1. MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA

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History Of Multimedia
What can we say about the evolution of media that has taken place for thousands of years?
Since the dawn of time, people have had the need to communicate with one another
This created what we called as communication media

3. Multimedia The notion of Multimedia Consists of two words:
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Multimedia
The notion of Multimedia
Consists of two words:
Multi (Latin)= many; much;
Medium (Latin) = An intervening substance through which something is transmitted or carried on.

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What is Multimedia?
Multimedia can be any combination of text, graphics, sound, animation and video, to effectively communicate ideas to users delivered by computer or any other electronic devices.

5. What is Multimedia? (Other definition)
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What is Multimedia? (Other definition)
‘Multimedia is any combination of text, art, sound, animation, and video. It is delivered to the user by electronic or digitally manipulated means. A multimedia project development requires creative, technical, organizational, and business skills.’
Tay Vaughan
Multimedia : Making it work 7th Ed.

6. What is Multimedia? (Other definition)
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What is Multimedia? (Other definition)
‘“Multimedia is the presentation of a (usually interactive) computer application, incorporating media elements such as text, graphics, video, animation and sound on computer.”
Stephen McGloughlin
Multimedia: Concepts & Practice

7. Elements of Multimedia
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Multimedia Building Block
Digital environment
USER
Elements of Multimedia

8. Why Multimedia? Ease of use Intuitive Interface Immersive experience
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Why Multimedia?
Ease of use
Intuitive Interface
Immersive experience
Self-paced interaction and better retention
Better understanding
Cost effectiveness
More fun = greater efficiency

9. Multimedia has a number of distinct and unique features, including:
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Multimedia has a number of distinct and unique features, including:
Based on Edgar Dale (Cone Of Learning), on average, people remember:
10% of what they read,
20% of what they hear,
30% of what they see,
50% of what they hear and see,  multimedia approach
multimedia rich elements, multi-sensory delivery system can facilitate greater retention of new knowledge

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11. Types of Multimedia Linear Multimedia Nonlinear/Interactive Multimedia
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Types of Multimedia
Linear Multimedia
Users have very little control over the presentation
Nonlinear/Interactive Multimedia
Users dictate the flow of delivery. User control the flow of the show.

12. Types of Multimedia: (1)Linear Multimedia
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Types of Multimedia: (1)Linear Multimedia
The users sit back and watches the presentation
The presentation normally plays from the start to end or even loops continually to present the information.
A movie is a common type of linear multimedia

13. Types of Multimedia: (2)Interactive Multimedia
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Types of Multimedia: (2)Interactive Multimedia
The users control the delivery of elements – to control the what and when. Users have the ability to move around or follow different path through the information presentation.
Advantage: complex domain of information can be presented.
Disadvantage: users might lost in the massive “information highway”.
Useful for: information archive (encyclopedia), education, training and entertainment.

14. What is a Multimedia Project?
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What is a Multimedia Project?
The software vehicle, the messages, and the content together constitute a multimedia project.
A multimedia project shipped to end-users with or without instructions is called a multimedia title.
A project can also be launched on the Web.
Authoring tools are used to merge multimedia elements into a project.
These software tools are designed to manage individual multimedia elements and provide user interaction.

15. Delivering and Using Multimedia
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Delivering and Using Multimedia
The primary media for delivering multimedia projects are:
Compact disc read-only (CD-ROM).
Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) / Blu-ray Disc
Multimedia Projects can also be delivered online (webs) and through PDAs/Hand-held Devices

16. Delivering and Using Multimedia : (1) CD-ROM
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Delivering and Using Multimedia : (1) CD-ROM
CD-ROM is the most cost-effective distribution medium for multimedia projects.
It can contain up to 80 minutes of full-screen video or sound.
CD burners are used for reading discs and converting the discs to audio, video, and data formats.

17. Delivering and Using Multimedia : (2) DVD / Blu-ray
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Delivering and Using Multimedia : (2) DVD / Blu-ray
Multilayered DVD technology increases the capacity of current optical technology to 18 GB.
DVD authoring and integration software is used to create interactive front-end menus for films and games.
DVD burners are used for reading discs and converting the disc to audio, video, and data formats.
BD – Blu-ray disc (Blu-ray Disc Association BDA)
next-generation format for high-definition video and high-density data.
A single-layer disc can fit 23.3, 25, or 27 GB (enough for approximately four hours of high-definition video with audio)
supports 25GB for one layer, 50GB for two and 100GB for four

18. Delivering and Using Multimedia (3) Online
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Delivering and Using Multimedia (3) Online
Multimedia can be delivered online
Copper wire, glass fiber, and radio/cellular technologies also serve a means for delivering multimedia files across a network
Online uses include:
Books and magazines, Education
Movies, Entertainment
News and weather
Maps

19. Application of Multimedia
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Application of Multimedia
Business and Industry
Virtual Shopping
Desktop Videoconferencing
Real estate
Training
Electronic Brochures

20. Application of Multimedia
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Application of Multimedia
Entertainment
Morphing
Superimposition
Animation
Toy Story
Virtual Reality

21. Application of Multimedia
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Application of Multimedia
Education
Cognitive vs Behavior Psychology
Art
Biology
Chemistry etc.
WebCt and online delivery

22. Application of Multimedia
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Application of Multimedia
Entertainment
Cinema
morphing
Superimposition
Animation
Digital Recasting
Video games
Interactive Movies
Virtual Reality
Cyber-Sports

23. Government and Politics
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Application of Multimedia
Government and Politics
Kiosks
Electronic Town Meetings
Internet
Warfare
Virtual campaigning
Consumer information
Encyclopedia Resources

24. Application of Multimedia
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Application of Multimedia
Medicine and Nursing
Medical Training
Anatomy and Physiology
Virtual Surgery
Videoconferencing Network
Online Resources

25. Application Development Packages
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Application of Multimedia
Application Development Packages
Presentation Packages
Hypermedia Programs
Animation and Multimedia Sequencing
Authoring Systems
World Wide Web

26. Applications of Multimedia
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Applications of Multimedia
Examples of Multimedia Applications:
Digital video editing and production systems
Electronic Newspapers/Magazines
Games
Groupware
Home shopping
Interactive TV
Multimedia courseware
Video conferencing
Video-on-Demand (VoD)
Virtual reality

27. Multimedia System Characteristics
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Multimedia System Characteristics
Multimedia systems must be computer controlled.
All multimedia components are integrated.
The interface to the final user may permit interactivity.
Information must be represented digitally.

28. Overlapping Technologies
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Overlapping Technologies
Different branches of multimedia grow together because of new, upcoming multimedia technology and applications.
Two challenges lie ahead:
Timing requirements (synchronization etc.)
Integration requirements (of different media types)

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Summary
Multimedia is the combination of text, graphics, sound, animation and video, to effectively communicate ideas to users delivered by computer.
Multimedia projects can be linear or nonlinear.
Multimedia projects are often stored on CD-ROM or DVDs. They can also be hosted on the Web.
Multimedia is widely used in business, schools, public places, and at home.

30. Hardware Vaughan’s One-way Rule
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Hardware
Vaughan’s One-way Rule
“Once you’ve tried it, you can’t go back”
(Vaughan, 2001)
Sullivan’s Observation
“I have never meet a hard drive I haven’t filled” (Sullivan, 1996)

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Platforms
Mac PC
Linux

32. Connections Networks – Wireless or Wired? Servers SCSI – USB
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Connections
Networks – Wireless or Wired?
LANS
WANS
Servers
SCSI –
80 Mbps
USB
USB Mbps (supports 127 peripheral devices) 1996
USB 2.0 – 480 Mbps (compatible with 1.1) 2000
Firewire –
400 Mbps to 800 Mbps (IEEE 1394) guaranteed rate good for video and real-time data

33. Communication Modem – 56 Mbps
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Communication
Modem – 56 Mbps
DSL – 32 Mbps upstream and 32 Kbps to 1 Mbps downstream -20,000 ft.
Cable – 2 Mbps
T1 - A dedicated phone connection supporting data rates of Mbits per second. A T-1 line actually consists of 24 individual channels, each of which supports 64Kbits per second.
T3 - A dedicated phone connection supporting data rates of Mbits per second. A T-1 line actually consists of 24 individual channels, each of which supports 64Kbits per second.
Coaxial – 10 Mbps
Fiber Optic - Gigabytes

34. Memory and Storage Central Processor RAM vs ROM Zip & Hard Drives
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Memory and Storage
Central Processor
RAM vs ROM
Zip & Hard Drives
CD’s - Burners
DVD’s +, -
DVD Burners

35. Memory
Memory required to store a 5 by 7 inch snapshot with different precisions
Dots/inch resolution of snapshot image
Bytes required for storage
100
1.05 Mb
300
9.45 Mb
600
37.8 Mb
1200
151.2 Mb
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36. Input Devices Multimedia Keyboards Mice, Trackballs, Touch screens
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Input Devices
Multimedia Keyboards
Mice, Trackballs, Touch screens
Magnetic Card Encoders and Readers
Graphic Tablets
Scanners
OCR Devices
Infrared Remotes
Voice Recognition Systems
Digital Cameras

37. Output Devices Audio Devices Amplifiers and Speakers Monitors
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Output Devices
Audio Devices
Amplifiers and Speakers
Monitors
Video Devices
Projectors
Luminance
Chrominance
Printers

38. Multimedia Accessories
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Multimedia Accessories
Video Overlay: allows a computer to display common video sources including video cameras, VCR’s and video disc simultaneously.
Multiple inputs, frame grab, TV tuner, Video for Windows, Memory conflicts, Video adapter compatibility
Check PC World
Digital Video
TV Tuner
MIDI - MIDI kit by Midisoft
laptops
VideoDisc

39. Software that enables Multimedia
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Software that enables Multimedia
System Software OS
Utilities
Networking
Development Software
Graphics
Sound
Text
Web Developing
Multimedia Authoring
Delivery Software
Stand-Alone Programs
Players

40. System Software Written specifically to control its CPU
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System Software
Written specifically to control its CPU
Unique to the CPU brand and model
Written in or translated into the machine language of the CPU
Used to run computer
Utilities
To play sound
Print the screen image
Eventually became operational extensions of OS
Important consideration when choosing OS

41. Painting and Drawing Tools
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Painting and Drawing Tools
Most multimedia authoring programs, at least for now, import bitmaps.
Painting Software (bitmap)
PhotoShop, PicturePublisher, and Fractal Designer
Drawing Software (vector)
CorelDraw, FreeHand, Illustrator, Designer, and Canvas
Macromedia’s Flash vector
Fireworks

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Image-editing Tools
Are specialized and powerful tools for enhancing and retouching, existing bitmapped images
PaintShop Pro & PhotoShop
Plug-ins
Vertigo’s HotTEXT lets you turn text into 3-D objects
EyeCandy
Kai’s power tools
Xaos tool’s paint alchemy

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3-D Modeling
Extreme 3-D, 3d/fx, AutoDesk’s 3D Studio Max, StrataVision’s 3D, Infini-D, etc.
Bryce
Poser
Examples, anyone?

44. Sound Applications Sound Editing Sound Playback Sound Recorder
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Sound Applications
Sound Editing
Sound Recorder
Sound Forge
SoundEdit
MIDI
Sound Playback
Windows Media Player
QuickTime
Real Player
WinAmp

45. Animation, Video and Digital Movie Tools
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Animation, Video and Digital Movie Tools
Animation and the perception of motion
QuickTime, Microsoft’s video for windows, Adobe Premiere,
Morphing
Video formats avi, mov, mpeg
Movie editors – decoders – Targa boards 30+, Adobe after effects, Pinnacle boards
Compression, Image quality, Compress/decompres speed
Lossless or lossy

46. Linking Multimedia Objects
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Linking Multimedia Objects
DDE & ole
Office suites
Presentation tools
Astound
Persuasion
PowerPoint
DeltaGraph professional
Harvard graphics

47. Networking Software Network Hardware Protocols
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Networking Software
Network Hardware Protocols
Ethernet
Token Ring
ATM
Message Passing Protocols
HTTP
SMTP
AppleTalk
TCP/IP
IPX/SPX
SNA

48. Web Development Authoring Tools Languages Microsoft FrontPage
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Web Development
Authoring Tools
Microsoft FrontPage
Macromedia’s Dreamweaver
Adobe’s GoLive
Languages
JavaScript
Visual Basic

49. Helpful Accessories Screen Grabber PaintShop Pro Capture SnapPro
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Helpful Accessories
Screen Grabber
PaintShop Pro
Capture
SnapPro
Hijaak 95