1. Chapter 11 BUREAUCRACY: Redesigning Government for the Twenty-First Century © 2011 Taylor & Francis Organizational Focus

2. Bureaucratic Organization Divided into: Cabinet level Departments (e.g., Department of Homeland Security) Independent Regulatory Commissions and Agencies (e.g., Federal Reserve) Government Corporations, Boards, and Commissions (e.g., the U.S. Post Office) © 2011 Taylor & Francis

3. Characteristics of the American Federal Bureaucracy It is relatively small but highly organized/centralized But, it has tended to grow over time, especially since the end of the Civil War It has expanded into numerous areas of the economy and society © 2011 Taylor & Francis

4. Characteristics of the American Federal Bureaucracy It is mostly civilian but its militarized component has been pronounced since the World War II. It is subject to influence from clientele groups, presidential re-organization efforts, and congressional as well as judicial oversight It is diverse in its workforce © 2011 Taylor & Francis

5. In comparison—government employment

6. General Bureaucratic Growth

7. In Organization

8. In diversity

9. In Scope of Activity

10. In Scope of Activity cont.

11. In Scope cont.