2. The Sentence is a group of words expressing a complete thought. expressing a complete thought

3. Every sentence has two essential parts: and The subject of a sentence is the part about which something is being said. The flower bloomed. Bob painted. The girls on the team were all good students. The predicate of a sentence is the part which says something about the subject. Bill told everyone about the wreck. Mary sobbed. Sue plays the piano well.

4. The simple subject is the main word in the complete subject. The simple predicate, or verb, is the main word or group of words in the complete predicate. The complete subject is the main word and all its modifiers. The complete predicate is the verb and all its modifiers. The four new students arrived early. Complete subject The four new students Simple subject students Sara’s sister took us bowling yesterday. Simple predicate took Complete Predicate took us bowling yesterday

5. Objects  Objects follow ACTION verbs or Prepositions  A direct object follows an ACTION verb and answers the question “what?” after that verb:  The boy threw the ball.

6. Objects  An indirect object also follows an action verb, but it comes before the direct object.  Not all sentences have either a direct object or an indirect object.  The indirect object answers the question “to whom?” or “for whom” after the action verb.

7. Indirect Object Examples MMMMy brother gave me a new bike. SSSSam sent Steve to the store. JJJJoey brought them the test results. SSSSally told Rich a funny joke. HHHHe sold my Mom a faulty refrigerator.

8. Object of a Preposition  The object of a preposition is the last word in a prepositional phrase.  Remember, nothing important ever happens in a prepositional phrase, so direct objects and indirect objects will never be in a prepositional phrase!!!  The boy pushed the go cart down the hill.

9. Complements  A complement follows a linking verb and either renames the subject or describes the subject.  A complement that renames the subject after a linking verb is called a “predicate nominative.”  A complement that describes the subject after a linking verb is called a “predicate adjective.”

10. Complements  Sylvia became captain of the volleyball team.  James is the new president of the firm.  Mr. Smith was my teacher in 4 th grade.  Sarah appeared tired after the game.  The children grew restless in their chairs.  Ed seemed sad because of the defeat.

11. Objective Complement  The objective complement follows both the action verb and the direct object.  It is a noun or an adjective that renames or describes the direct object.  The committee nominated James president.  We chose to paint the room pink.

12. Determining Sentence Parts 1. Identify all prepositional phrases. Remember – the subject, verb, direct object, indirect object and any complements will not appear in a prepositional phrase! 2. Locate the verb and determine if it is action or linking. 3. Ask who or what is “doing” the verb – this is your subject.

13. Determining Sentence Parts 4. If the verb is action, determine if it has a direct object, an indirect object, or an objective complement. Remember – a sentence does not have to have any or all of these. However, if you label something as an indirect object or an objective complement, the sentence must also have a direct object.

14. Determining Sentence Parts 5. If the verb is linking, determine if it has a predicate nominative or a predicate adjective. Remember – a sentence does not have to have either of these. Also, remember predicate nominatives rename while predicate adjectives describe.

15. Some Practice Indicate the syntax of each word highlighted in the following sentences. 1. Beyond the trees, we could see a large buck with enormous antlers. 2. Ricky became angry with us. 3. Joe gave my sister a wonderful necklace for her birthday. 4. Jeff’s teammates chose him captain of the squad. 5. Here are the bagels for breakfast.

16. Some Answers Indicate the syntax of each word highlighted in the following sentences. op s do Beyond the trees, we could see a large buck with enormous antlers. s pa s pa Ricky became angry with us. s iodo op s iodo op Joe gave my sister a wonderful necklace for her birthday. s do oc op s do oc op Jeff’s teammates chose him captain of the squad. s op s op Here are the bagels for breakfast.