1. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir1 Doctoral Thesis Title and Author A Systemic-Holistic Approach to Academic Programmes In IT Security Presented By Louise Yngström Stockholm University, October 1996

2. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir2 Overview Structural Organization Methodology & Approach used The Systemic-Holistic Model Adherence to Research and Reporting Guidelines Summary and Conclusion

3. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir3 Structural Organization Comprises of 6 Chapters Chapter 1: Problem, Idea & Approach Chapter 2: Thoughts & Background Chapter 3: Systemic-Holistic Model Chapter 4: Two Educational Programmes Chapter 5: Interdisciplinary & Holistic Chapter 6: Suggestions for further studies

4. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir4 Structural Organization The research Problem The Thesis attempts to discuss some of the problems associated with how to understand the concept of Security in relation to IT –A problem of language –Confidentiality, Integrity & Availability –Information vs Data –IT Security Criteria, etc

5. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir5 Structural Organization Study Rationale The reason for undertaking this research was to try and find the best way to address or define the aspects of IT Security Centrally, hence to get rid of the confusions and Misunderstandings in grasping Security. Also to develop an Interdisciplinary IT Security Model

6. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir6 Structural Organization Hypothesis “The subjective models produced through General Systems Theory and Cybernetics make students understand IT security banking problems, although their practical banking experiences are restricted to being customers”

7. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir7 Structural Organization The students, with theoretical and practical backgrounds from computing, business and libraries, used the concepts of general systems and Cybernetics to transform objective models into subjective models useful also for understanding problems involved with IT Security.

8. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir8 Structural Organization She used “System” as an epistemological device to describe organisms as wholes, and showed that it could be generalised and applied to wholes of any kind Cybernetics is a philosophy and a science concerned with the control or regulation of information flow within and between systems, whether human or machine.

9. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir9 Methodology & Approach used Action-oriented and explorative approach The work included the design, implementation and evaluations of courses and programmes, their content and structure, theory, methodology and approach. It is both Qualitative & Quantitative

10. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir10 The Systemic-Holistic Model In 1970’s Computer Science and Law took initiative to regulate the development, use, operation, and management of safe and secure IT structures

11. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir11 The Systemic-Holistic Model Although both areas were driven by the technical developments and the new applications made, developments of regulatory and protective measurements and mechanisms were initially conducted in parallel, rather than interactively, between computer science and law.

12. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir12 The Systemic-Holistic Model The model relies on three main building blocks: General Systems Theory including Cybernetics ( Ontological & Epistemological ) Soft System Methodology ( Engineering or hard systems thinking & Systemic or Soft systems thinking) - Problems Solved by systematic methods & Systemic methods respectively General Living Systems Theory ( Ontological entity)

13. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir13 The Systemic-Holistic Model Context Orientation (geographical/space and time bound “system point” Level of abstraction (Design/architecture, Theory/model, Physical construction Content subject areas (Technical and Non-technical aspects) Fig. 1: Overview of the framework and methodology for Security Informatics - the Systemic-Holistic Model Systemic Module -an epistemological device -meta-science -criteria for control

14. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir14 The Systemic-Holistic Model Information Security Administrative (Procedural security) IT Security ADP (Computer security) Communications security Fig. 2: The Definition of Information Security [ITS 1994, p. 7]

15. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir15 The Systemic-Holistic Model An interdisciplinary area encompassing theories and methods for secure handling of information within organizations or technical systems. The area also contains the use of information technology as means for security and safety in social, socio- technical, and technical environments [ITS 1994, p. 14] Security Informatics was defined as:

16. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir16 The Systemic-Holistic Model Schoderbek defined the concept “System” as “A set of objects together with relationships between the objects and between their attributes related to each other and to their environment so as to form a whole” [ Schoderbek et al. 1990 p. 13 ]

17. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir17 The Systemic-Holistic Model InputsProcessesOutputs Feedback Controls To Environment and other Systems System’s boundary Fig. 3: An open system [Schoderbek et al. 1990 p. 25]

18. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir18 Adherence to Research and Reporting Guidelines The author has adhered to the research and reporting guidelines in that: Clearly defined a problem Stated the hypothesis Stated the research rationale Chapters well organized Simple and understandable language

19. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir19 Adherence to Research and Reporting Guidelines Defined all key terminology Evidence communicated Visually –Tables –Charts –Graphs, and –Figures

20. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir20 Summary and Conclusion The Model is based on Cybernetics and general systems theories It consists of a framework & epistemology Taken together they are called the “Systemic-Holistic Model. When in use, it is called the “Systemic- Holistic Approach”

21. June 6, 2001By: Respickius Casmir21 End of Presentation Thank you all!