1. Health and Safety
Unit 208

2. Aims and objectives Aim(s)
This unit will help you to understand your responsibilities under health and safety law. You will learn how to carry out risk assessments, protect the people you care for, keep yourself safe and respond to emergencies.

3. Objectives: By the end of this unit you will be able to:
Understand the different responsibilities relating to health and safety in social care settings.
Understand risk assessments and their importance in relation to health and safety.
Understand procedures for responding to accidents and sudden illness.
Understand how to reduce spread of infection.

4. Understand how to move and handle equipment and other objects safely.
Understand the principles of assisting and moving an individual.
Understand how to handle hazardous substances.
Know and Understand how to promote environmental safety procedures in the social care setting.
Know and Understand how to manage stress.
Understand procedures regarding handling medication.
Understand how to handle and store food safely.

5. What could happen?
Near-miss
Minor injury
Major injury
Death

6. The costs of failure Health and safety law is Criminal Law
Failure to manage health and safety can result in:
prosecution, fines and imprisonment
compensation claims
loss of output or service
replacement costs
loss of reputation
Death, injury,

7. Why we need good health & safety standards
Good health and safety standards tend to contribute to:
Reduction in accidents and injuries.
Happy healthy motivated workforce.
Reduction in sick leave, good reputation.
Increased performance and profit.
Good relationships with enforcement agencies.
Increased job security.

8. If I ignore health and safety what could happen to me personally ?
Injury to yourself
Disciplinary action
Prosecution (especially if an accident is caused by you ignoring safety instructions)
A possible fine
Possible imprisonment

9. duty of one individual to another - “Duty of Care”
Legal duties
COMMON LAW
duty of one individual to another - “Duty of Care”
STATUTE LAW
Criminal Law
duty between individual and the state

10. Research Acivity Health and Safety Legislation
Working in pairs and using the online resources provided, prepare a flipchart diagram of key health and safety legislation including a brief outline of the key features of each act or set of regulations.
A short guide to health and safety legislation (overview)
Diseases and injuries
Chemicals etc.
Moving people and objects
Move to
Next Exercise
Equipment for lifting
Fire safety

12. Reporting of Injuries ,Diseases and
Reporting of Injuries ,Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences (RIDDOR) (1995)
Places a legal duty on employers and self-employed
people to report the following to the Health and Safety Executive:
work-related deaths
major injuries
over three-day injuries
work-related diseases
dangerous occurrences (near miss accidents)
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13. Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Regulations (2002)
COSHH is the law that requires employers to control substances that are hazardous to health. You can prevent or reduce workers exposure to hazardous substances by:
finding out what the health hazards are;
deciding how to prevent harm to health
providing control measures to reduce harm to health;
making sure they are used ;
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14. The Manual Handling Operations Regulations (1992): Employer responsibilities  
The Regulations require the employer to:
Eliminate or reduce the risk to employees
Reduce the risk to the lowest possible level by ‘reasonably practicable' means
To avoid manual handling practices wherever reasonably practicable
To carry out, and update risk assessments of any remaining manual handling risks where they cannot be eliminated
Reduce manual handling risks, introduce measures to reduce the risk
Provide information, supervision and training to employees 14

15. MHOR: 1992; Employee's Responsibilities
Ensure own safety, take care of themselves and others
Follow instructions, training and supervision provided by the employer.
Make proper use of equipment and follow safe working systems;
Co-operate with their employer;
Ensure others are not put at risk.
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16. Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations (LOLER) 1998
Generally, the Regulations require that lifting equipment is:
Strong and stable enough for the particular use
Positioned and installed to minimise any risks
Used safely, the work is planned, organised and performed by competent people
Thorough examination and inspection by competent people
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17. The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order (2005)
Places the onus on individuals within an organisation to carry out risk assessments to identify, manage and reduce the risk of fire.
The responsible person must provide;
Means of escape
Signs and notices
Emergency lighting
Fire alarm
Fire extinguishers
Fire doors
Training
Risk assessments
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18. Responsibility for health and safety
The social care worker
Whilst on shift, the care worker must look out for potential hazards and be prepared to take the appropriate actions to report them.
It is a care worker’s legal duty to look after him/herself and those in his/her care.
The care worker also has a legal responsibility to comply with agreed ways of working; use equipment correctly, do not try to do anything he/she is not trained to do and follow procedures as set out by the organisation in accordance with the code of practice.

19. The employer or manager
Employers and managers must provide a written policy for health and safety if they employ five or more people. Policy documents must set out the responsibilities, arrangements and instructions for all health and safety procedures.
Managers must ensure that new staff are inducted and trained before they carry out any task. They must also ensure that necessary protection (such as gloves) and health checks are available.

20. Residents and/or visitors
Residents and visitors also have responsibilities to keep themselves safe and secure and to help keep the environment safe, secure and clean.

21. Special training
Often, special training is necessary before a care worker is able to carry out certain tasks
Special training may include:
First aid
Food safety
Fire safety
Manual handling
Infection control procedures
Control of hazardous waste
Use of specialist equipment

22. TASK
Using the ‘Special Training’ worksheet, and working individually, please consider the consequences of performing the tasks listed without prior training. Write your answers in the ‘consequences’ section of the worksheet.

23. In pairs please explain
What is a hazard?
What is a risk?

24. What is a hazard?
A hazard is something that has the potential to cause harm
What is a Risk?
Risk is the probability that harm will occur

25. Why do we have risk assessments?

26. Purpose of carrying out risk assessments is to:
Identify & reduce dangers in the workplace
Comply with legislation
Supply the employee with information on hazards/risks in the workplace
Specialized assessments are sometimes required
Click for guidance on risk assessment

27. Risk Assessments 5 steps
Identify the hazards
Decide who might be harmed and how
Evaluate the risks and decide on control measures*
Record your findings and implement them
Review your assessment and update if necessary
Brain storm or group activity on
*Remember that control measures will include any training needed to use the right equipment or to follow correct procedures

28. What is the likelihood of harm?
Risk Assessment Forms
What is the likelihood of harm?
Level
Descriptor
Description 5
Almost Certain
Likely to occur on many occasions, a persistent issue 4
Likely
Will probably occur but it is not a persistent issue 3
Possible
May occur occasionally 2
Unlikely
Do not expect it to happen but it is possible 1
Rare
Cannot believe that this will ever happen

29. Managing emergencies Complete worksheet
In groups, think about the following emergencies, how would you manage these emergencies, and more importantly, how would you prevent them happening?
Fire
Gas leak
Floods
Intruder on the premises
Security breach

30. Emergency plans What would you want to see in an emergency plan?
Procedures following an accident or sudden illness
A quick review of moving and handling
The handling of medicines in social care

31. Procedure following and accident or sudden illness
A first aid course will help you to recognise the signs and symptoms of certain types of sudden illness or injury. Remember: if you have not been trained to do it, don’t do it. However, there are some general procedures that should be followed in case of emergency:
Remove any sources of danger and quickly assess the person to see if he or she is breathing. You must do this by gently shaking the person’s shoulders and asking loudly if he/she is alright.
If there is little or no response, shout for help[.
Check the breathing by gently tilting the person’s head back for no more than ten seconds.
If the person is not breathing get someone to dial 999
If you are trained to do so, administer CPR (cardio-pulmonary resuscitation.
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32. Safe moving and Handling
The Manual Handling Operations Regulations (1992) set out a series of steps that organisations should follow:
If the lifting manoeuvre must be carried out, you should assess the risk of injury using T.I.L.E.
T = the task: what does this involve doing in terms of bending or twisting or lifting?
I = the individual: what is his or her weight and general health?
L = the load: is the person difficult to grip and handle and what equipment may be needed?
E = environment: consider the space, any slippery surfaces and the ‘end’ place where you want to be
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33. As a health and social care worker what might we need to think about before we move or handle a person?

34. Things to consider before you move a person
Assess the situation
Read the person’s risk assessment/ care plan
Ask the person first if it is ok to move them
Explain what you do as you do it
Check all equipment before you use any aids
Use appropriate aids & according to instructions
Know your own handling capacity
Ask for help if you need it

35. Infection control
Bacteria and viruses invade the body through a variety of
routes;
Respiratory system- coughs, sneezing
Digestive system- food, drink
The skin- cuts or broken skin
Bodily fluids- blood, urine, faeces, vomit

36. How can we reduce infections in the work place?
Quick Brainstorm
How can we reduce infections in the work place?

37. Reducing Infections Wash hands thoroughly
Use protective clothing i.e. gloves, aprons, face masks, goggles,
Cover cuts or breaks in the skin
Follow food hygiene requirements
Deal with waste properly
Use clean equipment
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

38. Health and Personal hygiene
Your personal health is important to consider in preventing the spread of infection
If you have an infection, you need to notify your manager who will assess the risk to the people with whom you work.
Poor personal hygiene can be a risk to the people you support
Wearing clean clothes, washing hands, tying back long hair and good personal hygiene are all important
You should always ear any protective clothing provided

39. How to wash your hands!

40. Stress in social care
What kind of stresses do you think there are in the role of a health and social care worker?

41. Standard 8 Guidance and support for all topics in Unit 208