2. 21st Century College English: Book 4 Unit 6: Part B

3. Revision of Text A Revision of Text A Revision of Text A Revision of Text A Reading Analysis Reading AnalysisReading AnalysisReading Analysis Structured Writing Structured WritingStructured WritingStructured Writing Listening Practice Listening PracticeListening PracticeListening Practice Assignment AssignmentAssignment

4. Assignment Checkup StructureEx. VIII&IXStructureEx. VIII&IXStructure ClozeEx. XClozeEx. XCloze TranslationEx. XI & Ex. XIITranslationEx. XI & Ex. XIITranslation Revision of Text A

5. Ex. VIII, p. 195~196 《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. VIII, p. 195~196 Structure

6. VIIIComplete the following sentence by translating the Chinese into English, using when it comes to sth./doing sth. Structure When it comes to business When it comes to a choice between shame and death 1. （说到经商） _ _____________________________ ， John is better at it than anyone else. 2. （当涉及到在耻辱和死亡之间作出选择时） ______ __________, these heroic soldiers would not hesitate a moment to choose the latter.

7. VIIIComplete the following sentence by translating the Chinese into English, using when it comes to sth./doing sth. Structure 3. （在涉及到他不知如何处理的事情时） _________________ ， he often asked his brother to do them. 4. （说到遵守时间）, Nancy is totally undependable. 4. （说到遵守时间） __________________, Nancy is totally undependable. When it comes to things he did not know how to deal with When it comes to being on time

8. VIIIComplete the following sentence by translating the Chinese into English, using when it comes to sth./doing sth. Structure 5. （说到政治） ______________________, I differ with him completely. 6. These men are lions in times of peace, but sneaking foxes （到 了打仗之时） ________________. When it comes to politics When it comes to fighting

9. Ex.IX, p. 196 《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex.IX, p. 196 Structure

10. The conjunction while has two basic meanings: 1) during the time that; when and 2) although. Rewrite the following pairs of sentences after the model. Model 1: Could you look after the kids? I’ll go shopping.  Could you look after the kids while I go shopping? Structure Model 2:I do not agree with what you say. I understand your reasons for saying it.  While I do not agree with what you say, I understand your reasons for saying it.

11. 1. I admit that the problems are difficult. I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.  While I admit that the problems are difficult, I don’t agree that they cannot be solved. Structure The conjunction while has two basic meanings: 1) during the time that; when and 2) although. Rewrite the following pairs of sentences after the model.

12. 2.Perhaps the crossword puzzle will amuse her. She is waiting.  Perhaps the crossword puzzle will amuse her while she is waiting. Structure The conjunction while has two basic meanings: 1) during the time that; when and 2) although. Rewrite the following pairs of sentences after the model.

13. 3.She asked me to hold the baby for just a minute. She was buying her railway ticket.  She asked me to hold the baby for just a minute while she was buying her railway ticket. Structure The conjunction while has two basic meanings: 1) during the time that; when and 2) although. Rewrite the following pairs of sentences after the model.

14. 4.I am willing to go. I would like it better if you went.  While I am willing to go, I would like it better if you went. Structure The conjunction while has two basic meanings: 1) during the time that; when and 2) although. Rewrite the following pairs of sentences after the model.

15. 5.I like the color of the hat. I do not like its shape.  While I like the color of the hat, I do not like its shape. Structure The conjunction while has two basic meanings: 1) during the time that; when and 2) although. Rewrite the following pairs of sentences after the model.

16. 6.You will be away. Who attends to the everyday running of the business?  Who attends to the everyday running of the business while you are away? Structure The conjunction while has two basic meanings: 1) during the time that; when and 2) although. Rewrite the following pairs of sentences after the model.

17. 7.He can’t cook. He sews very well.  While he can’t cook, he sews very well. Structure The conjunction while has two basic meanings: 1) during the time that; when and 2) although. Rewrite the following pairs of sentences after the model.

18. 8.He was turning the key in the lock. Someone opened a door on the other side of corridor.  While he was turning the key in the lock, someone opened a door on the other side of the corridor. Structure The conjunction while has two basic meanings: 1) during the time that; when and 2) although. Rewrite the following pairs of sentences after the model.

19. 《读写教程 IV 》 :Ex. X, p. 197 《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. X, p. 197 Cloze

20. X. Fill in each blank with the most appropriate word from the four choices given. what does a young child’s ability not to eat a marshmallow __1_ to do with success in life? Quite a lot, as it turns out. The 4- year-old who is able to __2__ in order to receive a second treat is ___3__ more self-control than will serve him or her well as an adult. This ability to control one’s __4__ is just one part of what is called Emotional Intelligence. 1.A) needB) have C) wantD) lead 2.A) wait B) hold out C) shy away from D) show up 3.A) popularizing B) demonstrating C) breaking out D) counting on 4.A) intelligenceB) gratification C) empathyD) impulses B B BClozeD

21. The children who demonstrate it will grow up to be better adjusted and ___5___ successful. Those kids who don’t have it are less likely to succeed when it comes to meeting challenges and ___6___ with life’s frustration. In the past, our concept of intelligence was mainly limited ___7___ the kinds of skills that ___8___ one to do well in school. But Emotional Intelligence ___9__ what it means to be smart by focusing on how the mind ___10___ feelings rather than ideas. 5.A) fortunateB)more C) civillyD) better 6.A) facingB) seeing C) leadingD) dealing 7.A) byB) on C) fromD) to 8.A) enableB) make C) letD) ignite 9.A) rectifiesB) redefines C) enduresD) enables 10.A) proceedsB) procures C) productsD) processes Cloze B D D A B D

22. There are many ways in which an understanding of Emotional Intelligence can be every __11__. It can help parents ___12___ their children, help corporations manage employees, and help solve many social problems. These ideas are not very controversial, but some other ___13___ of Emotional Intelligence are. For example, some scholars are offended at the idea that such a __14___ and abstract idea would be reduced to a simple numerical measure in the ___15___ of an “EQ”. 11.A) hard-earnedB) handy C) impulsiveD) dependable 12.A) liftB)raise C) riseD) behave 13.A) aptitudesB)aspects C) prospectsD) impulses 14.A) completeB) complaint C) complexD) controlled 15.A) placeB) form C) typeD) aspect Cloze B B B C B

23. TranslationTranslation  Ex. IX Ex. IX Ex. IX  Ex. X Ex. X Ex. XTranslation

24. 《读写教程 IV 》 :Ex. XI, p.198 《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. XI, p.198 Translation — English to Chinese

25. XI. Translate the following into Chinese. Translation EQ is not the opposite of IQ. Some people are blessed with a lot of both, some with little of either. What the researchers have been trying to understand is how they complement each other; how one’s ability to handle stress, for instance, affects the ability to concentrate and put intelligence to use. Among the ingredients for success, researchers are now generally agree that IQ accounts for about 20%; the rest depends on everything from class to luck to the neural pathway that have developed in the brain ever millions of years of human evolution. 情商不是智商的对立面。一些人 有幸两者都拥有很多，一些人则 每一样都拥有很少。 研究者们一直试图理解的是它们如何互 补；比如，一个人对付压力的能力如何 影响其集中思想合发挥才智的能力。 研究者们大都同意，在成 功的要素中智商约占 20 ％ 其余则取决于多种因素，从所属的 阶级到运气到在人类进化的几百万 年中已在大脑中形成的神经途径。

26. 《读写教程 IV 》 :Ex. XII, p. 198 《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. XII, p. 198 Translation — Chinese to English

27. He was disabled form birth, but he never felt frustrated, nor did he give in to any difficulty. Translation — Chinese to English 1. 他生来就有残疾，但他从不沮丧，也从未屈服于任何困难。 from birth feel frustrated give in to

28. Tom had been holding out for the promotion. When such an opportunity showed up, he grabbed it at once. Translation — Chinese to English 2. 汤姆一直坚决要求提升。当这样的机会出现时，他立即 抓住了。 hold out for show up grab

29. He distrusts all standardized tests and believes that there should be something better to substitute for them. Translation — Chinese to English 3. 他对所有的标准化考试都不信任并认为应该由某种更好的 东西来取代它们。 distrust something better substitute for

30. My thesis is that we should carry out a survey of these controversial issues one by one right now. Translation — Chinese to English 4. 我的论点是我们应当马上对这些又争议的问题逐个进行调 查。 right now one by one take/catch the fancy of

31. Betty is diligent and dependable. She never shies away from any difficulties. In short, she is the kind of student that we are all proud of. Translation — Chinese to English 5. 贝蒂勤劳而又可靠。她从不在困难面前退缩。总之，她是 我们都为之感到骄傲的那种学生。 shy away from be proud of in short

32. It is ill-advised to keep the gas tank in your home for it ignites easily and may burn up your hard-earned fortune in a few minutes. Translation — Chinese to English 6. 把汽油箱放在你的房子里是不明智的，因为它极易燃烧， 并且可能在几分钟内就将你辛辛苦苦挣来的财产付之一炬。 ill-advised hard-earned burn up

33. Doctor Smith ’ s lecture accounts to saying that a child who displays high EQ early on in life will succeed eventually in the face of all kinds of difficulties. Translation — Chinese to English 7. 史密斯博士的讲座等于是说，很早就显示出高情商的孩子 无论面对什么困难都会最终取得成功。 accounts for early on in face of

34. Since many marriages end in divorce in the United States, psychologists have suggested that couples in all families communicate with each other more often an solve their problems before it becomes too late. Translation — Chinese to English 8. 由于在美国很多婚姻都以离婚告终，心理学家们建议所有 家庭中的夫妻都应更经常地互相沟通，不要等到为时过晚 时才来解决他们的问题。 end in divorce communicate with each other before it becomes too late

35. Reading Analysis Ex. XI, p. 52 《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. XI, p. 52

36. For each of the following passages from Text A, identify what grammatical function is being placed in parallel structure. Example 1 Example 1 Example 2 Example 2 Example 3 Example 3 Example 4 Example 4 Para. 3 Para. 3 Para. 3 Para. 3 Reading Analysis Para. 3 Para. 3 Para. 3 Para. 3 Para. 5 Para. 5 Para. 5 Para. 5 Para. 8 Para. 8 Para. 8 Para. 8 Example 5 Example 5 Para. 8 Para. 8 Para. 8 Para. 8 Conclusion

37. Reading Analysis Those who as four-year-olds had enough self-control to hold out for the second marshmallow generally grew up to be___________, __________, ___________, ____________and __________teenagers. more popular adventurous confident dependable better adjusted

38. Reading Analysis The children who gave in to temptation early on were more likely to be___________, ____________and___________. lonely easily frustrated stubborn

39. Reading Analysis But cognitive theory could simply not explain the questions we wonder about most:____________; ____________; _____________; ___________. why some people just seem to have a gift for living well why the smartest kids in the class will probably no tend up the richest why we like some people virtually on sight and distrust other why some people remain upbeat in the face of troubles that would sink a less resilient soul

40. Reading Analysis He sees practical applications everywhere for how companies should decide____________; ____________; _____________; and ___________. whom to hire how couples can increase the odds that their marriages will last how parents should raise their children how schools should teach them

41. Reading Analysis _________________, ___________________, _________________, … it suggests a demand for remedial emotional education. when more than half of marriage end in divorce when the majority of the children murdered in this country are killed by parents and stepparents When street gangs substitute for families and schoolyards insults end in stabbings

42. Reading Analysis Parallelism involves balancing the structural elemental of a sentence. In parallel construction it is necessary to balance word for word (noun with noun, verb with verb, adjective with adjective, etc.), phrase with phrase, clause with clause, sentence with sentence. By using this rhetoric device, the author can make his writing more forceful and persuasive. The following is two examples citing from a poem written by B. J. Bailey and a famous speech delivered by Lincoln in Gettysburg: IIII II

43. Reading Analysis We live in deeds, not years; In thoughts, not breaths; In feelings, not in figures on a dial (B. J. Bailey: Festus, v ) (B. J. Bailey: Festus, v )

44. Reading Analysis … and that government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth. (Abraham Lincoln: Gettysburg Speech) (Abraham Lincoln: Gettysburg Speech)

45. Ex. XIV, p. 199 《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. XIV, p. 199 Structured Writing

47. Use parallel structure to combine each of the following sets of sentences into a single sentence. In writing your parallel sentence, use the conjunction(s) given in parentheses. a.I like to jog. I like to swim. I like to bicycle. (and) b.I like jogging. I like swimming. I like bicycling. I don’t like bowling. (and, but not) c.My room is small. My room is noisy. My room is overcrowded. My room is clean. (and, but) d.Hainan Island has many interesting tropical trees. Hainan Island has many interesting tropical birds. Hainan Island has a number of beautiful beaches. (and; and also)

48. Write Your Own Structured Writing Pick three sentences from the Reading Analysis exercise which use parallel structure and write your own sentence on a new topic in imitation of each.

49. Listening Practice Listening & Speaking IV ConversationConversationConversation Passage 1Passage 1Passage 1Passage 1

50. Listening Practice Conversations 《听说教程 IV 》 Part 4.3, pp. 89-90

51. 1. A)Borrow her book. B)Check the classroom again. C)Buy a new book. D)Ask about the book at the information desk. Listening Practice: Conversations

52. 2. A) 2. A)A new hospital. B)A new hotel. C)A new restaurant. D)A new airport. Listening Practice: Conversations

53. 3. A)He's worried that he'll be in the way. B)He's afraid that her grandparents won't like him. C)He's nervous that her grandparents won't be able to come. D)He's happy to take them around the city. Listening Practice: Conversations

54. 4. A)Write his paper on a more general topic. B)Take the woman's advice about his paper. C)Choose an entirely new topic for his paper. D)Retype his paper. Listening Practice: Conversations

55. 5. A)Buy a car from the woman. B)Help the woman paint her car. C)Buy a new car. D)Look for a less expensive car. Listening Practice: Conversations

56. 6. A)Writing an article. B)Studying for a chemistry test. C)Reading a magazine. D)Shopping for shoes. Listening Practice: Conversations

57. 7. A) 7. A)He turned a comer so fast. B)He ran a red light. C)He went through a stop sign. D)He was speeding. Listening Practice: Conversations

58. 8. A)He was on vacation. B)He was working for another company. C)He was sick. D)He was attending a conference. Listening Practice: Conversations

59. 9. A)He has invited some friends over to his home. B)He could celebrate his birthday in the countryside. C)He's going to see a cross-country race. D)He thinks he could win a cross-country race. Listening Practice: Conversations

60. 10. A)He thinks they should study at the woman's apartment. B)He won't have much time to study. C)He apartment is messy. D)His apartment is in a noisy area. Listening Practice: Conversations Check-up

61. Listening Practice: Conversations Script 1.What does the woman imply about the man should do? A)Borrow her book. B)Check the classroom again. C)Buy a new book. D)Ask about the book at the information desk. 1.What does the woman imply about the man should do? A)Borrow her book. B)Check the classroom again. C)Buy a new book. D)Ask about the book at the information desk.

62. W:Can I borrow your math textbook? I left mine in the classroom. And it was gone when I went back. M: That happened to me once. I ’ d almost given up on finding it until I checked it at the lost-and-found at the information desk downstairs in the lobby. Q:What does the man imply about what the woman should do? Listening Practice: Conversations

63. Script 2.What are the people discussing in the conversation? A) A)A new hospital. B)A new hotel. C)A new restaurant. D)A new airport. 2.What are the people discussing in the conversation? A) A)A new hospital. B)A new hotel. C)A new restaurant. D)A new airport.

64. M:They may be satisfied with their new facility, but honestly I ’ m disappointed. The waiters are not polite and everything seems to be running behind schedule. W:Not to mention the fact that its hours are so unpredictable because the management doesn ’ t follow the working hours schedule. Q:What are the people discussing in the conversation? Listening Practice: Conversations

65. Script 3.What does the man mean? A)He's worried that he'll be in the way. B)He's afraid that her grandparents won't like him. C)He's nervous that her grandparents won't be able to come. D)He's happy to take them around the city. 3.What does the man mean? A)He's worried that he'll be in the way. B)He's afraid that her grandparents won't like him. C)He's nervous that her grandparents won't be able to come. D)He's happy to take them around the city.

66. W:I can ’ t wait until tomorrow when my grandparents come. It ’ ll be fun for us to take them around the city. M:I ’ d be happy to come, but I ’ m not sure if they ’ ll want me along. Q:What does the man mean? Listening Practice: Conversations

67. Script 4.What will the man probably do? A)Write his paper on a more general topic. B)Take the woman's advice about his paper. C)Choose an entirely new topic for his paper. D)Retype his paper. 4.What will the man probably do? A)Write his paper on a more general topic. B)Take the woman's advice about his paper. C)Choose an entirely new topic for his paper. D)Retype his paper.

68. W:You ’ re on the right track. I just think you need to narrow the topic down. M:Yeah, you ’ re right. I always choose these broad areas when I ’ m doing a research paper. Q:What will the man probably do? Listening Practice: Conversations

69. Script 5.What will the man probably do? A)Buy a car from the woman. B)Help the woman paint her car. C)Buy a new car. D)Look for a less expensive car. 5.What will the man probably do? A)Buy a car from the woman. B)Help the woman paint her car. C)Buy a new car. D)Look for a less expensive car.

70. W:Well, if you ’ re seriously considering buying a car, I ’ m trying to get rid of mine. All it needs is a new paint. M:Thanks, but most used cars end up being more trouble than they ’ re worth. Q:What will the man probably do? Listening Practice: Conversations

71. Script 6.What is the man probably doing? A)Writing an article. B)Studying for a chemistry test. C)Reading a magazine. D)Shopping for shoes. 6.What is the man probably doing? A)Writing an article. B)Studying for a chemistry test. C)Reading a magazine. D)Shopping for shoes.

72. W:There ’ s an article here in this magazine you might find interesting. It ’ s about buying running shoes. M:If it ’ s not chemistry and it ’ s not on the final exam, I can ’ t read it now. Q:What is the man probably doing? Listening Practice: Conversations

73. Script 7.Why did the man get a ticket? A) A)He turned a comer so fast. B)He ran a red light. C)He went through a stop sign. D)He was speeding. 7.Why did the man get a ticket? A) A)He turned a comer so fast. B)He ran a red light. C)He went through a stop sign. D)He was speeding.

74. W:I don ’ t understand how you got a ticket. I always thought you were a careful driver. M:I usually am, but I thought I could get through the intersection before the light turned. Q:Why did the man get a ticket? Listening Practice: Conversations

75. Script 8.Why was Bob away? A)He was on vacation. B)He was working for another company. C)He was sick. D)He was attending a conference. 8.Why was Bob away? A)He was on vacation. B)He was working for another company. C)He was sick. D)He was attending a conference.

76. W:Nice to see you again, Bob. I hope you feel better. M:I ’ m fine now, but for a couple of days I have to work hard to catch up and I ’ m afraid I ’ ll be back in bed again soon. Q:Why was Bob away? Listening Practice: Conversations

77. Script 9.Why is the man happy? A)He has invited some friends over to his home. B)He could celebrate his birthday in the countryside. C)He's going to see a cross-country race. D)He thinks he could win a cross-country race. 9.Why is the man happy? A)He has invited some friends over to his home. B)He could celebrate his birthday in the countryside. C)He's going to see a cross-country race. D)He thinks he could win a cross-country race.

78. W:You ’ re looking very pleased with yourself. M:Friday morning isn ’ t it — weekend tomorrow — I ’ ve been asked to run in the cross-country race. It could be mine this time. Q:Why is the man happy? Listening Practice: Conversations

79. Script 10.What does the man imply? A)He thinks they should study at the woman's apartment. B)He won't have much time to study. C)He apartment is messy. D)His apartment is in a noisy area. 10.What does the man imply? A)He thinks they should study at the woman's apartment. B)He won't have much time to study. C)He apartment is messy. D)His apartment is in a noisy area.

80. W:We need a quiet place to study. My roommate ’ s got a company. Could we work over at your place? M:Yeah, no problem. But I have to warn you I haven ’ t done much cleaning this week. Q:What does the man imply? Listening Practice: Conversations

81. Listening Practice Passage 1 Questions 《听说教程 IV 》 Part 4.3, pp. 71

82. 1. A)Pollution in the air. B)A lack of parking. C)Accidents with bicycles. D)A lack of bridges. Listening Practice: Passages

83. 2. A)Impose fines on polluting cars. B)Raise the price of fuel. C)Cut down the prices of bikes. D)Build more special bike paths. Listening Practice: Passages

84. 3.A)Bicycles have special lanes set aside for them. B)Bicyclists are causing all the problems. C)Bicycles and cars have more accidents. D)Bicycles cannot help clean up the environment. Listening Practice: Passages

85. 4. A)To motorists. B)To the bicyclists. C)To help build special bike paths. D)To help buy more bikes. Listening Practice: Passages Check-up

86. Listening Practice: Passages 1.What is the newest problem facing people who drive to school? A)Pollution in the air. B)A lack of parking. C)Accidents with bicycles. D)A lack of bridges. 1.What is the newest problem facing people who drive to school? A)Pollution in the air. B)A lack of parking. C)Accidents with bicycles. D)A lack of bridges.

87. Listening Practice: Passages 2.What has been done to encourage people to ride bicycles? A)Impose fines on polluting cars. B)Raise the price of fuel. C)Cut down the prices of bikes. D)Build more special bike paths. 2.What has been done to encourage people to ride bicycles? A)Impose fines on polluting cars. B)Raise the price of fuel. C)Cut down the prices of bikes. D)Build more special bike paths.

88. Listening Practice: Passages 3.Which of the following is true? A)Bicycles have special lanes set aside for them. B)Bicyclists are causing all the problems. C)Bicycles and cars have more accidents. D)Bicycles cannot help clean up the environment. 3.Which of the following is true? A)Bicycles have special lanes set aside for them. B)Bicyclists are causing all the problems. C)Bicycles and cars have more accidents. D)Bicycles cannot help clean up the environment.

89. Listening Practice: Passages Script 4.Where will the money from the fines go? A)To motorists. B)To the bicyclists. C)To help build special bike paths. D)To help buy more bikes. 4.Where will the money from the fines go? A)To motorists. B)To the bicyclists. C)To help build special bike paths. D)To help buy more bikes.

90. In an attempt to resist the rising cost of fuel and fight the pollution choking our cities, many outgoing students have taken to riding bicycles to school. The unfortunate result of this otherwise positive trend is the traffic problems caused by bicycles having to share the road with cars. Unfortunately, traffic accidents involving bicycles are on the increase throughout the country, so this new solution has led to a dilemma. To solve this dilemma, special bike paths have been created on most roads leading to and from college campuses. It is essential that cyclists stay on those paths. It is necessary for the safety of those of you who ride bicycles as well as the motorists that you share the road with. Listening Practice: Passages Obviously, it may be inconvenient to ride in the bike paths at times, but we must insist on it. To enforce the necessity of staying on the paths, there are fines for bicyclists who ride down the middle of the street. The federal fines are currently running at $25 for a first time violation, but if the law is continually violated, the fines will increase by different amounts depending on your local ordinances. The money that is collected from the fines will go towards a fund to help build better bike paths. You may have special bicycle bridges in your neighborhood right now. If not, you can count on seeing them in the future. We are committed to making bicycling a safe alternative to using cars and we appreciate your help in making that goal a reality.

91. 1.Preview Text B 2.Do exercises: Ex. VI& VII (p. 194~195)Ex. VI& VII (p. 194~195) Ex. XV(p. 205~206) Ex. XV(p. 205~206) Ex. XIV(p. 206~207) Ex. XIV(p. 206~207) AssignmentAssignment