1. African Empires

2. Zimbabwe Location: South/Southeastern Africa
Started: 1000 A.D. – 1450 A.D.
Cities:
Great Zimbabwe
Sofala
Zimbabwe

3. Zimbabwe Government: Kingdom (feudal system) Religion:
Mutuapa “The Great Conqueror”
Religion:
Ancestral: Believe the ancestors watched over them with Mwari being the supreme being
Economy: Gold Mining and Trade
Zimbabwe

4. Zimbabwe Acheivements:
Great Zimbabwe was part of a trade network that reached across the Atlantic Ocean.
Kingdom was enclosed with rounded stones and a small gate
Very strong and defensible
Zimbabwe

5. Aksum (Axum) Location Start/End Major Cities East Africa (Horn)
1000 B.C. to 750 A.D.
Major Cities
Adulis: The greatest seaport. Connected Egypt, Arabia, Persia, India, and Rome
Aksum (Axum)

6. Aksum (Axum) Government Religion Economy
Major Leader: Ezana expanded the empire and converted to Christianity
Dynasty with kings
Religion
Ancestral
Christian
Economy
Sea Trade with Egypt, Arabia, Persia, India, and Rome
Aksum (Axum)

7. Aksum (Axum) Acheivements
Only African kingdom to develop a written language
First African kingdom to create its own coins
Created Terrace Farming
Growing crops on hills
Aksum (Axum)

8. Swahili Location Start/End Major Cities East Africa
1100 A.D. to 1488 A.D.
Major Cities
Kilwa: Import city: Brought in manufactured goods while shipping out raw materials
Swahili

9. Swahili Government Religion Economy Muslim Empire Islam
Based on Imports and Exports
Imported :porcelian, jewels, cotton
Exported: Ivory, gold, and salt
Swahili

10. Ghana Location Start/End Major Cities North West Africa
700 A.D. to 1076 A.D.
Major Cities
Walata
Koumbi Saleh
Ghana

11. Ghana Government Religion Economy
Dynasty based on warfare (Ghana means war chief)
Religion
Ancestral
Converted to Islam
Economy
Gold and Salt
Ghana

12. Mali Location Start/End Major Cities North West Africa
1235 A.D. to 1353 A.D.
Major Cities
Walata
Timbuktu
Gao
Koumbi Saleh
Niani
Mali

13. Mali Government Religion Economy Empire Islam Gold and Salt
Ruled by Sundiata
Expanded by Mansa Musa
Religion
Islam
Economy
Gold and Salt
Mali

14. Location
North West Africa
Start/End
1400 A.D. to 1591 A.D.
Songhai

15. Songhai Major Cities Taghaza Walata Koumbi Saleh Niani Djenne Gao
Timbuktu
Kano
Agades
Songhai

16. Songhai Government Religion Economy Empire Islam Gold and Salt
Ruled first by Sunni Ali who built the empire through military conquest and took over the city Djenne by marrying their queen to complete his conquest
Religion
Islam
Economy
Gold and Salt
Songhai