1. How do Scientists Think?
Chapter 1: Introduction to Physical Science
Mrs. Butler’s
Physical Science Class
Aim: What is Physical Science?
How do Scientists Think?
Scientists use the skills of observing, inferring, and predicting to learn more about the natural world

2. Observing: using one or more senses to gather information
Qualitative observations=
descriptions that do not involve numbers or measurements
Quantitative observations=
are measurements

3. Inferring: interpreting or explaining the reasons for your observations
Predicting:
making a forecast of what will happen in the future based on past experience or evidence

4. The Study of Matter and Energy
Physical Science is the study of matter, energy, and the changes they undergo.
So what is matter?
So what is energy?
Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass.
Energy is the ability to do work or cause a change.

5. Physical Science is divided into two main areas
Chemistry- the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes
Physics- the study of matter and energy and how they interact

6. Aim: Scientific Inquiry
The process of Inquiry
Posing questions
developing hypotheses
designing experiments
collecting data
interpreting data
drawing conclusions
communicating ideas and results

7. What is a hypothesis?
A hypothesis is a possible answer to a scientific question or explanation for a set of observations.
Researchers must be able to carry out investigations and gather evidence that will either support or disprove the hypothesis

8. How do scientists test their hypothesis?
Begin experiment by determining variables
Variables are factors that can change in an experiment. In a well designed experiment only one variable is purposely changed
Manipulated variable: the variable that is changed (by the scientist)(also known as independent variable)
Responding Variable: the variable that is expected to change because the manipulative variable changed (also known as the dependent variable)
Controlled Experiment an investigation in which all variables except one remain the same.

9. PHSchool.com
Scientists use models and develop laws and theories to increase people’s understanding of the natural world.
Scientific law is a statement that describes what scientists expect to happen every time under a particular set of conditions.
Scientific theory is a well-tested explanation for a wide range of observations or experimental results.
Complete worksheet review and reinforce 1-2 scientific Inquiry in class (10 minutes)

10. Lab Safety:
Behavior LISTEN AND FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS
What to do in case of an accident
Broken glass and equipment
Goggles, Aprons, gloves, shoes
Materials: respect, pick up, and put away
Fire: Long Hair, Ties
Do NOT touch or experiment on your own without my approval
Procedures during lab time
Lab Rubric
Homework: Read section 1-3, Complete worksheets 1-3 review and reinforce;
return signed safety sheets

11. Aim: What is Technology?
Technology is a way of changing the natural world to meet human needs or solve problems
An Engineer is someone who is trained to use both technology and scientific knowledge to solve problems.

12. The Technology Design Process
Identify the need
Research the problem
Design a solution (brainstorm, constraints, trade-trade offs)
Build a prototype
Troubleshoot and redesign
Communicate the solution
correct: 1-3 review and reinforce

13. Technology and Society
Technology as a System
How would you describe a system?
Something made up of parts that work together
A technological system includes a goal, inputs, processes, outputs, and, in some cases, feedback.
They are designed to achieve a particular goal, or purpose.
Technology and Society
How has technology affected our society?
View on line Discovery School Video Field trip Intro. to Physical Science.