2. First land plants Bryophytes: mosses & liverworts –non-vascular no water transport system no true roots –swimming sperm flagellated sperm –lifecycle dominated by haploid gametophyte stage fuzzy moss plant you are familiar with is haploid –spores for reproduction haploid cells which sprout to form gametophyte diploidhaploid Where must mosses live?

3. Bryophytes: mosses & liverworts

4. Peat Bog “Peat Moss”

5. First vascular plants Pteridophytes: ferns –vascular water transport system xylem, phloem, roots, leaves –swimming sperm flagellated sperm –life cycle dominated by sporophyte stage leafy fern plant you are familiar with is diploid fragile independent gametophyte (prothallus) –spores for reproduction haploid cells which sprout to form gametophyte diploid Where must ferns live? haploid

6. Pteridophytes: Ferns SelaginellaPsilotum HorsetailsFerns

7. Alternation of generations Fern gametophyte (1n) –small haploid plant which produces gametes –homospory: male & female on same plant archegonia antheridia

8. diploid Alternation of generations haploid produces male & female gametes archegonia antheridia

9. Early Pteridophytes: Tree Ferns Carboniferous forest – 290-350 mya Forests of seedless plants decayed into deposits of coal & oil Fossil fuels… I get it!

10. Pteridophytes: Tree ferns fronds fiddleheads With fronds like these who needs enemies!