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Creating A Government Unit Exam Review Power Point
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Terms and Qualifications for Office
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House of Representatives 435 members Term - 2 years term / entire body up for re – election every 2 years Qualifications – 25 years old, 7 years a citizen and a resident of the state
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Senate 100 members Term – 6 years / 1/3 of body elected every 2 years Qualifications – 30 years old, 9 years a citizen and a resident of the state
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President Term – 4 years / 2 terms Qualifications – 35 years old and born in the United States
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Supreme Court 9 members Term - Life
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Vocabulary
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Republic A nation in which the voters elect representatives to govern them
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Federalism The sharing of powers between the state and national governments
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Separation of Powers Each branch of the government has its own powers – clearly described in the Constitution Each branch of the government has its own duties and responsibilities
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Electoral College The system of electors chosen from each state to choose the President. Responsible for choosing the President and Vice - President
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Checks and Balances Each branch of the Federal Government has some way to check, or control, the other two branches Examples – President vetoes a bill, Congress overrides his veto, Supreme Court declares a law unconstitutional, President appoints a Supreme Court Justice and the Senate ratifies the appointment
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Bill A proposed law
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Override Overruling a President’s veto Takes a 2/3’s majority in both houses of Congress
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Veto Rejecting a bill
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Impeach Bringing charges against a President or Supreme Court Justice
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Amend To make changes in the Constitution 2/3’s of Congress to propose and ¾’s of the states to approve Constitution has 27 of them
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Due Process Government must follow the same rules in all cases brought to trial Trial by jury, right to be defended by a lawyer, right to a speedy trial
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Shared or Concurrent Powers The national government has certain powers, the state governments have certain powers and there are powers shared by both
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Law Bill that is signed by the President
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Legislative Branch Makes the laws Made up of the Congress – the House of Representatives and the Senate
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Executive Branch Enforces the laws President is the head of this branch
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Judicial Branch Interprets the laws Made up of the Supreme Court and other Federal Courts
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Census Counting the population ever 10 years Began in 1790 Determines a state’s representation in the House of Representatives
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Bill of Rights Lists the freedoms the government has to protect First 10 amendments to the Constitution – ratified in 1791
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Ratify To pass or accept 9 of the 13 states had to do this for the Constitution to go into effect
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Federalist A person who was in favor of the Constitution
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Antifederalist A person who was opposed to the Constitution
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Constitution A document that sets out the laws and principles of a government “Recipe for Government” Spells out the rights of the citizens Limits the power of government
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Economic Depression A period when business activity slows, prices and wages fall and unemployment rises Led to Shays’ Rebellion in 1786
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Who Am I?
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James Madison Virginia “Father of the Constitution” Co – author of the Virginia Plan One of the authors of the Federalist Papers
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George Washington Virginia President of the Constitutional Convention First President elected under the new Constitution
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John Adams Massachusetts Was not at the Constitutional Convention because he was our Minister to England First Vice-President elected under the new Constitution
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Benjamin Franklin Pennsylvania Oldest delegate at the Constitutional Convention
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William Paterson New Jersey Author of the New Jersey Plan
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Roger Sherman Connecticut Author of the Great Compromise
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Alexander Hamilton New York Only New York delegate to stay at the Constitutional Convention One of the authors of the Federalist Papers
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John Jay New York One of the authors of the Federalist Papers
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Edmund Randolph Virginia Co – author of the Virginia Plan
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