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WHY CLASSIFY?. Taxonomy is the science of grouping and naming organisms. Classification the grouping of information or objects based on similarities.

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Presentation on theme: "WHY CLASSIFY?. Taxonomy is the science of grouping and naming organisms. Classification the grouping of information or objects based on similarities."— Presentation transcript:

1 WHY CLASSIFY?

2 Taxonomy is the science of grouping and naming organisms. Classification the grouping of information or objects based on similarities.

3 We only know about a fraction of the organisms that exist or have existed on Earth. Taxonomists give a unique scientific name to each species they know about whether it’s alivetoday or extinct. The scientific name comes from one of two “dead” languages – Latin or ancient Greek.

4 What is classification? w Classification is the grouping of living organisms according to similar structures and functions.

5 Devil Cat

6 Ghost Cat

7 Mountain Lion

8 Florida Panther

9 Cougar

10 Puma

11 Screaming Cat

12 There are at least 50 common names for the animal shown on the previous 7 slides. Common names vary according to region. Soooo……why use a scientific name?

13 Early classification systems w Aristotle grouped animals according to the way they moved

14 The modern classification system : w Kingdom w Phylum w Class w Order w Family w Genus w Species Developed by Carolus Linnaeus Consists of 7 levels :

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17 Helpful way to remember the 7 levels w King Philip Came Over For Grape Soda. w King Philip Came Over For Green Skittles.

18 Binomial Nomenclature w Developed by Carolus Linnaeus w Two-name system: First name is the organism’s genus Second name is the organism’s species

19 What rules are used to write scientific names? w The first letter of the genus is ALWAYS capitalized w The first letter of the species is NEVER capitalized w Scientific names of organisms are always italicized or underlined

20 Using the Classification System Field guides help identify organisms. -they highlight differences between similar organisms (like trees) Taxonomic Key (Dichotomous Key) -paired statements that describe the physical characteristics of different organisms

21 Taxonomic Key w 1a Fruits occur singly....................................................... Go to 3 w 1b Fruits occur in clusters of two or more......................... Go to 2 w 2a Fruits are round....................................................... Grapes w 2b Fruits are elongate................................................... Bananas w 3a Thick skin that separates easily from flesh.............Oranges w 3b Thin skin that adheres to flesh.............................. Go to 4 w 4a More than one seed per fruit............................ Apples w 4b One seed per fruit............................................ Go to 5 w 5a Skin covered with velvety hairs.................... Peaches w 5b Skin smooth, without hairs........................... Plums What steps would you use to identify a peach?


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