1. Planning an Applied Research Project Chapter 1 – Reading and Analyzing Research © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

2. Learning Objectives »Explain what a scholarly article is »Differentiate between CPR and LOAF elements of a scholarly article »Analyze the relative merits of various scholarly articles »Use various search engines to find scholarly articles »Identify an area of research interest »Describe the various types of interviews © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

3. Key Terms »Applications »Blind reviewed »Context »Findings »Limitations »Mixed methods »Opportunities »Purpose »Qualitative research »Quantitative research »Peer review »Research design »Scholarly journal »White paper © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

4. Industry Articles and Reports »Professional associations, private firms, governmental and nongovernmental agencies, and trade magazines publish useful research information ˃ American Society for Training and Development ˃ American Hotel and Lodging Association ˃ National Restaurant Association © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

5. White Papers »Written to persuade decision makers »Contain current research »Published by companies, associations, non governmental organizations, and institutions »Created to provide background and rationale for a new program, proposal, policy, or other change »Used, sometimes, for marketing purposes © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

6. Definition of a Scholarly Journal Article »Reviewed blindly by peers who do not know who wrote the article »Written for scholarly journals »Focuses on expanding knowledge »Provides a contribution to scholarship and understanding of an area or topic © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

7. Quantitative vs. Qualitative Research QuantitativeQualitative »Large sample size with few variables »Tests hypotheses, models, and concepts »Small sample size with many variables »Discovers and explores what might be happening © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

8. Quantitative vs. Qualitative Research (cont’d) QuantitativeQualitative »Contrived or controlled settings to limit outside influences »Statistical tools to demonstrate significance of findings »Natural setting that may contribute to the information gathered »Analytical tools to determine the patterns and significance of data © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

9. Structure of Scholarly Articles »Abstract »Introduction »Review of the Literature (often broken up into sections) »Research Method or Research Design »Findings or Discussion (often divided into sections reporting on various categories of findings) »Limitations and Suggestions for Future Research »Conclusions »Bibliography © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

10. Structure of Scholarly Articles (cont’d) »Introduction – CPR C Context or common ground – what is the situation, the environment, background, the reason for the problem? P Problem or Purpose – What did he/she/they set out to investigate? What is its significance? R Response, Results, or Research Design (it can differ depending on the journal) – what is the solution or what did they do to figure it out? © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

11. Structure of Scholarly Articles (cont’d) »Introduction – L O A F L Limitations O Opportunities for more research or next steps that a researcher could take A Applications of the findings F Findings © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

12. Evaluating Scholarly Articles »Top three issues: ˃ Research purpose ˃ Research design ˃ Findings © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

13. Evaluating Scholarly Articles (cont’d) »Elements to Examine ˃ Introduction ˃ Literature review ˃ Theoretical or conceptual framework ˃ Data collection methods ˃ Data analysis ˃ Conclusion © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

14. Evaluating Scholarly Articles (cont’d) »Sections of Articles ˃ Introduction ˃ Purpose statement ˃ Literature review ˃ Research design ˃ Theoretical or conceptual framework ˃ Sample ˃ Data collection methods ˃ Data analysis ˃ Findings ˃ Limitations, opportunities and applications © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

15. Evaluating Scholarly Articles (cont’d) »Add for Quantitative ˃ All of the previous sections plus: − Hypotheses − Research variables © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

16. Evaluating Scholarly Articles (cont’d) »Criteria to Use ˃ Clarity ˃ Coherence ˃ Comprehensiveness ˃ Cogency ˃ Currency ˃ Credibility ˃ Creativity ˃ Contribution © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

17. Review of the Class Session »Anything unclear? »One thing that I learned from this class is … © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.