1. The Worlds of North and South
Geography, Transportation, Economy, Society

2. Similarities
Northerners and southerners shared the same language, and worshipped in the same kinds of churches
Shared a fierce pride in their country and their faith in democracy

3. Differences
Outlook and attitude of northerners and southerners on many things very different
During the 1800s differences led to conflicting views on many issues
At times it seemed they were living in two separate worlds

4. Geography North Four distinct seasons Shorter growing season
New England coast perfect for harbors
Thick forests, winding rivers
Areas of fertile farmland
South
Mild winters, long growing season
Coastal plains with fertile lowlands-good for growing rice, fishing
Pine forests for lumber
Broad, flat rivers, fertile farmland

5. Economy North Industrial Revolution- economy based on manufacturing
Textile factories
Steam engines
Steam powered machinery
Factory workers
South
Economy based on agriculture
Small farms
Plantations used slaves to raise cash crops, especially cotton

6. Transportation North National Road across Appalachian mtns.
Steamboats and clipper ships (fast)
Erie Canal
20,000 miles of railroads
South
Steam powered river boats
Cotton shipped down the rivers
Mississippi River mightiest southern river
10,000 miles of railroads

7. Society North Growing number of people lived in cities
Small family farms
African Americans were free but not equal
Immigrants from Ireland and Germany
South
Rich planters lived in large mansions
Most white southerners owned some land but only 1 in 4 owned even 1slave
Small number of free blacks who worked as craftspeople, servants, laborers
Majority of African Americans were slaves

8. Summary: Geography was the primary reason northerners and southerners developed differently
North-variety of trades and businesses
Industrial Revolution led to the development of factories and mills
Increasing number of people went to work as wage earners
Improvement in transportation made it easier for northerners to travel and ship goods
South-depended primarily on agriculture
Minority of white southerners owned slaves but much of the South’s economy depended on slave labor
People continued to travel by river and rail lines were few
Society divided into ranks- wealthy enjoyed great influence and power, even poorest whites ranked above African Americans, whether free or slave