1. READ!

2. Unit 4: Learning and Cognition Chapter 6: Learning

3. Warm up 03/11 ●What does it mean to learn?

4. Classical Conditioning ●Learning ○ Relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience. ●stimulus - produces reaction ●response - reaction ●conditioning - learning

5. ●Ivan Pavlov ○ mouth watering in dogs ○ rang a bell when feeding dogs ○ dogs started to salivate when the bell was rung Classical Conditioning

11. ●US, UR, CR, and CS ○ unconditioned stimulus - dog food ○ unconditioned response -salivating dog ○ conditioned response - salivating to bell ○ conditioned stimulus - bell causing salivating ○ neutral stimulus - bell without dog food Classical Conditioning

12. ●Adaptation ○ taste aversion ■ learned aversion to a particular food ■ getting sick eating candy corn and not wanting to eat it again ○ extinction ■ Loss of receptivity to the CS If the US is not presented. Classical Conditioning

13. ●Adaptation ○ spontaneous recovery ■ Extinction ceases and the organism begins to respond to the CS with the presentation of the US. ■ the appearance of a formerly extinguished response, following a rest period. Classical Conditioning

14. ●Adaptation ○ Generalization ■ responding to similar stimulus the same way ○ Discrimination ■ not responding to similar stimulus in the same way Classical Conditioning

15. ●Application ○ Flooding ■ exposed to stimulus for long time to get rid of fear ○ systematic desensitization ■ relaxation techniques while confronted with a frightening stimulus ○ counter-conditioning ■ pleasant stimulus with a fearful one Classical Conditioning

17. ●Create a four panel comic that depicts an act of classical conditioning ○ must be original ■ no Pavlovian dogs or examples I’ve given ○ must be colored ○ Panel 1 = neutral stimulus ○ Panel 2 = Unconditioned Stimulus and Response ○ Panel 3= Neutral and Unconditioned Stimulus paired ○ Panel 4 = Conditioned Stimulus and Response Classical Conditioning Comic

19. ●stimulus ●response ●conditioning ○ classical & operant ● unconditioned stimulus ●unconditioned response ●conditioned response ●conditioned stimulus ●taste aversion ●schedule of reinforcements ●continuous reinforcement ●observational learning Chapter 6 Vocab - Learning ● extinction ● spontaneous recovery ● generalization ● discrimination ● flooding ● systematic desensitization ● counterconditioning ● reinforcement ● primary & secondary reinforcers ● partial reinforcement ● shaping ● latent learning

20. Warm Up 11/22 ●Is learning permanent? Why or why not?

21. ●How are you rewarded when you do something right? ●How are you punished when you do something wrong? ○ Consider school, home, work, etc. Warm Up 03/12

22. ●learning from the consequences of your actions ○ voluntary responses rather than biological reactions ●B.F. Skinner ○ Project Pigeon ■ Pigeons guide missiles to targets ■ given treats for hitting the correct target Operant Conditioning

23. ●Reinforcement ○ “Skinner Box” ○ reinforcement is anything that could increase a wanted behavior Operant Conditioning

24. ●Types of Reinforcers ○ Reinforcer - anything that encourages a behavior to happen again ○ Primary Reinforcers ■ keep people alive ■ food, water, shelter ○ Secondary Reinforcers ■ money, attention, social approval, etc. Operant Conditioning

25. ●Types of Reinforcers ○ Positive ■ given something that you want ■ food, money, praise, etc. ○ negative ■ take away something that you don’t want ■ don’t have to do chores, homework, etc. Operant Conditioning

26. ●Rewards ○ positive reinforcements ●Punishment ○ positive - give something unpleasant ■ spanking, chores, lecture, etc. ○ negative - take away something you want ■ cell phone, car, etc. ○ not as effective as reinforcements Operant Conditioning

28. 1.Warm ups 2.sleep survey 3.questions about meditation, BFT, & Hypnosis 4.Pavlov Comic

29. ●Groups of 4 ●Write and perform a skit ○ 1 positive reinforcement ○ 1 negative reinforcement ○ 1 positive punishment ○ 1 negative punishment ●turn in scripts after you present Skit

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31. ●Do you think punishments or rewards are more effective? Why? Warm Up 03/13

32. ●Schedules of Reinforcement ○ Continuous - reinforcing behavior every time it happens ○ partial - reinforcing the behavior some of the time ○ interval - time passes between intervals Operant Conditioning

33. ●Schedules of Reinforcement ○ ratio - behavior must happen a certain # of times between reinforcements ■ fixed-ratio - set amount of behaviors ■ variable-ratio - can happen at any time Operant Conditioning

34. ●Extinction ○ repeated performance of behavior without reinforcement Operant Conditioning

35. ●What we think of as learning… ●Latent learning ○ not all learning is reinforced ○ knowledge can be dormant until you need it Cognitive Learning

36. ●Observational Learning ○ learning by watching others ○ Albert Bandura ■ Social Learning theory ■ Bobo doll experiment ■ children more likely to replicate violent behavior when they see an adult do it Cognitive Learning

38. ●Observational Learning ○ Violence in the Media ■ contributing factor to aggression ■ emotional desensitization ■ higher tendency to commit violent acts ■ Do you buy it? Do video games make kids more violent? Cognitive Learning

39. Dance it out

40. ●Individually, pick the schedule of reinforcement that you think would work the best for teaching behaviors. ●Think of an example of this schedule, then draw a picture of your example as if it were being posted to instagram. ○ color it (you can even choose a “filter” if you want) ○ Give it a caption ○ Get your classmates to like it? Schedules...

41. Have you been successful in school? Do you think you learn in school? Warm Up 10/15

42. ●How did you learn to drive? ●How did you learn to read? Warm Up 10/14

43. ●Preview ○ getting some idea about the subject before you learn ●Question ○ becoming an active learner ○ set goals of what you want to learn ■ ask specific questions about those goals PQ4R Method

44. ●Read ○ with the purpose of answering your questions ●reflect ○ relate old and new info ●recite ○ repeating info ●Review ○ look back over what you learned PQ4R Method