1. Matthew Turnbull and Josh Ward-Jackman

2. What is Phonics ‘A method of teaching word recognition or decoding that emphasises the sound-symbol (letter) relationship that exists in language’ (Rasinski & Padak, 2008). Being able to understand the letter-sound relationship.

3. What Will Be Discussed Various Approaches and Strategies to Teaching phonics to a grade 1 class How they link to the State and National Curriculum documents How students can develop their knowledge of sound- letter relationship.

4. Approaches Teaching Phonics – Analogy Approach Teaching students about word families helps the students gain an understanding of patterns in words Helps to practice and apply what they have learnt in different contexts. (Fellowes & Oakley, 2010)

5. Analytical Approach Helps Develop an understanding by analysing a word Often occurs in the contexts or reading books and shared reading (Fellowes & Oakley, 2010)

6. Embedded Phonics Approach This approach focus on the teaching of phonics and is taught within the context of reading (Fellowes & Oakley, 2010) In this approach children are taught to use context cues such as semantic and syntactic cues to understand and identify words

7. Teaching Phonics Through Spelling Allows the students to practice thinking about the sequence of sounds in words and how they might be represented Involves invented spelling, where children spell the word phonetically, that means they represent the sounds they hear and spell the word accordingly. Eg. Monster (Monstr) and Dog (Dg)

9. Consonants Blends Are the names given to two or three consonants that appear together in a word. Each consonant retains its sound when blended. Consonant blends only contain vowels and can help students develop an understanding of how 2 or more consonants can sound when blended.

10. Consonants Blends Words that contain R, I and S blends are ideal to start teaching to students of grade 1 class. Words Such as : Clap, Drum, Flat, Skid, Sled, Plan, Swat and trip – All words that are part of the National Curriculum strategy for year 1. Can be quite challenging to teach year 1’s as they must have and idea of single sound spelling of words.

11. Consonants Blends Many Creative Ways to Teach Consonant Blends. Games such as Phonics Bingo and Word Spinners Word Family Posters

12. Consonant Digraph Made up from two consonants which join together to produce a single sound The most common consonant digraphs are ch-, sh-, th-, ph- and wh and are all useful to start words helps the students develop and understanding about dual letter sounds.

14. Principles of Phonics Teaching Phonics should be taught discretely as a major approach to teaching early reading. The Rose Report (2006) explains that high quality phonic work is most effective when it is part of a broad curriculum. Works best when employs a range of multi-sensory activities to develop children’s oral language and phonics skills.

15. Principles of Phonics Teaching In Early years of schooling (grade 1) phonics should be taught everyday and reinforced across curriculum. Careful assessment is vital to ensure no student falls behind

16. State and National Curriculum - English/Literacy The Australian English curriculum is built around the three interrelated strands of Language, Literature and Literacy Literature Literacy Language

17. State and National Curriculum - English/Literacy By the end of Year 1 students should be able to listen to, read and view a range of spoken, written and multimodal texts, recognising the different purposes of these texts.

18. Conlusion...