1. THE EDUCATION TRUST SCAFFOLDING THE INTRODUCTION LOW MAINTENANCE SCAFFOLDS LARGE STEPS THAT HELP ALL STUDENTS WRITE WELL

2. THE EDUCATION TRUST SCAFFOLDING THE INTRODUCTION High Maintenance Scaffolds Bubbles Webs Fish charts T-charts Much more teacher work left to do.

3. THE EDUCATION TRUST SCAFFOLDING THE INTRODUCTION 1 2 4 BOLD Perhaps start with a BOLD beginning. 3 BACKGROUND Provide some BACKGROUND information from the text. SLIDE Create a SLIDE : a sentence or two that moves you out of the introduction and into the body of the paper. 5 BUSINESS Add the BUSINESS of the introduction. THESIS STATEMENT Your THESIS STATEMENT might be found in 1, 23 or, 4.

4. THE EDUCATION TRUST SCAFFOLDING THE INTRODUCTION 1 THEBOLDBEGINNING THE BOLD BEGINNING Perhaps begin with a: GRAND SWEEPING STATEMENT DEFINITIVE STATEMENT RHETORICAL QUESTION QUOTATION

5. THE EDUCATION TRUST SCAFFOLDING THE INTRODUCTION 1 GRAND SWEEPING STATEMENT GRAND SWEEPING STATEMENT # 1 GRAND SWEEPING STATEMENT # 2 GRAND SWEEPING STATEMENT # 3 a person can only take so much. going inside yourself is a problem storing the anger away just makes it worse. Student 1

6. THE EDUCATION TRUST SCAFFOLDING THE INTRODUCTION 1 GRAND SWEEPING STATEMENT GRAND SWEEPING STATEMENT # 1 GRAND SWEEPING STATEMENT # 2 GRAND SWEEPING STATEMENT # 3 Planning before running. Easy and study is the way it gos. Cause if you rush, you might not get where you want. Going inside yourself don’t work. Because when you come back out you still have to face the concaqunces. Student 2

7. THE EDUCATION TRUST SCAFFOLDING THE INTRODUCTION 2 THE BUSINESS Perhaps begin with: AUTHORThe AUTHOR followed by the title and character or idea; TITLEThe TITLE followed by the author and character or idea; or CHARACTER OR IDEAThe CHARACTER OR IDEA followed by the title and author

8. THE EDUCATION TRUST SCAFFOLDING THE INTRODUCTION 2 THE BUSINESS Introduce NOVEL first Introduce AUTHOR first Introduce CHRACTER OR IDEA first VIRGINIA HAMILTON IN THE NOVEL ANTHONY BURNS WRITES ABOUT A SLAVE THAT HUNTED LIKE AN ANIMAL ANTHONY BURN BY VIRGINIA HAMILTON IS A NOVEL ABOUT THE FUGITIVE SLAVE ACT AND SOMEONE TRYING TO OVERCOME IT ANTHONY IN THIS STORY IS A PERSON OF GOOD KERRIAGE Student 1

9. THE EDUCATION TRUST SCAFFOLDING THE INTRODUCTION 2 THE BUSINESS Introduce NOVEL first Introduce AUTHOR first Introduce CHARACTER OR IDEA first VIRGINIA HAMILTON IN THE NOVEL ANTHONY BURNS tells the life story of an young slave. Big Walker is a character in the story who is possibly Anthony’s father. ANTHONY Burns by Virginia Hamilton tells the life story of a young slave boy. Student 2

10. THE EDUCATION TRUST SCAFFOLDING THE INTRODUCTION 3 THE BACKGROUND but not too much Provide some background information from the text, but not too much. Make sure you avoid a plot summary. You can avoid a plot summary if you focus the background information on the essay question you’re writing about.

11. THE EDUCATION TRUST SCAFFOLDING THE INTRODUCTION 3 THE BACKGROUND BACKGROUND INFORMATION #1 BACKGROUND INFROMATION # 2 VIRGINIA HAMILTON IN THE NOVEL ANTHONY BURNS WRITES ABOUT A SLAVE THAT HUNTED LIKE AN ANIMAL ANTHONY BURN IS TRYING TO BE TREATED EQUALY TO THOSE WHO OWN HIM AND WHATS TO MAKE HIM A SLAVE. THE NOVEL ALSO TELLS YOU ABOUT THE FUGITIVE SLAVE ACT. Student 1

12. THE EDUCATION TRUST SCAFFOLDING THE INTRODUCTION 3 THE BACKGROUND BACKGROUND INFORMATION #1 BACKGROUND INFROMATION # 2 Anthony Burns is a slave who experienced what Nugugi called the Cultural Bomb. (The Cultural Bomb is to annihilate a people’s belief in their struggle, unity, capacities, and ultimately in themselves.) A young slave named Anthony escapes from Virginia to boston. And got accused for stealing, and now have an court case. Student 2

13. THE EDUCATION TRUST SCAFFOLDING THE INTRODUCTION 4 THE SLIDE SLIDE Create a SLIDE : a sentence or two that moves you out of the introduction and into the body of the paper.

14. THE EDUCATION TRUST SCAFFOLDING THE INTRODUCTION 4 THE SLIDE SLIDE #1 Going inside yourself would not stop peoples belief s or what they think of you. If you really went to stop going inside yourself--you need help and you need to make an plan, to get moving. Some slave have no power. Student 2

15. THE EDUCATION TRUST SCAFFOLDING THE INTRODUCTION Since a person can only take so much, going inside yourself is a problem because storing the anger away just makes it worse. Anthony Burns by Virginia Hamilton is a novel about the fugitive slave act and Anthony Burns trying to overcome it. Anthony Burns is a slave who is familiar with what Ngugi calls “The Cultural Bomb.” This is a process in which a person can “annihilate another person’s belief in his name, in his language, in his environment, in his heritage of struggle, in his unity with others, and in his capacity. Anthony Burns was not able to overcome “The Cultural Bomb” by himself. He needed the help of others. STUDENT 1’S Intro Paragraph 1

16. THE EDUCATION TRUST SCAFFOLDING THE INTRODUCTION Going inside yourself doesn’t work because when you come back out you still have to face the consequences. Anthony Burns by Virginia Hamilton tells the life story of a young slave. Anthony Burns is a slave who experienced what Nugugi called the cultural bomb. “The cultural bomb is to annihilate a people’s belief in their names, languages, environment, heritage of struggle, unity, capacity, and ultimately in themselves.” Going inside yourself would not stop people’s belief or what they think of you. If a slave really wants to stop the cultural bomb, the person needs to make a plan and to get moving because slaves have no power. STUDENT 2’S Intro Paragraph 1

17. THE EDUCATION TRUST SCAFFOLDING THE INTRODUCTION A writer’s beginning can be rooted almost anywhere; a devastating experience, a triumph, an inspirational teacher or idol--any and all of these can compel a child to write. The most common cause however, is a “feeling of insatiability “when it comes to books. Children whose “only fear [is] that of books coming to an end” grow up to write their own, so that the end never has to come. In this passage from her autobiography, One Writer’s Beginnings, Eudora Welty explores the origin of her drive to write. The language she employs to relate anecdotes of her early childhood love affair with reading is invested with the same passion and value that she applied to books. From www.collegeboard.org/ap/eng 1 grand sweeping statement 2 business 4 3 background information 5 slide thesis

18. THE EDUCATION TRUST SCAFFOLDING THE INTRODUCTION LOW MAINTENANCE SCAFFOLDS LARGE STEPS THAT HELP ALL STUDENTS WRITE WELL