1. Geographic Technologies

2. What types of grid systems do you use in your daily life?
List It
What types of grid systems do you use in your daily life?

3. The Globe
A globe uses a grid system too. WRITE IT---- Why might cartographers (map makers) have created these systems of organization?

4. Spatial Perspective Geographers use spatial perspective.
Look for patterns in where things are located and how they are arranged.
Explanation of these patterns.

5. How do Geographers Address Location?
Maps
Tools
GIS
Remote Sensing
GPS

6. Latitude
Drawn east- west Measure distance north and south of the Equator Lines of latitude are also known as parallels

7. Longitude
Drawn in a north- south direction Measure distance east and west of the Prime Meridian Imaginary line that runs through Greenwich, England Also known as meridians

8. Latitude & Longitude working together
The global grid system uses the parallels and meridians.
Distance is measured in degrees.
When giving a location, or coordinates, latitude is always first.
Ex. Richmond, KY -- 37°N, 84°W

9. Mental Map
A map that represents the mental image that a person has of an area Help us make sense of the world around us by organizing information we have about places

10. Activity Divide the class into pairs.
Taking turns, one student should describe his or her mental map while the partner attempts to draw it.
Map of your neighborhood
When each partner has had a turn, exchange drawings.
How close was your drawing to your partner’s original mental map?

11. Write it
What makes a good map? Are maps accurate? Why or why not?

12. Maps Record and store information Analyze spatial patterns
Present information
The measure of a good map—
How well it conveys information to its readers.
What is the motive, intent, or goal of the map?
Who will read the map?
Where will it be used?
What data is available?

13. Map Projections
3D sphere and changing it into a 2D representation How do you take a ball and make it flat? Different map projections result in different spatial relationships.

14. Key components of maps
Scale Directional indicators Legend Title

15. GPS Uses measurements from 3+ satellites How accurate is GPS?
Depends on several variables
Design of receiver
$100 - $50,000
Positions/geometry of satellites
Differential corrections
Removal of measurement errors

16. GIS
A GIS is an immensely powerful computer mapping and analysis system Links geographic locations with information/data about them so you can create maps and analyze data in new ways Techniques for acquisition, manipulation, analysis, and display of spatial data

17. Remote sensing
Any of the several techniques of obtaining images of an area or object without having the sensor in direct physical contact with it, as by aerial photography or satellite sensors.