1. Supervisor's
Safety
Training
Logging Industry

2. TOPICS of DISCUSSION Legal Responsibilities Role of the Supervisor
OSHA Requirements
Hazard Assessment
Accident Prevention
Accident Investigation

3. SUPERVISORS
LEGAL
RESPONSIBILITIES

4. Legal Responsibilities
Ethical and moral duty, you have a legal responsibility
for safety as a supervisor.
Federal law; supervisors can be held criminally
liable for serious injury or death of an employee if
proved negligent in their duties.
Fines/prison time for serious and/or willful violations. *

5. Job Site Responsibilities
Public Roads
Power lines
Access Paths/Roads

6. Who’s responsible for sub-contractors ??
Railways
SMZ, Water Quality
Other areas:
Crossover cutting
Pollution
Gas lines
OSHA/Safety Regulations
Who’s responsible for sub-contractors ??

7. SUPERVISORY
DUTIES

8. Role of the Supervisor Responsibilities Training employees
Communication skills
Set the example
Enforce safety rules and safety policies
Encourage positive behavior
Develop Safety Programs

9. Responsibilities
Shall not willfully or recklessly interfere with or misuse anything provided in the interests of health safety or welfare.
Shall not place at risk the health or safety of employees.
Enforce safety policies and safety rules.
Administer or support action taken by employer to comply with state and federal regulations.
Correct hazard situations and seek ways to improve safety.

10. Training requirements:
New Employee Orientation
General and specific safety rules to be followed
Work area and general hazards that may exist
Supervisor’s safety expectations
Accident/unsafe conditions reporting procedures
Job specific training

11. Weekly / monthly safety meetings Pre-task training
Continuous Training
Daily safety briefing
Weekly / monthly safety meetings
Pre-task training
On the job safety training
Machinery lockout/tagout safety
Chainsaw training

12. OSHA Training requirements
Initial Training
Lockout/tagout procedures
Emergency Evacuation Plan
Hazard Communication
Personal Protective Equipment

13. Hazard Material Handling Hearing Conservation
Annual Training
Fire Prevention Plan
Bloodborne Pathogens
Hazard Material Handling
Hearing Conservation

14. Communication Skills Communication achieves one of four goals:
To get action Inform Convince Entertain
Sender
Message
Receiver
What is communication?

15. Set the Example Follow company rules, policies, and procedures.
Always be consistent in your approach.
Do not play favoritism with employees.
Your actions will always speak louder than words.

16. Safety Rules and Policies
Responsibility
Enforcement - must make sure everyone follows safe working
procedures.
Safety Rules
Job specific safety rules for each task in the workplace.
Enforceable safety rules that apply to all employees.
Require employee commitment in writing. -

17. Safety Programs Successful safety programs must have the following:
Management commitment
- Real commitment
- Active participation
Assignment of Authority
- Supervisors provide leadership
- Safety committee

18. Safety programs achieve:
Reduce Number of Injuries
Reduce Costs Associated with Injuries
Average cost of injury $10,000.
Indirect cost ~ 50 times direct cost.
Insurance cost is reflected in your net profit.
Losses are held against employer for 3 years.
Reduce Equipment Damage
Lost time/productivity, low morale
Comply with OSHA Regulations

19. Logging Safety Statistics
Logging injuries are twice as high as other general industry.
The number of lost workdays for loggers is three times the average.
Each week in the South:
1 logger dies
10 suffer disabilities
100 receive medical treatment

20. Where Loggers Get Hurt 23% occur getting on and off machinery.
24% occur using chainsaws to fell or limb.
25% occur doing machine maintenance or repairs.
40% occur to workers with less than one year on the job.
41% occur on log decks.

21. Supervisors look for safety:
Are workers exposed to overhead hazards wearing hardhats?
Does loader operator avoid swinging boom over other workers?
Do deckman maintain a safe distance from the loader?
Does feller check for overhead hazards before felling a tree?
Are workers operating chainsaws wearing protective chaps?
Does feller check for overhead hazards before felling a tree?
Are workers a safe distance from trees being felled?
Are workers a safe distance from moving skidders and pull logs?

22. Safety programs - - Focus on Behaviors before Attitudes
Unsafe behaviors should be your focus
Failure to use PPE, safe guards, and job procedures are
concerns that can be corrected. - -
Employee attitudes
Carelessness, “bad attitude” are not directly observable,
hard to change. *

23. Unsafe behavior or attitude ??

24. OSHA
REQUIREMENTS

25. OSHA Requirements Effectively implement safety program(s).
Enforcement of safety rules.
Safety equipment use (PPE, guarding).
Correct & report hazards as soon as possible.
Document all safety activities.
Cooperate with an OSHA officer.

26. Consultative Services
Consultants are available on a request only basis. They will visit a logging site and provide advice on safety programs and required safety standards.
Loggers scheduled for consultative review and are not subject to inspection by any other OSHA group.
No penalties are assessed, only a commitment by the logger to heed advice and make any recommended changes.
Requests are treated on a confidential basis. No information is shared with other OSHA groups.

27. Hazard Communication Program
Written Hazard Communication Plan
Inventory of Hazardous materials
System of labeling containers
Material Safety Data Sheets
Employee Training
Make written plan readily available to employees

28. Purpose: Identify and evaluate hazards at the job site.
Communicate hazardous materials information
to employees.

29. Hazard material:
Any material which may pose a substantial health hazard to humans of the environment when released or spilled into the environment.
Effects:
Hazards materials can cause measurable changes in the body such as decreased pulmonary function.

30. Health Hazards are listed in two categories:
Acute Hazard
Chronic Hazard
Acute effects usually occur rapidly as a result of “Short Term” exposure and are of short duration
Chronic effects generally occur as a result of “Long Term” exposure and are of a long duration

31. Label requirements: NAME & ADDRESS OF MANUFACTURER
IDENTITY OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS
EMERGENCY PHONE NUMBERS
PPE REQUIREMENTS FOR HANDLING MATERIAL
APPROPRIATE HAZARD WARNINGS: DANGER
WARNING
CAUTION

32. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
The MSDS(s) must be readily available and accessible to employees.
Should be kept in a central location in the workplace.
Employees must receive initial familiarization training and any time a new material hazard is introduced into the workplace.
MSDS(s) must be current and up-to-date.
Must be maintained in the workplace for a period of not less than 30 years. *

34. Bloodborne Pathogens Program
Purpose:
To provide safe working
conditions to protect employees
from unnecessary exposure to
health hazards.
OSHA concern:
OSHA estimates 5.6 million workers are
at risk to bloodborne pathogens such as human imunodeficiency
(HIV) and Hepatitis (HBV).

35. Supervisor Responsibilities
Enforce decontamination and waste control procedures.
Recording cases of exposure.
Communicating the hazards to employees.
Enforce the wear of appropriate PPE.
Ensure medical procedures are followed if exposure occurs. *

36. Lockout/Tagout Program
The purpose of lockout/tagout is to prevent energy sources from accidentally being released while a machine or equipment is being serviced.
The ultimate goal of
lockout/tagout is to
protect the safety and
health of employees.
“Over 70% of all accidents come from improperly applied procedures or non-compliance”

37. Develop company policy for implementing lockout/tagout procedures
Management Responsibilities
Develop company policy for implementing lockout/tagout procedures
for the control of hazard energy during maintenance operations.
Establish written machine-specific procedures to include applying
the locks and tags, release, and notification from lockout.
Train authorized and affected employees on proper use of procedures.

38. Supervisors Responsibilities
Ensure employees receive initial training on lockout/tagout.
Monitor refresher training to keep employees up-to-date.
Ensure retraining if job assignments change, new machines, control
procedures or modifications occurs.
Enforcement of machine-specific procedures to include applying
the locks and tags, release, and notification from lockout.
Check for shortcuts, mistakes, or unsafe work practices.

39. Lockout/Tagout #1 Prepare for shutdown Know equipment hazards:
( 7 step process ) #1
Prepare for shutdown
Know equipment hazards:
Electrical
Mechanical
Hydraulic
Pneumatic
Thermal
Chemical

40. #2 Shut down equipment Double check your steps to ensure
Use normal shutdown procedure.
Turn all switches to OFF.
Double check your steps to ensure
shutdown procedures are complete.

41. “Coast Down Time” (most over-looked hazard)#3
Isolate all energy sources
Shut control valves.
Open electrical breakers
and disconnects.
Disconnect battery
Disable all sources of energy: do not over look air & hydraulics.
“Coast Down Time” (most over-looked hazard)

42. Examples requiring energy isolation:

43. #4 Install Locks and Tags Valves and electrical disconnects.
Lock and tag blank flanges.
Block or disconnect
air/hydraulic lines.

44. #5 Release or block stored energy Discharge capacitors
Block or release springs
Stop rotating flywheels
Drain fluids
Block elevated parts
Relieve system pressure
Allow moving part to completely stop before continuing !!

45. #6 Verify equipment isolation Check locking devices securely placed.
Attempt normal startup.
Return Controls to
OFF/Neutral.

46. #7 Release from LOTO Inspect Area and Equipment.
Machine Guards in position.
Account for tools and parts.
Inform others of startup.
Remove Locks & Tags.
Restore equipment to normal and conduct normal startup.

47. Additional lockout/tagout requirements:
Conduct annual audits to validate effectiveness of the lockout/tagout procedures
Review procedures annually or when required, especially
after an accident has occurred.
Maintain an equipment survey that list the equipment
required to have lockout/tagout procedures, type(s) of
energy sources, and magnitude of energy. *

48. Warning signs you may see:

49. Accidents you may see:

50. From finger(s) to complete hand.

51. Do you enforce lockout/tagout ??
This worker wished his supervisor had.
3rd degree burns….failure to deplete hydraulic pressure -- line ruptured.

52. Powered Mobile Equipment

53. Operators are required to trained prior to operating
any mobile equipment.
Training requirements:
Equipment specific operating procedures.
Proper lifting and transporting of loads.
Jobsite safety operating procedures.

54. Supervisors responsibilities:
Ensure employees are properly trained prior to operating
mobile equipment
Ensure pre-start inspection is conducted.
Observe lift operators performance -- correct unsafe acts.
Enforce company safety rules *

55. Was this driver properly trained ??

56. HAZARD
ASSESSMENT

57. Hazard Assessment
Employers must complete a Hazard Assessment of the work site to determine
hazards and the required Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE).

58. Hazard Assessment
Determines engineering requirements to ensure specific
hazards are resolved.
Determines Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE) required
to perform specific jobs.
Companies must documented that a hazard assessment has been
conducted.

59. TYPES of HAZARDS
Pinch-points
Welding gases
Noise
Hydraulics
Electrical
Belt/pulleys
Slip and Fall areas
Impacts
Chemical
Solvents
Compressed Air
Radiation
Pneumatic
Harmful Dust
Penetration
Cutting
Chain/sprockets
Thermal
Elevated work areas

60. Hazard Assessment Form

61. Five Key Components of Job Safety Analysis
Determine which steps to analyze.
Break the task into steps.
Identify the hazards.
Identify solutions and control of hazard(s).
Personal Protective Equipment requirements. *

62. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Special equipment or clothing worn
for occupational Protection against
biological, chemical or physical hazards.
Occupational hazards shall be controlled
through engineering or administrative
controls.
PPE shall be the last choice for control of a hazard.
PPE shall be provided to employees at the employers expense.

63. Personal Protective Equipment (continued)
Hand Protection
Respiratory Protection
Clothing
Safety Shoes
Chain Saw Chaps
Hearing Protection
Fall Protection
Hard Hats
Eye Protection *

64. Chainsaw Operations

65. Chain saw operators must wear leg protection constructed with cut-resistant material.
Leg protection must extend from the upper thigh down to the boot top and adequately cover the leg.
Must wear hard hat with face screen
protection.
Must wear cut resistant
footware.
Should wear proper hearing
protection.

66. Chainsaw safety rules:
Inspect chainsaw prior to performing cutting operations.
Proper carrying technique.
Inspection of starting site and cutting area.
Plan an escape route prior to cutting.
Properly start chainsaw.
Never saw above shoulder level.
Proper open-faced cuts and back cuts.

67. Proper Open Face
Cut ??

68. Chain Saw Accidents

69. The facts…………Chainsaws will cause bodily harm !!

70. Still not convinced………...

71. Hearing Conservation Program
Allowable noise exposure
for employees is 85 decibels
per eight-hour period.
Most machinery used in the
logging industry ranges from
decibels.

72. Program requirements:
Determine if program is required
Audiometric test will determine noise levels.
Audiometric Testing
Sets baseline, determines employee's hearing threshold. Used annually to determine
hearing loss.
Hearing Protection
Employer must provide hearing protection and train on proper wear.
Record-keeping
OSHA standards require written documentation. Keep employee test results, sound level measurements and training records. Medical records must be kept for 30 years. *

73. Welding Operations

74. Welding Requirements
Company must establish safety procedures for welding, brazing, cutting or other hot work operations performed in areas other than permanent welding shops or booths.
Pertains to all company locations. Outside contractors, as well as employees, must adhere to these procedures in order to guard against fire and other hazards normally present by welding and cutting operations.

75. Hot Works Permit requirements
Each “hot work” job must have a permit, which must remain at the site throughout the job.
An authorized supervisor must sign the permit.
Retaining records of permits is optional.

76. PERMIT MUST BE MAINTAINED AT SITE OF WELDING OPERATIONS
Date:___/___/___
Welding Location: ______________________________________________________________________________.
Work being accomplished: _______________________________________________________________________________________.
Start Time: ___________ Completion Time : ____________
____________________________________________
Signed Welder
Signed Fire Guard
Signed Authorizing Official
This permit expire on: ___/____/____
(Date)
In case of fire call _______ or sound fire alarm located ______________.
PERMIT MUST BE MAINTAINED AT SITE OF WELDING OPERATIONS
HOT WORKS PERMIT

77. Authorizing Supervisor
Signs permit only after completion of the following:
Inspection of immediate area involved for hazards.
Certification: ensure welding personnel have been properly
trained to operate welding equipment.
Fire watch is required whenever welding is performed outside
of a fixed welding shop.
Fire watch must be maintained for 30 minutes after welding or cutting
operations cease at all locations.
Combustible materials must be at least 35 feet away from welding operations.

78. Welding Safety Precautions
Check for hazardous/explosive materials that may be present at welding site.
sprinklers
fire extinguishers
water hoses
Insure fire protection equipment is available and operational:
Adequate ventilation is required.
Place signs, ropes, or warning devices to protect other employees in the area.
Barriers, screens or equivalent protection shall be provided to protect other
employees from eye injury due to welding.

79. Welding is serious business
Welding near combustibles
Glove caught on fire

80. Be aware of flammable or explosive conditions prior to performing operations
Check out all welding equipment (hoses, cables, etc.) for any damage or leaks.
Clean the area up and remove combustibles and trash at least 35 feet away.
Thoroughly wet the area up to 35 feet for combustible materials such as saw dust, chips, wood floors, etc,
Have a water hose or adequate fire extinguisher nearby in case of fire.
Do not weld standing in standing water or rain – danger of electrical shock.
Check walls, crevices, hidden areas, under equipment, or any other place where sparks could roll.
Properly dispose of spent welding rods.
Keep a Fire Watch for 30 minutes after welding ceases.
Notify your Supervisor once you complete all the above items.
WELDING CHECKLIST *

81. ACCIDENT
REPORTING
&
PREVENTION

82. Accident Reporting If an injury or illness occurs at work:
“REPORT IT IMMEDIATELY” “
Every job related injury or illness must be reported
to supervisor as soon as possible.

83. Injury and Illness Incident Report4
OSHA Form 301:
Injury and Illness Incident Report 4
Replaces Form 101:
Supplementary Record of Occupational Injuries & Illnesses 4
Includes more data about how injury or illness occurred 4
OSHA Form 300A:
Summary of Work-related Injuries and Illnesses

84. Accident Investigation
Accidents are investigated, not to find fault or to blame, but to find out the Root Cause.
Get the who, what, when, where &……... why.
Careless acts should be considered as preventable …
implement safety precautions.
Develop a plan for preventing the accident in the future.

85. Preventing Accidents of workers: PLAN - Each job or task assigned
Supervisors are responsible for Four things to ensure safety
of workers:
PLAN - Each job or task assigned
ORGANIZE - Each job or task assigned
DIRECT - Train the employees who will do the job or task.
CONTROL - Ensure that the job or task is conducted with the
highest degree of quality, safety, & productivity.

86. Planning
Each job, task or operation must be planned. Planning includes:
What resources are needed to do the job.
What training is required to do the job.
What hazards are present in the task?
How can hazards be eliminated or controlled?

87. Organizing .
Organizing is the act of ensuring that all RESOURCES necessary
to do the job safely are:
Available Proper (size, type) In good (safe) condition
Organizing also means getting the cooperation you need from others
to effectively implement your plan.
Organization should be in written form, not “in your head.”

88. Directing
Directing the job or task is making sure your plan is going as designed.
Making sure all employees are properly trained to perform the task.
Assessing tasks for safety and productivity.
Conduct safety meeting to bring safety concerns, new procedures
or policies to employees attention.

89. Controlling
Controlling your plan enables you make adjustments as required.
Train others to over see and enforce set job standards.
Reassess job resources. Have job requirements changed?
Continually observe for unsafe acts and conditions.
Take immediate corrective action
Take action to prevent recurrence
Treat the cause
Lack of Training Lack of Resources Lack of Job Interest

90. Safety Observation Report
SOR is a tool to identify and document unsafe acts and unsafe
conditions.
Seeks out actions more than conditions.
Allows both supervisor and employee to document safety concerns.
Helps indicate the Indirect Cause of accidents.
Resources and training can be focused on area of deficiency.

91. Areas of Concern Supervising for Safety SAFETY OBSERVATION REPORT
PRODUCTIVITY
SAFETY
QUALITY
Supervising for Safety
Areas of Concern
Date: ____________ Time: ______________
Observation: __________________________________________________________________________________
Observer: _______________________________
Action Taken:____________________________
Immediate Corrective Action: _______________ _________________________________________
Cause: __________________________________
Corrective Action: ________________________
_________________________________________
Signature: ______________________________________
SAFETY
OBSERVATION
REPORT
Training
Employee did not understand Safety Procedure.
Employee not trained to do task
Training was not frequent enough, employee had
forgotten procedures
Employee received no job specific training.
Employee did not follow supervisor’s instructions.
Lack of Resources
Task was not planned correctly.
Equipment damaged or defective.
Not enough people provided/available to carry the
task out safely.
Employee Work Habits
I. Employee too lazy.
J. Employee did not believe they could get hurt.
K. Employee had bad attitude towards safety.
L. Employee taking shortcuts.

92. Returning a previously injured employee back to work
consider the following:
Job Engineering
Light duty jobs
Retrain
Part time

93. Summary Legal Responsibilities Role of the Supervisor
OSHA Requirements
Hazard Assessment
Accident Prevention
Accident Investigation

94. 8 Loss Control Field Reps
Field reps also, carry variety of safety equipment that is readily available
to our policyholders.
2 Specialized Trainers
Chainsaw trainer for on-site and felling tree training.
Sawmill / Mfg. trainer for on-site OSHA compliance assistance.
Visit their website at
Additional Logger Services:
Other lines of Insurance
On-Site Job Layout Analysis
On-Site Loss Control Assistance
On-Site Safety Meetings