1. Initiating Question Think to yourself… what are the three necessary components of independent clauses? **If you’re struggling, think about ANYTHING you know about independent clauses.

2. Independent and Dependent Clauses

3. Independent Clauses— SENTENCES! Contain: Subject (example: The boy) Verb (example: hits) Complete thought (example: The boy hits the ball). Examples: Stefan carried the ball to his sister. Elisabeth cried. They smiled.

4. Dependent Clauses—NOT COMPLETE SENTENCES! Are… Groups of words that contain subjects and verbs but DO NOT express complete thoughts—begin with subordinating conjunctions Examples: When I am sixteen Although it is warm outside Because Joseph lied

5. Why Are Clauses Important? They express information in different ways. They can be combined into various types of sentences!

6. Types of Sentences Simple, Compound, Complex, Compound-Complex

7. Simple Sentences Contain… 1 Independent Clause 0 Dependent Clauses Examples: My sister enjoys singing with you. They behaved like monsters. I looked for Henry and Agatha at the cafeteria.

8. Compound Sentences Contain… 2 (or more) Independent Clauses Comma + Coordinating Conjunction (or semicolon) 0 Dependent Clauses Examples: I like babysitting, but those kids are terrible! George likes to sing, and I like to dance. I was locked out of the house, so I cried.

9. Complex Sentences Contain… 1 Independent Clause 1 (or more) Dependent Clause (before or after IC) If DC is first, use a comma If IC is first, don’t use a comma Examples: When the bell rang, the students ran to their seats. The students ran to their seats when the bell rang.

10. Compound-Complex Sentences Contain… 2 (or more) Independent Clauses 1 (or more) Dependent Clause Examples: When the bell rang, the students ran to their seats, and the teacher began the lesson. Although I like to go camping, I haven't had the time to go lately, and I haven't found anyone to go with me.

11. How Can Knowing the Types of Sentences Help Our Writing? We can vary our syntax (sentence structure) by using different types of sentences. Varying sentence structures (and lengths) can make our writing more engaging.

13. Colons 1.Use the colon after a complete sentence to introduce a list We learned many writing fundamentals: grammar, punctuation, style, and voice. 2.Use the colon to introduce a quotation. Shakespeare urged others to be original and authentic: “To thine own self be true.” 3.Use the colon to follow the salutation of a business letter (but use a comma with personal communication) Dear Mr. Robinson: 4.Time 4:30 5.Subtitles Mario Kart: Super Circuit

15. Semi-Colons