2. Remember…its like graphing in math class.

3. Typical Graph (0,0) (3,8) Y X (9,5)

4. East West, North South on The Earth  Let the X axis be the Equator.  Let the Y axis be the Prime Meridian that runs through Greenwich outside of London.  Lat/Long are the 2 grid points by which you can locate any point on earth. Y X

5. East West, North South on the Earth  Let each of the four quarters then be designated by North or South and East or West. N S EW

6. East West, North South on the Earth  The N tells us we’re north of the Equator. The S tells us we’re south of the Equator.  The E tells us that we’re east of the Prime Meridian. The W tells us that we’re west of the Prime Meridian. (N, W) (N, E) (S, W) (S, E)

7. East West, North South on the Earth  That means all points in North America will have a North latitude and a West longitude because it is North of the Equator and West of the Prime Meridian. (N, W) Prime Meridian

8. East West, North South on the Earth  What would be the latitude and longitude directions in Australia? Prime Meridian ? If you said South and East, you’re right!

9. What is Latitude?  All points along the equator have a value of 0 degrees latitude.  North pole = 90°N  South pole = 90°S  Values are expressed in terms of degrees. Y X 90°S 90°N

10. What is Longitude?  Longitude is the distance from the prime meridian along the X axis.  All points along the prime meridian have a value of 0 degrees longitude.  The earth is divided into two parts, or hemispheres, of east and west longitude. Y X 180°W 180°E

11. What is Longitude?  The earth is divided into 360 equal slices (meridians)  180 west and 180 east of the prime meridian Y X 180°W 180°E

12. Orange cut through lines of longitude Orange cut through lines of latitude

13. Equator Latitude 0 o Latitude: (90 o N to 90 o S) Latitude 23½ o NorthTropic of Cancer Latitude 23½ o South Tropic of Capricorn Longitude 30 o East Longitude 60 o East Longitude 30 o West Longitude 60 o West Positioning on the Earth’s Surface East is the direction of rotation of the Earth North Pole South Pole 23½ o 66½ o 90 o 90 0 21 st June 22 nd December 22 nd Sept 20 th March 30 o E 60 o E90 o E 90 o W 30 o W 60 o W Longitude 90 o East Longitude 90 o West Prime Meridian 0 o Longitude Longitude: (180 o E to 180 o W) Latitude and Longitude together enable the fixing of position on the Earth’s surface.

14. Now you’re ready to find some locations on a map!