments Why added- Temperance Movement began in the 1820’s. Goal- outlawing the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages. Women’s Christian Temperance Union (1874). Anti-Saloon League.

9. 18 th and 21 st (continued) Alcohol caused problems like poverty, disease, crime and domestic violence. Led to adoption of 18 th amendment. Prohibition was unenforceable. Stimulated organized crime (Al Capone), bootlegging and speakeasies. 1933 repealed.