1. United States and Canadian History

2. 2.1 Exploration and Colonization
1400’s
Native American lived on North American continent
Adapted to their environment
Eastern U.S. and Canada – hunted deer , small animals and farmed
Midwest – Hunted large herds of bison on Great Plains
Southwest & West – hunted and gathered
All pushed off of their land, died from disease and fighting the whites

4. European Colonization
1500s
Spain – settle Florida- St. Augustine
Sweden- settled what today is Delaware
France- settled along the St. Lawrence River today this area is Quebec
England- Jamestown, Virginia and Plymouth, Massachusetts

5. What were settlements like?
Small
People usually farmed, traded furs or did craft work
Most had strong religious beliefs
Slavery is brought to colonies because they needed workers
European nations began to compete and this caused colonist to fight for control
Great Britain eventually controls most of North America, except Mexico

7. 2.2 Settling Quebec New France- 1534
Founded by Jacques Cartier in the St. Lawrence River valley
Montreal becomes a major trading post
Set up fur trade with Native Americans- very profitable- beaver hats and fur coats
1600 Samuel de Champlain built Quebec, becomes 1st major settlement of New France
1672 – Louis Jolliet & Jacque Marquette explore Mississippi River

8. What got in their way? Most people were farmers
Climate – cold with a short growing season
Soil was not rich and very rocky
British competed for land and profitable trade
Problems cause New France to be a small settlement with mostly men( voyageurs)
Missionaries sent to convince the Native Americans to accept Christianity
SO- British eventually gain control, but let Quebec retain its French culture

10. Great Britain in New France
What did they want
- to control a larger area
- established a major settlement – Quebec
-Wanted profits from the fur trade
What got in their way?
-Needed French loyalty in colonies to off set problems in their own colonies
Didn’t have good relations with Native Americans
SO- British use French to trade with natives, but also let them keep French culture in Quebec (Quebec Act)

11. 2.3 Revolution & Independence

12. Trouble in the Colonies
British government passes a laws requiring colonist to pay taxes
Colonist angered, no representation in the government
1773
Boston Tea Party- colonist dump tea into Boston harbor
British government passes intolerable acts
1775
Violence erupts at Lexington and Concord
Revolutionary war begins

15. Independence 1776 1781 Declaration of Independence is written
Explains why they are declaring independence
List grievances against the King
Asks France for help
1781
British surrender at Yorktown
Washington surprises the British by surrounding them on land and by sea(French navy)

17. Treaty of Paris- 1783
Recognized the United States as an independent nation
Sets borders of U.S.-
Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River
Border between Canada and U.S.
Border to the South –stops at Florida
Ends the revolutionary War

19. Lasting Effects of our Revolution
France suffered economic trouble because of aid given to U.S.
American revolution becomes the example for revolutions in Haiti, Central America and France
Many loyal British subjects move to Canada
Strained relations with the British government

20. United States Constitution

21. 2.4 U.S. Constitution Based on 5 Principles Federalism
Certain powers to the federal government and certain powers to the states
Separation of Powers
Power divided among the 3 branches
Checks and balances
Each branch has certain powers and can check the power of the other branches
Limited government
Individual rights and state governments can limit the federal governments power
Democracy
Government based on the rights and equality of every citizen

22. U.S. Government 3 Branches Legislative Executive Judicial
House of Representatives- 435 members
Senate- 100 members
Executive
President
Vice president
Cabinet- 15 departments
Judicial
Chief Justice and Associate Justices- 9 members