1. TODD BERTUZZI All Star Hockey Player & Retaliation Machine

2. Abstract Biography Biography Steve Moore Incident Steve Moore Incident Motives Motives Motivation Theories Motivation Theories Aggression Aggression Apter’s Theory Apter’s Theory Guilt & Shame Guilt & Shame Emotional Intelligence Study Emotional Intelligence Study Draw Conclusions Draw Conclusions

3. Biography Born: Feb. 2, 1975 in Sudbury, Ontario Born: Feb. 2, 1975 in Sudbury, Ontario Married: wife Julie, daughter Jaden and son Tag Married: wife Julie, daughter Jaden and son Tag Played in the OHL for the Guelph Storm 1991 - 1995 Played in the OHL for the Guelph Storm 1991 - 1995 Drafted in the first round, (23 rd overall) in the 1993 NHL Entry Draft by the New York Islanders. Drafted in the first round, (23 rd overall) in the 1993 NHL Entry Draft by the New York Islanders.

4. Two years later, he made his NHL debut. Two years later, he made his NHL debut. In his 4 th season he was traded to the Vancouver Canucks. In his 4 th season he was traded to the Vancouver Canucks. 2001 – 2002 was his best NHL season, he finished 3 rd overall in scoring with 85 points. 2001 – 2002 was his best NHL season, he finished 3 rd overall in scoring with 85 points. March 8 th, 2004 Todd was involved in an incident with Steve Moore. March 8 th, 2004 Todd was involved in an incident with Steve Moore. Todd Currently plays for the Detroit Red Wings. Todd Currently plays for the Detroit Red Wings.

5. The Steve Moore Incident February 16, 2004 incident with Canucks captain Markus Naslund. February 16, 2004 incident with Canucks captain Markus Naslund. Referee did not call a penalty on the play. Referee did not call a penalty on the play. March 8, 2004 Bertuzzi attacked Moore. March 8, 2004 Bertuzzi attacked Moore.

6. Moore Incident cont.. Moore’s extensive injuries. Moore’s extensive injuries. Bertuzzi’s punishment. Bertuzzi’s punishment. Bertuzzi’s plea and aftermath Bertuzzi’s plea and aftermath

7. THE BIG QUESTION….. WHY DID TODD BERTUZZI ATTACK STEVE MOORE??????

8. 5 Types of Motives Achievement: striving for a standard of excellence Achievement: striving for a standard of excellence Social: interacting with people Social: interacting with people Self Esteem: feeling capable, self worth Self Esteem: feeling capable, self worth Physiological: innate feelings (hunger) Physiological: innate feelings (hunger) Stimulus Change: seek new experiences Stimulus Change: seek new experiences

9. Todd’s Motives Achievement Achievement Social Social Self Esteem Self Esteem

10. Theories of Motivation Drive Theory: internal tension motivates engagement in activities that reduce the tension. Drive Theory: internal tension motivates engagement in activities that reduce the tension. Learning Theory: behaviour is the result of learning from one’s environment with punishment & rewards. Learning Theory: behaviour is the result of learning from one’s environment with punishment & rewards. Needs Theory: Needs Theory: 1.) Maslow – whole person is motivated by 1 need. Needs are arranged in hierarchy. 2.) Murray – needs are physiological, and acquired.

11. Maslow’s Needs Theory Safety Needs: to feel secure, safe, and out of danger. Safety Needs: to feel secure, safe, and out of danger. Belongingness Needs: to affiliate with others, be accepted, and belong. Belongingness Needs: to affiliate with others, be accepted, and belong. Esteem Needs: to achieve, be competent, and gain approval and recognition. Esteem Needs: to achieve, be competent, and gain approval and recognition.

12. Murray’s Needs Theory Achievement: to overcome obstacles and attain a high standard. To rival and surpass others. To strive to master. Achievement: to overcome obstacles and attain a high standard. To rival and surpass others. To strive to master. Aggression: to assault or injure another. To fight. To oppose forcefully. To belittle, harm, blame, accuse or depreciate another. To revenge an injury. Aggression: to assault or injure another. To fight. To oppose forcefully. To belittle, harm, blame, accuse or depreciate another. To revenge an injury. Counteraction: to master or make up for failure by renewed effort. To overcome a weakness. To maintain honor, pride, and self-respect. Counteraction: to master or make up for failure by renewed effort. To overcome a weakness. To maintain honor, pride, and self-respect.

13. Aggression Aggression: not defined by harm but the coming together or intention of harm. Aggression: not defined by harm but the coming together or intention of harm. Predatory Predatory Inter-male Inter-male Fear-induced Fear-induced Territorial Territorial Maternal Maternal Sex-related Sex-related Irritable Irritable Instrumental Instrumental

14. Todd’s Display of Aggression Irritable: attack or destructive behaviour directed toward any object as the result of frustration, pain, deprivation, or any other stressor. Irritable: attack or destructive behaviour directed toward any object as the result of frustration, pain, deprivation, or any other stressor. Instrumental: aggressive behaviour that has previously resulted in some kind of reward. Instrumental: aggressive behaviour that has previously resulted in some kind of reward.

15. Hockey’s Universal Aggression “There’s definitely a bounty on his head. Clean hit or not, that’s our best player, and you respond. It’s going to be fun when we get him”. “There’s definitely a bounty on his head. Clean hit or not, that’s our best player, and you respond. It’s going to be fun when we get him”. - Brad May of the Vancouver Canucks, several days before Bertuzzi’s attack.

16. Coercive Action Coercive Action: as an action taken with the intention of imposing harm on another person or forcing compliance. It is used when behaviour of others is not in line with the wishes of person. Coercive Action: as an action taken with the intention of imposing harm on another person or forcing compliance. It is used when behaviour of others is not in line with the wishes of person.

17. Motivation by Goals Apter’s Theory: the level of stimulation that people prefer depends on their goals. Two types of goals: Apter’s Theory: the level of stimulation that people prefer depends on their goals. Two types of goals: a.) Telic – motivated by need for achievement b.) Paratelic – motivated by desire to experience

18. Aftermath of Incident Guilt: going against one’s person moral values or rules. Guilt: going against one’s person moral values or rules. Shame: failing to live up to one’s personal best. Shame: failing to live up to one’s personal best. “I am truly sorry. I don’t play the game that way, I’m not a mean spirited person. And I’m sorry for what happened”. – Todd Bertuzzi “I am truly sorry. I don’t play the game that way, I’m not a mean spirited person. And I’m sorry for what happened”. – Todd Bertuzzi “Steve I just want to apologize for what happened out there. I had no intention of hurting you”. “Steve I just want to apologize for what happened out there. I had no intention of hurting you”. - Todd Bertuzzi

19. Emotional Intelligence Case Study Emotional Intelligence in the NHL Emotional Intelligence in the NHL Subjects: during 2003/2004 season, 79 players from 24 teams. Subjects: during 2003/2004 season, 79 players from 24 teams. Measured on Bar-on Emotional Quotient Inventory Measured on Bar-on Emotional Quotient Inventory Emotional Intelligence Definition Emotional Intelligence Definition Purpose: to evaluate the standing on emotional intelligence of NHL players in relation to stress & performance. Purpose: to evaluate the standing on emotional intelligence of NHL players in relation to stress & performance.

20. Study Conclusions 29% of the variance in occupational performance is accounted by E.I. 29% of the variance in occupational performance is accounted by E.I. Hockey players scored high on E.I. – dispelling the theory that hockey players are emotionally deficient. Hockey players scored high on E.I. – dispelling the theory that hockey players are emotionally deficient. The more games you played the lower the E.I. was found to be The more games you played the lower the E.I. was found to be

21. Future Directions The affects of long term aggression on a hockey player like Todd Bertuzzi. The affects of long term aggression on a hockey player like Todd Bertuzzi. Future career/retirement Future career/retirement Cultural differences Cultural differences

22. Conclusions The Moore Incident although out of character for Todd Bertuzzi is explainable through motivations, such as achievement. The Moore Incident although out of character for Todd Bertuzzi is explainable through motivations, such as achievement. The drive and learning theories of motivation explain that stress and reinforcement attributed to his attack. The drive and learning theories of motivation explain that stress and reinforcement attributed to his attack. Todd displayed both irritable and instrumental aggression towards Moore, that is also a coercive action. Todd displayed both irritable and instrumental aggression towards Moore, that is also a coercive action. According to the Emotional Intelligence case study on NHL hockey players, Todd’s actions are perhaps the result of his prolonged career in the NHL and his loss in ability to control his actions. According to the Emotional Intelligence case study on NHL hockey players, Todd’s actions are perhaps the result of his prolonged career in the NHL and his loss in ability to control his actions.

23. References Curwen, T. (2007. January 9) Human Motivation. Lecture presented at Nipissing University. Curwen, T. (2007. January 9) Human Motivation. Lecture presented at Nipissing University. Franken, Robert. “Human Motivation”. Belmont, CA: Thompson Wadsworth. 2007. Franken, Robert. “Human Motivation”. Belmont, CA: Thompson Wadsworth. 2007. Perlini, A., Halverson, T. (2006). Emotional Intelligence in the National Hockey League. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 38 (2), 109-119. Perlini, A., Halverson, T. (2006). Emotional Intelligence in the National Hockey League. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 38 (2), 109-119. (2007). Todd Bertuzzi. Retrieved March 3, 2007, from Wikipedia Encyclopedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Todd_Bertuzzi (2007). Todd Bertuzzi. Retrieved March 3, 2007, from Wikipedia Encyclopedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Todd_Bertuzzi

24. Questions or Comments???