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Published byAlan Watson Modified over 8 years ago
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WHY CLASSIFY?
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Taxonomy is the science of grouping and naming organisms. Classification the grouping of information or objects based on similarities.
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We only know about a fraction of the organisms that exist or have existed on Earth. Taxonomists give a unique scientific name to each species they know about whether it’s alivetoday or extinct. The scientific name comes from one of two “dead” languages – Latin or ancient Greek.
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What is classification? w Classification is the grouping of living organisms according to similar structures and functions.
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Devil Cat
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Ghost Cat
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Mountain Lion
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Florida Panther
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Cougar
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Puma
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Screaming Cat
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There are at least 50 common names for the animal shown on the previous 7 slides. Common names vary according to region. Soooo……why use a scientific name?
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Early classification systems w Aristotle grouped animals according to the way they moved
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The modern classification system : w Kingdom w Phylum w Class w Order w Family w Genus w Species Developed by Carolus Linnaeus Consists of 7 levels :
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Helpful way to remember the 7 levels w King Philip Came Over For Grape Soda. w King Philip Came Over For Green Skittles.
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Binomial Nomenclature w Developed by Carolus Linnaeus w Two-name system: First name is the organism’s genus Second name is the organism’s species
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What rules are used to write scientific names? w The first letter of the genus is ALWAYS capitalized w The first letter of the species is NEVER capitalized w Scientific names of organisms are always italicized or underlined
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Using the Classification System Field guides help identify organisms. -they highlight differences between similar organisms (like trees) Taxonomic Key (Dichotomous Key) -paired statements that describe the physical characteristics of different organisms
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Taxonomic Key w 1a Fruits occur singly....................................................... Go to 3 w 1b Fruits occur in clusters of two or more......................... Go to 2 w 2a Fruits are round....................................................... Grapes w 2b Fruits are elongate................................................... Bananas w 3a Thick skin that separates easily from flesh.............Oranges w 3b Thin skin that adheres to flesh.............................. Go to 4 w 4a More than one seed per fruit............................ Apples w 4b One seed per fruit............................................ Go to 5 w 5a Skin covered with velvety hairs.................... Peaches w 5b Skin smooth, without hairs........................... Plums What steps would you use to identify a peach?
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