1. EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE (EI) Presented by Derrick Lottes

2. OVERVIEW What is EI? History EI Models and Measurement Criticisms Applications in Industry Conclusion

3. What is EI? A self-perceived ability to identify, assess, and control the emotions of oneself, of others, and of groups

4. History Charles Darwin (1870s) Emotional expression for survival E.L. Thorndike (1920) Social intelligence David Wechsler (1940) Influence of non-intellectual factors on intelligent behavior

5. History Howard Gardner (1983) Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences Interpersonal Intelligence Intrapersonal Intelligence Wayne Payne (1985) A Study of Emotion: Developing Emotional Intelligence

6. Models Ability-Based Model Mixed Models Trait EI Model

7. Ability-Based Model Peter Salovey and John D. Mayer “the ability to perceive emotion, integrate emotion to facilitate thought, understand emotions, and to regulate emotions to promote personal growth” The Ability-Based Model: Views emotions as useful sources of information Proposes that individuals vary in their ability

8. Ability-Based Model According to this model, EI includes four types of abilities: Perceiving emotions Using emotions Understanding emotions Managing emotions

9. Measurement Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) Based on a series of emotion-based problem-solving items Measures individual’s abilities on each of the four types Generates scores for: each of the four abilities a total score One study purported: EI different from cognitive intelligence No distinction between measure and latent trait EI No evidence that measure provides incremental predictive validity

10. Mixed Models Goleman’s model Focuses on EI as a wide array of competencies and skills that drive leadership performance Goleman's model outlines four main EI constructs: Self-awareness Self-management Social awareness Relationship management

11. Measurement Two measurement tools are based on the Goleman model: The Emotional Competency Inventory Emotional and Social Competency Inventory The Emotional Intelligence Appraisal Self-report 360 degree assessment

12. Mixed Model Bar-On Model of Emotional-Social Intelligence Concerned with effectively: understanding oneself and others relating well to people adapting to and coping with the immediate surroundings Emotional intelligence and cognitive intelligence contributes equally to a person's general intelligence offers an indication of one's potential to succeed in life.

13. Measurement Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory Self-report Consists of 133 items used to obtain a Total EQ Also gives 5 composite scores Limitations Self-report measure Highly susceptible to faking

14. Trait Model Petrides et al.’s Triat EI model is “a constellation of emotional self-perceptions located at the lower levels of personality.” Trait EI refers to an individual’s self-perceptions of their emotional abilities. Definition encompasses: Behavioral dispositions Self-perceived abilities

15. Measurement Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue) Self-report 15 subscales organized under 4 factors: Well-being Self-control Emotionality Sociability Along with scores for the subscales and main factors, a global trait EI score is also given Reliability – Internal consistency 10 subscales range between.71 and.91 5 subscales are below.70

16. Measurement Scores were unrelated to nonverbal reasoning Raven’s matrices TEIQue scores were positively related to some of the Big Five personality traits Positively related – Agreeableness (.47), Openness (.41), Conscientiousness (.41), Emotional Stability (.42) Negatively related – Neuroticism (-.17)

17. Criticisms Theory EI cannot be recognized as a form of intelligence EI has little predictive value Measures of EI Ability EI scales measure: Conformity, not ability Knowledge (not actual ability) Personality and general intelligence Self-report measures are susceptible to faking Claims for the predictive power of EI are too extreme

18. Applications of EI in Industry Research of EI and job performance show mixed results Compensatory model between EI & IQ (Cote & Miner, 2006) Relationship between EI and job performance becomes more positive as cognitive intelligence decreases Study supported compensatory model (Petrides, et al., 2004)

19. Conclusions Idea of EI has been around since Darwin 3 types of models: Ability-Based Model Mixed Model Trait Model Utility is questionable at best Compensatory model

20. QUESTIONS???