1. Holy Orders

4. The Priesthood Old Testament: restricted to the Tribe of Levi. Old Testament: restricted to the Tribe of Levi. Based on a hereditary bloodline Based on a hereditary bloodline New Testament: Christ the Eternal High Priest offers the perfect sacrifice of Himself New Testament: Christ the Eternal High Priest offers the perfect sacrifice of Himself Based on grace Based on grace The old was fulfilled and perfected by Christ; no need for animal sacrifices. The old was fulfilled and perfected by Christ; no need for animal sacrifices. There is only sacrifice which has the power to save mankind: the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass. There is only sacrifice which has the power to save mankind: the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass.

6. The Priesthood of the New Testament Christ Himself instituted the priesthood of the new and eternal covenant on Holy Thursday Christ Himself instituted the priesthood of the new and eternal covenant on Holy Thursday In celebrating the first Mass, He commanded His Apostles to also celebrate the divine sacrifice of the Mass In celebrating the first Mass, He commanded His Apostles to also celebrate the divine sacrifice of the Mass “Do this in commemoration of me.”

7. Apostolic Succession/Ordination In time, all of the Apostles died. In time, all of the Apostles died. Did the priesthood die with them? No. Did the priesthood die with them? No. The Apostles handed on to others (i.e., “ordained”) what they themselves received. The Apostles handed on to others (i.e., “ordained”) what they themselves received. This transfer of grace took place by the “laying on of hands” (2 Timothy 1:6) This transfer of grace took place by the “laying on of hands” (2 Timothy 1:6) Definition: Holy Orders is a sacrament which makes those men who receive it share in the priesthood of Christ, and gives them the power and grace to discharge their duties validly and worthily. Definition: Holy Orders is a sacrament which makes those men who receive it share in the priesthood of Christ, and gives them the power and grace to discharge their duties validly and worthily.

8. 8 Degrees of Holy Orders 4 Minor Orders 1. Porter 2. Lector 3. Exorcist 4. Acolyte 4 Major Orders 5. Subdeacon 6. Deacon 7. Priest 8. Bishop (the fullness of the priesthood) ** “Major” because of the obligation to observe celibacy.

9. The Divine Hierarchy of the Church Deacons, Priests, Bishops This hierarchy is of divine origin. This hierarchy is of divine origin. Bishops of dioceses possess full apostolic authority within their territory. Bishops of dioceses possess full apostolic authority within their territory. Priests assist Bishops in the work of the salvation of souls. Priests assist Bishops in the work of the salvation of souls. Deacons assist the Priests/Bishops in the same work Deacons assist the Priests/Bishops in the same work The Pope of Rome is a special Bishop: he has universal jurisdiction (authority) over the entire Church on earth. The Pope of Rome is a special Bishop: he has universal jurisdiction (authority) over the entire Church on earth. Pope Saint Pius X

10. Administration Matter: imposition of hands Matter: imposition of hands Form: “receive the power to offer sacrifice in the Church for the living and the dead, in the Name of the Father, etc.” Form: “receive the power to offer sacrifice in the Church for the living and the dead, in the Name of the Father, etc.” Effects: 1. increase in sanctifying grace; 2. special grace that makes the ordained fit to exercise the duties of his sacred office; 3. sacramental character (once a priest, always a priest!)

11. Principle Powers of the Priest 1. to offer the holy sacrifice of the mass 2. to forgive sins 3. to administer the sacraments 4. to preach the word of God These powers are received with Holy Orders These powers are received with Holy Orders The priest cannot lawfully exercise these powers without authorization from the Pope or a Bishop. The priest cannot lawfully exercise these powers without authorization from the Pope or a Bishop. He can administer all the sacraments validly, except Confession, for which he needs faculties. He can administer all the sacraments validly, except Confession, for which he needs faculties.

12. Minister of Holy Orders Only Bishops administer this sacrament! Only Bishops administer this sacrament! When a new bishop is consecrated, there must be 3 bishops present: 1 main consecrator, and 2 co- consecrators. When a new bishop is consecrated, there must be 3 bishops present: 1 main consecrator, and 2 co- consecrators. The three symbols of the Bishop: mitre (high priest), crozier (shepherd’s staff), and the ring (authority) The three symbols of the Bishop: mitre (high priest), crozier (shepherd’s staff), and the ring (authority) Cardinals: special bishops who vote for a new pope when he dies. (they wear Red instead of purple) Cardinals: special bishops who vote for a new pope when he dies. (they wear Red instead of purple) Pectoral Cross: used by the pope, cardinals, bishops, abbots, and other prelates as a sign of their office.

13. Cardinal James Francis McIntyre Archbishop of Los Angeles 1948-1970

14. Vestments 1.Amice 2.Alb 3.Cincture 4.Maniple 5.Stole 6.Chasuble * Roman, or Gothic ==================== Normal attire for a cleric is the Black Cassock. For some ceremonies, instead of a chasuble, a COPE is worn. For benediction of the blessed sacrament, a HUMERAL VEIL is used to touch the monstrance.

15. Vocation to the Priesthood vocatio (Latin) = “calling” vocatio (Latin) = “calling” Signs of God’s calling to the holy priesthood: Signs of God’s calling to the holy priesthood: 1. pious desire of the heart; 2. innocence of life; 3. sincere love of Christ; 4. zeal for the glory of God and the salvation of souls; 5. talent and liking for higher studies (philosophy, theology) * No vocation is certain until a person is called by the bishop to receive holy orders.

16. Reception of Holy Orders Only a man who has been baptized and confirmed may receive Holy Orders. Only a man who has been baptized and confirmed may receive Holy Orders. The priest acts in persona Christi (“in the person of Chris”). The priest acts in persona Christi (“in the person of Chris”). Christ was both divine and human, and his human nature was certainly that of a man. Christ was both divine and human, and his human nature was certainly that of a man. Christ Himself never chose a woman as an Apostle. Christ Himself never chose a woman as an Apostle. There is absolutely no evidence that the Apostles ever ordained a woman to the priesthood. There is absolutely no evidence that the Apostles ever ordained a woman to the priesthood. The teaching that ordination is reserved strictly to men is of divine origin and cannot change. The teaching that ordination is reserved strictly to men is of divine origin and cannot change.