1. Human Skeletal System Types of Joints

2. Fibrous Joints (Immovable) Fibrous joints connect bones without allowing any movement. Fibrous joints connect bones without allowing any movement. Sometimes called sutures Sometimes called sutures Ex. Skull, pelvis, teeth Ex. Skull, pelvis, teeth

3. Cartilaginous Joints Joints where bones are attached by cartilage. Joints where bones are attached by cartilage. These joints allow for only a little movement, such as in the spine or ribs. These joints allow for only a little movement, such as in the spine or ribs.ribs.

4. Synovial Joints Synovial joints allow for much more movement. Synovial joints allow for much more movement. Cavities between bones in synovial joints are filled with synovial fluid. This fluid helps lubricate and protect the bones. Cavities between bones in synovial joints are filled with synovial fluid. This fluid helps lubricate and protect the bones. There are many types of synovial joints. There are many types of synovial joints.

5. Types of Synovial Joints Hinge Hinge Saddle Saddle Ball and Socket Ball and Socket Ellipsoid Ellipsoid Pivot Pivot Gliding Gliding

6. Hinge Joint Allows extension and retraction of a limb. Allows extension and retraction of a limb. They allow a movement of 180° in one plane They allow a movement of 180° in one plane Ex. Elbow or knee Ex. Elbow or knee

7. Saddle Joint Allows movement back and forth and up and down, but does not allow for rotation. Allows movement back and forth and up and down, but does not allow for rotation. The thumb is the only example. The thumb is the only example.

8. Ball and Socket Allows for radial movement in almost any direction. Allows for radial movement in almost any direction. Ex. hips and shoulders Ex. hips and shoulders rounded head of one bone fits into the hollow, cup-shaped socket rounded head of one bone fits into the hollow, cup-shaped socket

9. Ellipsoid Joint (Condyloid) Similar to a ball and socket joint. Similar to a ball and socket joint. Allow the same type of movement to a lesser magnitude. Allow the same type of movement to a lesser magnitude. Ex. Knuckles Ex. Knuckles

10. Gliding Joint In a gliding or plane joint bones slide past each other. In a gliding or plane joint bones slide past each other. Ex. Midcarpal and midtarsal joints Ex. Midcarpal and midtarsal joints Hand and foot Hand and foot

11. Pivot Joint Allow rotation around an axis. Allow rotation around an axis. Ex. neck and forearm. Ex. neck and forearm. In the neck the occipital bone spins over the top of the axis. In the forearms the radius and ulna twist around each other. In the neck the occipital bone spins over the top of the axis. In the forearms the radius and ulna twist around each other.forearms Quicktime Demo

12. References http://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML http://www.everydayhealth.com/arthritis/understanding/index.aspx?p= http://www.rushcliffe- school.co.uk/PE/Documents/Types%20of%20Joints%20and%20Articulations.pdf http://www.saburchill.com/chapters/chap0008.html http://www.besthealth.com/besthealth/bodyguide/reftext/html/skel_sys_fin.html http://www.sci.port.ac.uk/rad/anatomy/05/004.htm http://www.botany.uwc.ac.za/sci_Ed/grade10/manphys/joints.htm http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/factfiles/joints/ellipsoidal_joint.shtml http://www.dummies.com/WileyCDA/DummiesArticle/Articulating-the-Importance-of- Joints-in-Anatomy.id-1209.html http://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML http://www.everydayhealth.com/arthritis/understanding/index.aspx?p= http://www.rushcliffe- school.co.uk/PE/Documents/Types%20of%20Joints%20and%20Articulations.pdf http://www.saburchill.com/chapters/chap0008.html http://www.besthealth.com/besthealth/bodyguide/reftext/html/skel_sys_fin.html http://www.sci.port.ac.uk/rad/anatomy/05/004.htm http://www.botany.uwc.ac.za/sci_Ed/grade10/manphys/joints.htm http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/factfiles/joints/ellipsoidal_joint.shtml http://www.dummies.com/WileyCDA/DummiesArticle/Articulating-the-Importance-of- Joints-in-Anatomy.id-1209.html http://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML http://www.everydayhealth.com/arthritis/understanding/index.aspx?p= http://www.rushcliffe- school.co.uk/PE/Documents/Types%20of%20Joints%20and%20Articulations.pdf http://www.saburchill.com/chapters/chap0008.html http://www.besthealth.com/besthealth/bodyguide/reftext/html/skel_sys_fin.html http://www.sci.port.ac.uk/rad/anatomy/05/004.htm http://www.botany.uwc.ac.za/sci_Ed/grade10/manphys/joints.htm http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/factfiles/joints/ellipsoidal_joint.shtml http://www.dummies.com/WileyCDA/DummiesArticle/Articulating-the-Importance-of- Joints-in-Anatomy.id-1209.html http://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML http://www.everydayhealth.com/arthritis/understanding/index.aspx?p= http://www.rushcliffe- school.co.uk/PE/Documents/Types%20of%20Joints%20and%20Articulations.pdf http://www.saburchill.com/chapters/chap0008.html http://www.besthealth.com/besthealth/bodyguide/reftext/html/skel_sys_fin.html http://www.sci.port.ac.uk/rad/anatomy/05/004.htm http://www.botany.uwc.ac.za/sci_Ed/grade10/manphys/joints.htm http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/factfiles/joints/ellipsoidal_joint.shtml http://www.dummies.com/WileyCDA/DummiesArticle/Articulating-the-Importance-of- Joints-in-Anatomy.id-1209.html