1. Chapter 14:

2. Samuel F. B. Morse – 1 – American Painter who reasoned electricity could travel along wires and make it around the world 2 – invented the telegraph which is used to send messages across the wire 3 – developed Morse code which is the dot-dash communication system. (1840) 1. TELEGRAPH

5. 2. Steam power and railroads made trade and travel much easier. Factories no longer had to be built by water.

6. John Deere’s steel plow New Ways to Farm

7. New Inventions Safety pin Sewing machine

8. 1860 – cotton was the chief export

9. 3Immigrants from Europe (Ireland and Germany) 1. Ireland 2. Germany

10. Immigrants Face Resentment 4. Nativists 5. Know-Nothing Party

11. The Southern Economy Southerners prided themselves on their love of tradition. Huge plantations Needed a lot of workers - Used slave labor

12. Up the dome

18. Life in the South Southern politics, society, and economy were greatly influenced by slave holders/wealthy plantation owners. The 5 tiers of the Southern class structure: *Planters – *yeomanry – *poor whites – *free African Americans- *enslaved African Americans-

19. Classes of Southern Society: Wealthy Planters: highest positions 6. Cottonocracy land/slaves badges of wealth and prestige 7. Yeomanry: farmers and ranchers—large part of population many worked their own farms or had few slaves 8.Poor Whites: bottom of white society lived in the “land of do without” Free African Americans: about 200,000 in 1850 wear badges/live in separate areas lived in fear Enslaved Africans: most worked in fields/many worked in the “big house” 9. Slave Codes – Southern legislature passed laws to control enslaved people

20. Violent Resistance 10. Nat Turner’s Revolt Led an attack killing 57 people in 1831 He and others were caught, tried in court, and hanged. Others resisted in many small ways.