2. Introduction 1. English is ever-changing. 2.What is acceptable grammar for spoken English might not be the same as what is expected for written English. 3.Teachers often think of English grammar in more difficult and complicated terms than students. 4.English grammar is complicated. No one knows it all.

3. What Is Grammar?  Grammar is the rules, forms, functions and structure of a language  When learning a piece of grammar, students need to know its:  Structure  Meaning  Usage

4. Activity 1 Running Dictation / Find My Partner

5. Be Effective!  Be clear: Use simple explanations  Be efficient: keep explanations short to allow more time for practice  Be memorable: Use real-life situations  Be lively and interesting: Personalization will increase retention  Be appropriate: Use suitable examples for the age group  Be productive: Practice in as many ways as possible

6. Activity 2 Fun Ways to Drill Grammar

7. Presentation Methods CRA Clarification and Focus Teaching the structure, meaning and usage Restricted Use Students use a specific set of examples of the grammar point to practice Example activities – oral drilling, focused conversations, focused stories, guided writing, listening comprehension Authentic Use Open, free and natural use of the language. Example activities – free conversations, discussions, free writing, newspaper and magazine articles

8. Activity 3 Information Gap / Find the Differences

9. Presentation Methods 5 Step Method 1. Review - Review the previous pattern 2. Teach – Teach the new pattern (structure, meaning, usage) 3. Group Practice / Choral- drilling 4. Pair Practice / Individual Practice 5. Activities and Games – Student-Centered and Authentic Use Activities

10. Techniques  Timelines  Diagrams  Personalization  Symbols - mapping  Charts  Visual cues  Substitutions  Pictures  Colors These techniques can help students to understand and remember grammar better:

11. Demo Watch the trainer do a short demo. Tick the boxes for the things you see the trainer do in the demo.  Review  Teach  Group Practice  Pair Practice / Individual Practice  Activity – student centered  Timeline  Substitutions  Personalization  Colors  Mapping

12. Common Mistakes What are some common grammar mistakes your students make? What grammar points are difficult to understand and use? What suggestions or tips do you give your students to help them improve their grammar?

13. Activity 4 Thermometer