1. Do-Now Take out your homework. Use page 2 to contribute to the flow charts on the board. Leave the packets on your desk open to page 3 so that we can check to see it is not completed. Wednesday, April 1 st Agenda Do-Now Homework Quiz Intro to Manifest Destiny with questions Homework Finish Manifest Destiny Questions

2. Do-Now What does the word “Destiny” mean? Do you think that as Americans today we have a sense of destiny for our country? Why or why not? Where are we headed as a nation?

3. Intro To Manifest Destiny 1.What is Manifest Destiny? 2.What are some of the reasons why Americans went west? 3.Who is James K. Polk? 4.How did he lead the way toward America’s Manifest Destiny? 5.What overall effects did Manifest Destiny have on Native Americans? 6.What is the Black Hawk War?

4. AMERICA’S MANIFEST DESTINY Expanding our borders from sea to shining sea

5. A Period of Expansion Expansion Fever hits [again] in 1840’s –Americans were moving west, energized by a belief in the rightful expansion of the US from coast to coast

6. Manifest Destiny

9. Manifest Destiny- The 19th century belief that the US was destined to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican and Native American territory –America should become a vast republic, spreading the blessings of democracy and civilization across the continent –Many believed westward and southward expansion was destined and ordained by God –This concept was used to justify settling westward lands

10. Manifest Destiny The actual term came from the editor of the United States Magazine & Democratic Review. He reported the Annexation of TX (1845) as : “the fulfillment of our manifest destiny over spread the continent allotted by Providence for the free development of our yearly multiplying millions.”

11. So, why go west? Americans hit the trails to: Escape religious persecution Find new markets for commerce Claim land for farming, ranching, and mining Locate harbors on the Pacific for trade Seek employment and avoid creditors after the panic of 1837 Spread the virtues of democracy Fulfill America’s “Manifest Destiny”

12. Who is James K. Polk? November 2, 1795 - June 15, 1849

13. Who is James K. Polk? 11th President (1845-1849) Democrat from NC –“Dark horse candidate” –“Polk the purposeful” Responsible for great territorial expansion Led the US into war with Mexico in 1846

14. James K. Polk Born in NC, lived in TN Democrat, a friend and firm supporter of Andrew Jackson and his policies –Aided Jackson’s war on the National Bank The last Jacksonian –last “strong” president before the Civil War

15. James K. Polk How he led the way to our Manifest Destiny Committed to geographic expansion Ignored Whig objections, worked for the largest territorial gains in the nation's history –New lands exceeded the Louisiana Purchase –He secured the Oregon Territory WA, OR, ID, MT, WY –Purchased 1.2 million square miles in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (the end of the Mexican-American War) NM, CA, AZ, NV, CO, UT –Completed the acquisition of most of the current continental 48 states

16. Polk Trivia Scholars have ranked him 8th to 12th on the list of greatest presidents for his ability to set an agenda and achieve all of it Oversaw the opening of the U.S. Naval Academy, the Smithsonian, the groundbreaking for the Washington Monument, and the first postage stamps in the US First President to be photographed frequently in office First president not to seek reelection after one term

17. Manifest Destiny EFFECTS ON NATIVE AMERICANS Westward settlements conflicted with existing Native American communities Native Americans responded by: Fighting Assimilating Ceding lands while clinging to their traditions elsewhere

18. The Black Hawk War 1832, Old Northwest Territory The Sauk and Fox tribes take a stand Manifest Destiny

19. The Black Hawk War Rebellion motivated by: a prophecy increasing pressure by white settlers

20. The Black Hawk War –resulted in devastation for the Native Americans –August 1832, Illinois militia members slaughtered more than 200 Sauk & Fox people Tribes were forced to relocate west of the Mississippi –Eventually confined to reservations Manifest Destiny EFFECTS ON NATIVE AMERICANS

21. American pioneers / settlers became fearful US government responds with a conference near Laramie, WY Goal: “To maintain good faith and friendship in all their mutual intercourse, and to make an effective and lasting peace.” Treaty of Fort Laramie (1851) Provided various Native American nations control of the Central Plains In return they promised peaceful interaction with settlers –US government also promised to honor boundaries and to make annual payments to the Native Americans Terms of the treaty were repeatedly violated –Native hunting grounds were destroyed –more treaties ensue, resigning Native Americans to reservations

22. Intro To Manifest Destiny 1.What is Manifest Destiny? 2.What are some of the reasons why Americans went west? 3.Who is James K. Polk? 4.How did he lead the way toward America’s Manifest Destiny? 5.What overall effects did Manifest Destiny have on Native Americans? 6.What is the Black Hawk War?