1. 1 CP586 © Peter Lo 2003 Multimedia Communication Standards and Delivery Methods

2. CP586 © Peter Lo 20032 Definition of Multimedia The interactive use of audio, still image, graphics, animation, text and motion video.

3. CP586 © Peter Lo 20033 Industry Standards The multimedia industry is extremely competitive and develops a variety of new hardware and software on a regular basis. It is not uncommon for developers to create different solutions to the one problem. Standards offer the advantage of making products readily interchangeable, increasing competition, consistent file formats and reduced training.

4. CP586 © Peter Lo 20034 What are Standards? A definition or format that has been approved by a recognised standards organisation or is accepted as a de facto standard by the industry. That which is established by authority as a rule for the design and measure of quantity, extent, value, or quality.

5. CP586 © Peter Lo 20035 Why use standards? Multimedia applications depend on the operating system and hardware far more than other types of software. Without standards it would be impossible to develop multimedia applications. The primary benefit of standards is to make hardware and applications that run on any platform and operating system that is designed to recognise that standard.

6. CP586 © Peter Lo 20036 Standard Organisations ANSI: American National Standards Institute. IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers. ISO: International Standards Organisation. VESA: Video Electronics Standards Association.

7. CP586 © Peter Lo 20037 Computer Architecture Processor: Intel Pentium, AMD and IBM. Memory: RAM, ROM and HDD. Input: Keyboard, mouse and microphone. Output: Projection device, high resolution monitor, speakers, amplifier and printer. Control: Operating system, BIOS (Basic Input Output System) and software to control the program.

8. CP586 © Peter Lo 20038 Architecture Standards Standards help determine what is compatible to a particular platform. Standards are usually driven by market leaders and technological pioneers. Unfortunately, this does not mean that software or hardware is optimal in terms of speed or efficiency. However competition keeps prices down.

9. CP586 © Peter Lo 20039 Operation Systems (OS) A Operating System is a software program that helps the user interact with a computer. It controls the input, output and processing activities for a computer. Boot the machine (Load the OS into PC’s memory) Controls the resources of the computer included computer memory, file storage space and the computer processor (CPU). Provides an interface between the hardware and the user. Allows the computer to perform primitive operations on computer hardware and provide an abstract representation of these actions to the user. Helps all the hardware components communicate with each others. There are utility programs contained within OS that help you do things like copy file.

10. CP586 © Peter Lo 200310 Functions of an Operating System  start up the computer  administer security  control a network  access the Web  start up the computer  administer security  control a network  access the Web  monitor performance and provide housekeeping services  schedule jobs and configure devices  monitor performance and provide housekeeping services  schedule jobs and configure devices  manage memory  manage programs  provide user interface  manage memory  manage programs  provide user interface

11. CP586 © Peter Lo 200311 Where is the Operating System located? operating system resides on hard disk in most cases operating system resides on ROM in handhelds

12. CP586 © Peter Lo 200312 OS Interface Command Line Interfaces You must type in what you want the computer to do, and you must type it correctly. Graphic User Interface (GUI) A GUI let you click with the mouse to start a program or do other computer task.

13. CP586 © Peter Lo 200313 Booting Booting is a process of starting or restarting a computer Cold Boot: Process of turning on a computer after it has been powered off completely Warm boot: Process of restarting a computer that is already powered on cold boot Process of turning on a computer after it has been powered off completely warm boot Process of restarting a computer that is already powered on

14. CP586 © Peter Lo 200314 What messages display on the screen when you boot up? sound card and CD-ROM drivers loaded Windows message devices detected and tested total amount of memory BIOS version and copyright notice

15. CP586 © Peter Lo 200315 Multimedia Standards JPEG : The Joint Photographic Experts Group. MPEG : Moving Pictures Experts Group. QuickTime : Macintosh based video format. WAV : a digital sound file for windows. MIDI : Musical Instrument Digital Interface. AVI : A video file format for Windows.

16. CP586 © Peter Lo 200316 Delivery Platforms Multimedia applications can be delivered on a number of different platforms. The three most common methods of delivering multimedia applications are: CD ROM. The Internet or Intranet. DVD technology.

17. CP586 © Peter Lo 200317 Internet or Intranet The Internet is a revolution in information dissemination and communication. The Internet provides a method of distributing multimedia applications across a variety of platforms to a large audience. The Internet uses the HTML standard. Many companies distribute multimedia training material internally via an Intranet.

18. CP586 © Peter Lo 200318 CD ROM CD ROM : Compact Disk Read Only Memory. A CD is capable of storing between 500 and 680 MB of information. A CD ROM uses optical technology and lasers to read digital information. CD’s are extremely popular, cheap to produce and easy to distribute.

19. CP586 © Peter Lo 200319 DVD DVD : Stands for Digital Video Disk or Digital versatile Disk. DVD is the first video distribution medium designed for digital video. The smallest configuration will store 4.7 gigabytes of data (Approximately 7 times the capacity of a CD).

20. CP586 © Peter Lo 200320 DVD Like a CD, data is recorded on the disc in a spiral trail of tiny pits, and the discs are read using a laser beam. Larger storage capacity is achieved by making the pits smaller and the spiral tighter, and by recording the data in as many as four layers, two on each side of the disc.

21. CP586 © Peter Lo 200321 Software Drivers Software drivers are used to control specific hardware functions. There are a variety of software drivers for video cards, video and sound capture, scanners and miscellaneous I/O devices. Software drivers work in conjunction with the operating system to provide a set of standardised functions. (Eg. Record audio).

22. CP586 © Peter Lo 200322 References Multimedia, Technology and Applications (Ch. 3)