1. Second Sudan Consortium March 2007 Water Supply and Sanitation Service Delivery and Challenges in Southern Sudan Ministry of Cooperatives and Rural Development Government of Southern Sudan

2. Introduction – Broad Sector Context ● Three Key GoSS Level Ministries for the Water Sector  Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation (MWRI) => Overall Leadership of Water Sector + Water Resources Management and Water for Production  Ministry of Cooperatives and Rural Development (MCRD)=> Rural Water Supply and Sanitation (RWSS)  Ministry of Housing, Lands and Public Utilities (MHLPU)=> Urban Water Supply and Sewerage ● Directorates for Rural Water Supply and Sanitation exist at state level in Ministry of Physical Infrastructure => responsible for coordinating planning and implementation of water and sanitation service delivery and hygiene promotion. ● Water and Sanitation teams are being established at the county levels ● Sector development is evolving towards emergence of a comprehensive and coherent water and sanitation programme

3. Introduction – Broad Sector Context ● Overall Sub-sector development objective: To increase access to safe water and basic sanitation and to build capacity for sustainable management, regulation and expansion of water and sanitation services in Southern Sudan ● To ensure progress towards achievement of MDG 7:  About 1200 new safe water points to be created and 700 existing/non- functioning water points to be rehabilitated annually  About 65,000 household, communal and institutional improved latrine compartments to be constructed per year  Gross annual investment requirement for water facilities is about USD 20 million and for sanitation facilities is about USD 30 million  Need for the development of a comprehensive and coherent water supply and sanitation programme

4. Sector Policy Development ● Policy Development Process initiated in 2005 ● Agreement reached on developing a Single Water Policy for Southern Sudan ● After consultations final draft to be submitted by 30 June 2007 to GoSS for approval ● Sub-sector strategies to be developed for  Rural Water Supply and Sanitation (discussions initiated)  Urban Water Supply and Sewerage  Water Resources Management and Protection and Water for Production (agric, industry, hydropower, navigation)

5. Existing and Planned Sector Coordination Structures ● Existing  Water Sector Steering Committee – sector-wide, government led (MWRI Chairing)  Quarterly water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) Planning and Coordination Meetings – government led (MCRD Chairing)  Sector lead and coordination under UN and Partners workplan – UNICEF Led  Coordination among NGOs – NGO led  Budget Sector Working Group – government led ● Planned  Water Council - all government and led by MWRI  State Water Sector Steering Committees – state government led (MPI)  County Water Sector Steering Committees – government led (County RWSS)

6. Safe Water Provision ● Access to safe water - preliminary results of Sudan Household Health Survey (SHHS) puts this as 62%;previous estimate of Joint Assessment Mission (JAM) was 25% ● A comprehensive inventory of safe water facilities to be initiated in 2007 ● Basic Safe Water Options:  New boreholes equipped with handpumps  Small and medium mechanised water systems (“water yards”)  Rehabilitation of existing water points (dug wells, boreholes, water yards)  New and rehabilitated dug wells  Protected springs

7. Safe Water Provision – 2007 Focus ● Construction of new and rehabilitation of broken down safe water facilities ● Priority areas:  Communities with high numbers of returnees and way stations  Guinea worm endemic communities  Communities experiencing Cholera outbreak  Schools – to support “Go to School” initiative  Health facilities ● Establishment of a strategy for drinking water quality management (surveillance and monitoring) ● Consolidating the system for operation and maintenance (supply chain for spare parts)

8. Sanitation Improvement and Hygiene Promotion ● Access to basic sanitation - preliminary results of SHHS puts this as 6.9%; previous estimate of JAM was 30% ● Promotion of household latrine construction and construction of latrines in schools, public places and health facilities ● Hygiene promotion campaigns ● Strategic Aspects:  Developing a strategy for sanitation improvement including agreement of roles & responsibilities among GoSS Ministries  Carrying out Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Surveys  Developing a communication plan and strategy for hygiene promotion  Training and equipping of hygiene promoters in appropriate communication approaches (e.g. PHAST)

9. Capacity Building for Management ● Agreements reached on structure for RWSS Departments in MCRD, State Ministries of Physical Infrastructure and Counties ● Provision office equipment and vehicles to MCRD and States ● Technical support for development of core systems and institutional capacity assessments ● Establishment and management of database for water and sanitation facilities – movement of database from Loki to Juba ● Strategic training for senior WASH managers in 2007 through study tours and water and sanitation management training ● Establishing and rebuilding of technical training institute in Amadi ● Establishment of supply chains to ensure easy access to handpump spare parts

10. Challenges ● Effective coordination between 3 different ministries for the water sector and of NGOs to ensure transparency, equity and better budget planning ● Decentralisation - clarifying institutional structures and defining institutional roles and responsibilities at GoSS and state levels for rural and urban sub-sectors ● Setting up water tariffs and developing subsidising models for creating and maintenance of water points ● Community ownership and participation in service delivery - low level of community participation in management of water and sanitation services => transition from humanitarian to recovery/development ● Low local private sector capacity for water point and latrine construction and for supply chain for handpump spare parts for maintenance to ensure sustainability of water services ● Limitations imposed to water point construction due to poor road network and poor road conditions during wet season ● High cost of borehole drilling by private sector – average about $12,000/borehole

11. Priorities for 2007 ● Approval of Water Policy and development of sub-sector strategies ● Establishment of a high level water sector body - Water Council ● Consolidation of institutional structures at three levels of government ● Safe water provision for returnees, and Guinea worm endemic and Cholera prone communities, schools and health centres ● Establishment of sound contract procurement and supervision arrangements ● Human resources development for coordination, planning and management of implementation ● Building state level capacity to respond to emergencies especially Cholera

12. Thank You for Your Attention