1. The Constitution 1/19/2012

2. Clearly Communicated Learning Objectives Upon completion of this course, students will be able to: – understand and interpret the United States Constitution and apply it to present policy dilemmas. – understand why our national government works and why the American system of government is unique.

3. Opportunities to Discuss Course Content Today 12-2 (In a meeting from 11-12) Monday 10-12 Free Constitutions for anyone who stops by

4. Readings The Constitution Federalist 10

5. EVENTS LEADING UP TO THE CONVENTION The Failure of the Articles

6. The Country is Crumbling No economic stability No order People and States were unwilling to relinquish their freedom for order

7. A strong government needed to rescue the "American empire from disunion, anarchy and misery”. A Hamilton

8. The Annapolis Convention what if you have a party and no one comes? Adjourns without any accomplishments

9. The Rebellion Danny SchayesDaniel Shayes

10. THE U.S. CONSTITUTION A Second Try at A Social Contract

11. Why a Convention? “for the sole and express purpose of revising the Articles of Confederation”

12. Dream Teams 19921787

13. The Problems How to Maintain order and to pay for it The concentration of power and representation Economics and Foreign Policy Slavery Powers of the States

14. The Solution: Maintaining Order The power to Tax The power to Raise an Army The Creation of an Executive

15. The Solution: Representation

16. The Solution: Republicanism

17. The Solution: Checks and Balances

18. The Solution: Logrolling Slavery A Strong Slavery Policy Representation Slave Trade and Taxing of Slaves Economic Regulation A Strong Commerce Policy War Debts Currency Trade within states and between the U.S. and other Nations

19. The Solution: Federalism The states gave up some of their freedoms in exchange for order. A division of power between the government and regional units (states). Powers of Federal Government are enumerated.

20. WAS THE DOCUMENT TOO POWERFUL?

21. Things that Scared the States The supremacy clause (Article VI). The U.S. law is the supreme law of the land. Specific Limits on what the states can and cannot do (Article I, Section 10) The Necessary and Proper clause (Article I, Section 8) The creation of an executive, with the power to oversee a potentially enormous bureaucracy.

22. General Complaints The Articles needed minor adjustments The states are giving up a lot The executive

23. The Document Lacked a Bill of Rights

24. THE BATTLE FOR RATIFICATION

25. The Rules The Constitution states that "ratification of the CONVENTIONS of nine States shall be sufficient for the Establishment of this Constitution". The Constitution was sent to the states, and immediately two opposing camps evolved

26. The Federalists Who Were They What was their goal

27. The Anti-Federalists Who Were they Why were they disadvantaged?

28. The Federalist Papers A media campaign of 85 editorials Published in New York Newspapers

29. The Federalist 10

30. The Compromise The Federalists promised that a Bill of Rights would be added to the Constitution. The main purpose of these amendments was to specify the list of protections for individual rights.

31. The Bill of Rights Addresses Freedoms – Amendment 1 – Amendment 2 – Amendment 9 – Amendment 10 Equality – Amendment 4 – Amendment 5 – Amendment 6 – Amendment 7 – Amendment 8 Order – Amendment 3