1. Temperature, thermal energy, and heat
Ch 3 Lesson 3
Temperature, thermal energy, and heat

2. Main Idea:
Thermal energy (heat) flows from areas of higher temperature to areas of low temperature.
From hot to cold

3. It's the measure of the kinetic energy of particles in a material.
What is temperature?
It's the measure of the kinetic energy of particles in a material.

4. Temperature and Matter
All matter, contains particles such as atoms and molecules that are always moving.

5. How do you measure temperature?
Thermometer
Fahrenheit
Celsius
Kelvin
Degrees

6. Measuring Temperature
These are the average temperatures in the world. This is an infrared Map.

7. Thermal Expansion
It’s an increase in the volume (size) of a substance when the temperature increases.

8. Most materials expand (get bigger) when the temperature increases.
Thermal Expansion
Most materials expand (get bigger) when the temperature increases.

9. As the temperature decreases, the volume (size) will decrease as well.
Col
Volume
As the temperature decreases, the volume (size) will decrease as well.

10. Density
As the temperature increases, space between the particles gets bigger and the density will decrease.

11. Heat
The movement of thermal energy from an object at a higher temperature to an object at a lower temperature is called heat.

12. Thermal energy transfers in 3 ways: Convection Conduction Radiation
Thermal Transfer
Thermal energy transfers in 3 ways:
Convection
Conduction
Radiation

13. Radiation Heat is transferred through space by electromagnetic waves.
EXAMPLE: The heat you feel from a fire.

14. Radiation

15. Heat transferred by the movement of molecules within a substance.
Convection
Heat transferred by the movement of molecules within a substance.
Movement occurs from warmer areas to cooler areas. It's only for liquids and gases.

16. Conduction
The movement of thermal energy through the collision of particles.
Example: the handle of a pot gets hot.
The molecules are playing tag

17. Conductors Conductors are materials that transfer heat easily.
Examples: metals like copper and gold

18. An insulator is a material that does not transfer heat easily.
Insulators
An insulator is a material that does not transfer heat easily.
Examples: liquids, gases, rubber, fat
A jacket

19. Chemical energy can be changed to radiant and thermal energy.
Energy transfer
Chemical energy can be changed to radiant and thermal energy.

20. Logs are fuel that can be burned to release energy.
Energy transfer
Logs are fuel that can be burned to release energy.
Fuel is a material that can be burned to produce energy.

21. Energy transfer
Kinetic energy can be converted to thermal energy when two objects move against each other.
When two objects rub against each other, they produce friction.