1. Communication and Its Components
Chapter One
Communication and Its Components

2. What is Communication?
Communication is a process of transmitting and receiving verbal and nonverbal messages.

3. What is Communication? … Cont’d
Communication is considered effective when it achieves the desired response from the receiver.
Simple stated, communication is a two-way process of exchanging ideas or information.

4. Verbal communication Oral Written
Verbal Communication refers to the spoken or written words you send or receive.
Oral
Written
Videoconferences
Presentations
Phone calls
Meetings
One-on-one conversations
Miscellaneous
Reports
Letters
Memorandums

5. Nonverbal communication
Nonverbal communication refers to messages without the use of words.
1. Body Language
2. Facial Expressions
3. Vocal Cues
Volume
Rate
Pitch
Volume
Rate
Pitch
Appearance
Eye Contact
Posture چگونگی
4. Space and Time
Gesture اشاره
Touch

6. Body Language is Everybody’s First Language
From birth, before learning to speak, humans develop body language skills
Specifically, ATTENTION is what we learn first
Crying, making noise, and sudden movements are all babies’ attempts to gain attention 6

7. Legs & Feet
In Asia and some European countries, putting feet up on a desk or any other piece of furniture is very disrespectful.
Sitting cross-legged, while common in North America and some European countries, is very impolite in other parts of the world.

8. Hands
The Italian “good-bye” wave can be interpreted by Americans as the gesture of “come here.”
The American “good-bye” wave can be interpreted in many parts of Europe and Latin America as the signal for “no.”
For greeting and farewell
Handshaking

9. Hands Friends put hands on each other to show closeness.
Hand-holding among the same sex is a custom of special friendship and respect in several Middle Eastern and Asian countries.

10. Hands
Right hand. The right hand has special significance in many societies. In certain countries in the Middle East and in Asia, it is best to present business cards or gifts, or to pass dishes of food, to get an attention, using only the right hand or both.
Left hand is considered unclean in much of the Middle East and in parts of Indonesia.

11. Fingers
The “O.K.” signal. (the thumb and forefinger form a circle) means
“fine,” or “O.K.” in most cultures,
“zero” or “worthless” in some parts of Europe
“money” in Japan
an insult in Greece, Brazil, Italy, Turkey, Russia and some other countries

12. Fingers
Pointing.
Pointing with the index finger is common in North America and Europe.
But it is considered impolite in Japan and China where they favor using the whole open hand.
Malaysians prefer pointing with the thumb.

13. Warming up What is the feeling of the baby? smile cry happy fear
surprise
angry

14. Warming up II
Match each picture with the emotion and correct sentence.

15. Communication is Complex
There are various reasons why communication is complex:
Communication is More Than Speaking and Listening
Communication is Transactional
Person One Person Two
Speaking Listening
Listening Speaking
Communication Depends on Feedback
Feedback refers to the verbal and nonverbal messages listeners send that tells speakers how they are doing.
There are various reasons why communication is complex:
Communication is More Than Speaking and Listening
Communication is Transactional
Person One Person Two
Speaking Listening
Listening Speaking
Communication Depends on Feedback
Feedback refers to the verbal and nonverbal messages listeners send that tells speakers how they are doing.
There are various reasons why communication is complex:
Communication is More Than Speaking and Listening
Communication is Transactional
Person One Person Two
Speaking Listening
Listening Speaking
Communication Depends on Feedback
Feedback refers to the verbal and nonverbal messages listeners send that tells speakers how they are doing.

16. Communication is Complex
There are various reasons why communication is complex:
Communication is Blocked by Interference
“Interference or Noise” refers to something that blocks a listener’s ability to receive a message.
External interference such as loud music, or car. Internal interference such as personal worries, daydreaming, or physical illness.
Communication Occurs in a Context
Context refers to the situation in which you are communicating.
You will adapt your messages to time, place, occasion, and people involved. You will consider listener’s culture and expectations.

17. Components of Communication
Communication includes six components:
Context
Sender-Encoder
Message
Medium
Receiver-Decoder
Feedback

18. Medium