1. By: Sudesh Kalyanswamy and Ross Carstens
Liberia and Civil War
By:
Sudesh Kalyanswamy and Ross Carstens

2. Background Two civil wars First war from 1989-1995
Second war from
Period of fighting from

4. Pictures of Civil War

5. Causes of Civil War

6. What does it stand for?
ECOWAS – Economic Community of West African States
NPFL – National Patriotic Front of Liberia
Ecowas

7. Brief History Of Problem: Doe’s control
Samuel Doe takes control of gov’t.
Under pressure, Doe allows political parties to return
Doe wins presidential Election
U.S. says election characterized by fraud and rigging.
Ethnic conflicts increase

8. Brief History cont: Charles Taylor’s Uprising
NPFL, led by Taylor, begins revolt against gov’t.
ECOWAS sends peacekeeping force Doe is caught and executed by NPFL.
ECOWAS and NPFL agree to disarm and set up Interim Gov’t of National Unity
1992- NPFL launches assault on peacekeeping troops in Monrovia

9. Brief History Cont: End 1st Civil War and 2nd Civil War
Warring factions agree on timetable for disarmament and set up of joint Council of State
1995 – Peace agreement signed
1999 – Rebel forces come down from Guinea and attack town of Voinjama
Liberian forces launch attack against rebels
UN imposes arms embargo

10. Brief History: End 2nd Civil War
2002 – Taylor declares state of Emergency
2002- In Sept., Taylor lifts state of emergency
2003- Fighting intensifies, rebels battle for control of Monrovia, the capital
Aug Nigerian Peacekeepers arrive. Taylor leaves handing power to his deputy Moses Blah. US troops arrive.
Sept/Oct UN launches peacekeeping mission

11. Other Countries’ Reactions
Many countries sent peacekeeping troops along with the UN troops.
Countries Included: Namibia, Ethiopia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, China, Nepal, Jordan, and various Western Nations.

12. Peacekeeping Troops Map

13. Results of Civil War
Over 50,000 people have been displaced from their homes
220,000 people died in conflict

14. Leaders of Liberia Charles Taylor Doe, Samuel Bryant, Gyude
Blah, Moses

15. Solution to Problem
A treaty was made last Wednesday renouncing Civil War and initiating disarmament.

16. Peace Treaty The peace treaty is meant to be permanent.
Previous peace treaties have failed.
Ethnic groups probably still hold grudges against one another.
A western peace treaty may not stop war.

17. BIBLIOGRAPHY http://www.un.org/securitycouncil http://www.pbs.org

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THE END!
THANK YOU FOR WATCHING OUR PRESENTATION.