1. A ROADMAP TOWARDS DEVELOPING A NATIONAL ADAPTATION PLAN (NAP)
FOR BANGLADESH : OUTCOME FROM A CONSULTATION MEETING

2. CONTEXT OF NATIONAL ADAPTATION PLAN
NAPA (Developed in 2005, revised in 2009)
UNFCCC process-led, for LDCs
To highlight a few immediate & urgent projects
BCCSAP
GOB led
Introduced programme ideas, no details
Not yet linked with development planning
Yet to be owned by various relevant institutions
NAP… to be developed
UNFCCC led (COP decision), for all Parties
Medium and long term, comprehensive Plan

3. About a NAP Roadmap in Bangladesh
Limited Understanding how to develop it
A generic ‘Guidebook’ has provided useful directions though it lacks country-specificity
To lay out critical aspects
What needs to be done (including contextual analysis)
How to go about it?
Methodological challenges
Who will be engaged in NAP process, the Roadmap will provide an instant guideline

4. Basic Elements of Bangladesh NAP
Envisioning the Unseen: What Scenarios?
Bangladesh’s Specific Vulnerability? (thematic and territory wise)
How to visualize Adaptation Needs in Vulnerable Sectors and locations?
Integration of the NAP with National Development mechanism.
Who will implement the Plan? The Institutional Setting
Monitoring and Evaluation
How to Finance the NAP?
How to integrate gender sensitivity (women & children) in adaptation?

5. SCENARIO DEVELOPMENT : Climate
Hind-cast (what had happened in the past?);
Future projections : Climate model based projections: Time-frame for analysis? (has to be time-specific). Success in Mitigation at global level.
Projections of other aspects: which may be highly sensitive to change in climate & climate- induced hydro-bio-geophysical parameters: population, economic & development scenarios, employment, migration, resource utilization including land; etc.

6. SCENARIO DEVELOPMENT
Climate model based projections: Time-frame for analysis?
Eastern Himalayan Regional context to be considered (Water & Agriculture)
NAP Roadmap Team’s suggestion:
3 timelines in addition to current (say, 2015) timeframe:
2030 and2050 (for planning perspectives) and
2100 (for infrastructural risk perspective)
If possible, use 5 year incremental steps
PRECIS and other IPCC SRES approved climate models (if validated for Bangladesh)
Need guidance and support from global level on scenario development and use of suitable model;

7. Bangladesh-Specific Vulnerability
Once vulnerability is better understood, devising adaptation plan becomes easier
Sector- and community-specific vulnerability: as detailed as possible
AEZ-specific? Physiographic-specific? Hazard-specific? River-basin specific?
Regional aspects specially with respect to Water management.
What are the priority sectors and locations?
Storm surge in Coastal belt of the country? Salinity intrusion and Sea level rise? Urban drainage congestion?

8. Bangladesh-Specific Vulnerability
Once vulnerability is better understood, devising adaptation plan becomes easier
Sector-specific vulnerability: as details as possible
What are the priority sectors?
Any cross-cutting issue?
Water Resources Sector
Agriculture Sector (including sub-sectors)
Communication sector
Physical Infrastructure
Food and Health Security
Livelihoods
Disaster Management
Habitation and Urbanization
Special attention: Gender Sensitivity

9. Understanding Adaptation Needs in Vulnerable Sectors
Adaptations must be made responsive to future conditions
Gender sensitive adaptation
Needs for both preventive (or transformative) and reactive adaptations will be considered; consider probability of mal-adaptation.
Adaptation should follow specific vulnerability of each (prioritized) sector and territory.

10. INTEGRATION OF NAP WITH NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
How key national documents have updated for adaptation?
Reflections on recent adaptation strides
Community based Adaptation
Adaptation Needs in different time scales & various scenarios : Current, 2030, 2050, 2100
Optimistic (2oC), Business as usual(4oC), and, Pessimistic (6oC) scenarios,
NAP and NAMA?? Relationship between Adaptation and Mitigation ( Coastal afforestation)

11. INTEGRATION OF NAP WITH NATIONAL DEV (contd.)
Integration of NAP with investments through ADP (across sectors)
Integration of adaptation actions at different tiers: Central, meso-level, household/community level, Inter- sectoral perspective
Managing vulnerability and adaptation related information
Knowledge management through continued monitoring, analyses, etc.
Periodic updates on residual vulnerability and Loss & Damage (L&D)

12. How to operationalize NAP?
INSTITUTIONAL MAPPING FOR
INTEGRATION OF NAP
Institutional Mapping must provide answers
Who does what?
Which national organization monitors and evaluates (periodically)? Result-based monitoring
How inter-agency coordination is ensured?
What is the state of capacity of implementing bodies in different tiers?
What are the technological needs towards implementing elements of NAP?
Avoiding mal-adaptation by sector: Who oversees?
What is the updating and feedback mechanism?
How to operationalize NAP?

13. FINANCING ADAPTATION IN A PLANNED MANNER
How big is the financial requirement?
Will there be prioritization in financial mobilization?
What needs to be done?

14. FINANCING ADAPTATION IN A PLANNED MANNER
How big is the financial requirement?
Will there be prioritization in financial mobilization?
What needs to be done?
Estimation of costs of adaptation by key sectors
Prioritization of Specific adaptations
Scheduling of finance for Adaptation
Location specificity of Financing adaptation
Sources of finance (local, international)
Finance mobilization strategy

15. How NAP process will be managed?
Management of NAP
How NAP process will be managed?
MOEF-led NAP Team
Inter-ministerial Steering Committee
Technical Advisory Committee
(involving GO, CSO, Academics, ….)
Sector-specific/ issue-specific TAC Sub-committees
(for example, Climate modelling Sub-committee)
Local, Regional, and National Consultations
Draft presentation of NAP
Finalization through ministerial vetting/approval

16. PROCESSES INVOLVING DEVELOPMENT OF NAP
How to ensure participation of stakeholders at all levels?
Bottom-up : Local level concerns/realities, inputs in priority setting (including gender specificity)
Top-down : Key Climate Change Practitioners/ Experts
Inter-sectoral: Sector-specific institutional responses, needs & priorities
Political level integration: Parliamentary hearing for priority setting, institutional coordination, financing, etc.
Media coverage: Involve the mass population

17. Preamble must highlight theory of change (Specific objectives, targets, etc.)
NAP to lead to LAP
Update BCCSAP ?, add costing and prioritization; institutional setting
Create opportunity for capacity building of planners
Added objective?: To create access to GCF
Add fiduciary standard enhancement
To bring synergy among various types of projects/actors
NAP Team should avoid duplication of project activities/use of scarce resources
Issues concerning marketing need to be highlighted

18. Thanks for your patience