1. Intro to Global History

2. History Why Study It? –Avoid repeating past mistakes –Helps make sense of present events “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” Studying history is necessary to avoid repeating past mistakes. This saying comes from the writings of George Santayana, a Spanish-born American author of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

3. Vocabulary: Put in Glossary Anthropologist –A person who studies the characteristics and culture of humankind Archaeologist –A scientist who digs up the remains of ancient societies to study their culture

4. Vocab, cont’d (put in glossary) Artifact –The man-made objects of ancient societies (e.g., tools, jewelry)

5. Vocab, cont’d (put in glossary) Fossil –The remains of life preserved in rock (e.g., bones) Primary Source –A first-hand account of an event (e.g., diary)

6. Cultural Vocabulary: Put in Glossary Culture –The way of life of a group of people, including language, religion, food, art, etc. Cultural Diffusion –The spread of culture from one region to another (e.g., McDonald’s, from the US to half the countries in the world)

7. Cultural Vocabulary: Put in Glossary Cultural Diversity –The variety of culture within a region (e.g., Africa has over 1000 languages) Ethnocentrism –The belief your culture is superior (best); judging other cultures by your own standards

8. Government Purposes: order; safety; organization; security Types: Examples –Monarchy – rule by king, queen, etc.; can be constitutional (limited power) or absolute (unlimited power) –Democracy: rule by the people (citizens) directly (ancient Greece) or indirectly, through representatives (modern republics)

9. Economics The study of how a nation uses its scarce (limited) resources to satisfy unlimited wants and needs Resources: The 4 Factors of Production –Capital (money and tools) –Entrepreneurs (people who start businesses) –Land (natural resources) –Labor (workers)

10. Economics, cont’d Types of economic systems –Market (people own businesses) –Command (government controls businesses) –Mixed (blends market and command) –Traditional (run according to customs/religion)