1. Science Chapter 2D
Study Guide

2. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases?
A communicable disease is an illness that can _____, usually from _____ to _____.
Spread
Person to person
An organism that causes a communicable disease is called a _____.
Pathogen

3. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases?
Bacteria reproduce quickly in _____, _____, and _____ places such as inside the _____ _____.
Warm
Dark
Moist
Human body

4. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases?
Bacteria cause a variety of diseases, such as…
Ear infections
Sinus infections
Pneumonia
Whooping cough
Tuberculosis
Strep throat

5. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases?
Viruses cannot _____ on their own, but they can _____ body cells.
Reproduce
Invade
Diseases caused by viruses include…
Colds
Measles
Mumps
Chicken pox
Flu
pneumonia

6. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases?
The most common skin infection, _____, is caused by _____.
Athlete’s foot
Fungi
Malaria is caused by _____ and usually carried by _____
Protist
Mosquitoes

7. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases?
Communicable diseases can spread from person to person through the _____ when a sick person _____ or _____.
Air
Sneezes
Coughs
Communicable diseases can spread when your _____ or _____ come in contact with something used by a sick person.
Hands
Mouth

8. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases?
Communicable diseases can spread when no sick people are nearby. _____ may be in the drinking water. _____ is spread this way.
Pathogens
Cholera

9. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases?
_____ are animals that carry _____ that cause other communicable diseases.
Carriers
Pathogens
Examples
Mosquitoes may be a carrier of _____
Malaria or encephalitis
Ticks may be a carrier of _____
Lyme’s disease
Bats may be a carrier of _____
rabies

10. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases?
Ways your body defends itself against pathogens.
Your _____ keeps pathogens out.
Skin
If pathogens enter through the nose, they will be trapped by _____.
Mucus
If pathogens enter through the mouth and lungs, they will be _____, _____, or _____.
Coughed
Sneezed
Blown out

11. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases?
If pathogens are swallowed, _____ juices in the _____ will kill many.
Digestive
Stomach
Pathogens in the eyes will be washed out by _____.
Tears
Your _____ will kill some pathogens if you eat food with pathogens. If not, _____ and digestive juices in your _____ will take care of them.
Saliva
Acid

12. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases?
If none of these defenses keep _____ out of your blood, _____ will surround and _____ them.
Pathogens
White blood cells
Destroy

13. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases?
Another defense is _____ which is a substance made by _____.
Antibodies
White blood cells
Antibodies can give you _____ or resistance to some diseases.
Immunity
Some white blood cells attack the disease, while others become _____ cells that can _____ to make the correct _____ if the disease enters your body again.
Memory
Remember

14. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases?
To develop _____ to some communicable diseases is to get a _____ which is a dose of weakened or killed _____.
Immunity
Vaccine
Pathogen
Some diseases that can be prevented this way are…
Chicken pox
Mumps
Measles
Whopping cough

15. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases?
An _____ is a medicine that kills _____, but it cannot kill _____.
Antibiotic
Bacteria
Viruses

16. Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases
Noncommunicable diseases are illnesses that _____ be spread.
Cannot
The main causes of noncommunicable diseases are
Heredity
Surroundings
Behavior

17. Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases
Heredity is when _____ are passed from _____ to _____.
Genes
Parent
Children
Diseases that are caused by heredity are
Sickle-cell anemia
Hemophilia

18. Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases
A reaction to a certain substance is an _____
Allergy
_____ is an allergy that involves the _____ system.
Asthma
Respiratory

19. Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases
Asthma attacks are triggered by _____, _____, and _____.
Smoke
Dust
Pollen
This causes the tubes in the _____ to become _____ and _____ builds up making breathing difficult.
Lungs
Swollen
Mucus

20. Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases
Another noncommunicable disease of the respiratory system is _____.
Emphysema
The walls of the _____ lose their elasticity and become _____.
Air sacs
Overstretched
The air sacs also _____.
Burst
The main cause of emphysema is _____.
Smoking

21. Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases
A disease of the heart or blood vessels is _____.
Cardiovascular disease
_____ occurs when fatty substances build up inside the walls of _____.
Atherosclerosis
Arteries
_____ is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells.
Cancer

22. Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases
Changes is a persons _____ may keep noncommunicable diseases under _____.
Lifestyle
Control
The best way to control the damage done by noncummunicable disease is _____
Early diagnosis

23. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle?
Prevent injuries – realize the importance of _____.
Safety
Don’t take _____.
Unnecessary risks

24. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle?
When playing a sport…
Follow the rules
When crossing streets…
Obey traffic signs and signals
Avoid falls by…
Wiping up spills

25. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle?
When riding in a car…
Wear your seat belt
When exercising…
Warm-up and cool-down
When riding a bike…
Obey traffic signs and signals

26. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle?
A healthy _____ is necessary for a _____ lifestyle.
Diet
Healthy
Your body uses _____ for _____ and _____.
Proteins
Growth
Repair

27. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle?
No single food has every _____.
Nutrient
Avoid foods at the _____ of the food pyramid.
Top
Too much fatty food might cause _____, _____, or _____.
Cardiovascular disease
Cancer
Obesity

28. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle?
Too much sugary foods might cause _____, or _____.
Obesity
Tooth decay
Fiber may prevent _____.
Colin cancer

29. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle?
Tobacco plant contains a drug called _____.
Nicotine
A sticky material in tobacco is _____.
Tar

30. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle?
_____ is found in beer, wine, and liquor.
Alcohol
It slows down the work of your _____.
Brain
Drug abuse is the _____ use of drugs for reasons other than _____.
Intentional
Health

31. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle?
_____ can help relieve _____.
Sleep
Stress
During sleep your body processes _____ so more _____ is available to _____ or _____ body cells.
Slow down
Energy
Build
Repair

32. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle?
Regular, vigorous exercise is helpful to your body by…
Helping you keep a healthy body weight
Keeping arteries clear of fatty substances
Making muscles flexible
Strengthening muscles, especially your _____
Heart