1. Geography Economics Politics –Slide 1Slide 1 –Slide 2Slide 2 Resources Religion Society & Culture Science & Technology -Slide 1Slide 1 -Slide 2Slide 2 Ancient Egypt

2. Resources Videos Vocabulary Teacher Presentation List Fill-in the blank – student version Left Side Assignments

3. Theme: Geography I.Settled by the Nile River A.Flooded, provided silt (Nile Delta 2/3 farms) B.Fertile soil, irrigation, for farming C.Stable food supply (surplus) D.Provided for division of labor and civilization II.Provided Natural Barriers (protection from invaders/enemies) A.Deserts (Western, Eastern) B.Cataracts (rapids) on Nile River C.Water (Red, Mediterranean Seas) 2R Like Mesopotamia

4. Theme: Economics I.Nile River – important trade route A. Traded with Nubia for gold, copper, ivory, slaves, stone B. Traded with Syria for wood II.Taxes A. Scribes did not pay taxes – became wealthy B. Farmers had to give crops to the pharaoh as taxes C. Taxes were used to build pyramids III.Military conquests make Egypt rich A. Assyrian, Babylonian, Hittite Kings sent gifts to maintain good relations with Egypt IV.Growth of Trade A. Sinai Peninsula had turquoise & copper B. Queen Hatshepsut traded with Punt, Greece, and Asia Minor 3R

5. Theme: Politics I. King Menes A. First Pharaoh of Egypt B. Unified Upper & Lower Egypt in 3100 B.C. C. Egypt could be a larger, more powerful country! 4R II.Old Kingdom A. 2700 - 2200 B.C. B. Khufu’s pyramid built III.Middle Kingdom A. 2050 – 1750 B.C. B. Stable government IV.New Kingdom A. 1550-1050 B.C. B. Height of Egypt’s power & glory

6. Theme: Politics C. Queen Hatshepsut 1.Expanded trade routes 2. Used money to support arts & architecture 3. By expanding trade routes, she increased Egypt’s wealth & power D. Ramses the Great(Ramses II) 1. fought Hittites, strengthened western borders, defeated Tehenu 2. Increased Egypt’s size & built monuments 3. The “last great pharaoh” of Egypt 4. By building monuments, he helped Egypt’s culture live on V. Kush A. 700’s B.C. B. Conquered Egypt and established a new dynasty! VI.Assyrians A. Took over in 670’s B.C.

7. Theme: Religion I.Polytheistic (believed in many gods & goddesses) A. temples, shrines to worship B. Pharaoh considered a living god! C. Focused on afterlife (life after death) D. “ka” – a person’s life force E. preserved bodies as mummies F. Rules – make the pharaoh’s spirit happy to have your own happy afterlife!! 5R

8. Theme: Society & Culture I.Social Hierarchy A. Pharaoh 1. absolute power over Egypt 2. both a king & a god 3. blamed if crops did not grow or disease struck B. Upper Class 1. priests, government officials, nobles C. Middle Class 1. scribes, craftspeople a. craftspeople’s jobs included: sculptors, builders, carpenters, jewelers, metalworkers, leatherworkers, architects, artists 2. merchants, traders, soldiers D. Lower Class 1. farmers, servants, slaves 2. over 80% of the population!! 6R

9. Theme: Science & Technology I.Pyramids A. Khufu’s largest B. Skilled engineering C. symbolized importance of pharaoh & afterlife II.Hieroglyphics A. One of world’s first writing systems B. 600 symbols C. Rosetta Stone helped scholars decipher D. Many texts still exist 7R

10. Theme: Science & Technology 7R III. Temples A. religious, gods, afterlife B. Karnak – Ramses the Great IV. Art A. Filled tombs of pharaoh to enjoy in afterlife B. In temples, religious C. Paintings, carvings, jewelry