1. MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS By
Fitris Roza. S.S, M.pd

2. Index Objectives Introduction What do modals do? Types of modals
Try Your Luck!
Practice Exercises

3. Objectives
This module is designed to instruct students in the use of English modal auxiliary verbs through the use of instruction, examples, and exercises. By the end of the module, students should be able to identify the nine different types of modals and their functions in a particular sentence.

4. Introduction English makes great use of helping verbs,
- which always needs another verb to complete their meaning.
I can play football
- Which modify the mood of a verb , which has nine different types. They modify the main verb by indicating modality, or manner.

5. What does a modal do?
Modals always precede the main verb and have several functions that often overlap. They indicate modality, or, how something is done. There are nine main types of modals: can, could, shall, should, will, would, may, might & must.

6. Types of Modals
Can: indicates physical ability in the present tense.ex: I can hold my breath for 2 minutes.
… also indicate permission, in informal
situations. ex: Can I go with you?
Could: Is sometimes referred to as the past tense of can. It can indicate past ability...
ex: I could lift 300 lbs. when I was younger.
…or it can show possibility.
ex: It could rain tomorrow.

7. Shall: can show intention. It can also indicate
willingness.
ex: We shall win the war!
Shall I accompany you to dinner?
Should: indicates logical necessity. This is a logical conclusion reached through common sense. It is not, however, an obligation.
ex: You should sleep eight hours a night.

8. Will: Can show willingness, much like shall
Will: Can show willingness, much like shall. It can indicate intention as well.
ex: Will you help me study for the test
I will be number one!
Would: Also shows willingness.
ex: Would you excuse me?

9. May: Refers to permission in a formal setting, as well as possibility.
ex: May I help you?
The road may be blocked.
Might: Indicates possibility.
ex: It might be too late for dinner.
Must: Shows obligation.
ex: You must eat to live.

10. Do the exercises .Try Your Luck!
Let’s see if we can identify the functions of some modal auxiliary verbs in sentences.
The waiter will be bringing our order soon.
intention
Logical necessity
permission

11. Want to try one more? Here you go! It might rain today.
permission
Physical ability
possibility

12. Practice Exercises The plane should leave at noon tomorrow.
Identify the function of the modals below.
The plane should leave at noon tomorrow.
Mandy could go with either Sam or Frodo.
Will you wake me at eight tomorrow?
I shall return!
Bob can swim very fast!
It might be too late for goodbyes.
You must turn to the dark side, Luke!
Can I have a soda?
How may I be of service?
It will be mine!

13. Useful Links
English for Beginners: A great site for practice exercises, including pronunciation, listening exercises, vocabulary, and verb usage.
English Zone: A site dedicated to English learning, covering different aspects of language learning ranging from grammar to composition writing.

14. RHL School: A site full of practice exercises of different aspects of English grammar.
Waylink English: A great page on modal auxiliary verbs.

15. Congratulations! See you next module!

16. Success!

17. Incorrect! Please Try Again.