1. Junior/Senior health Period 1- Mr. Vazquez
Contraception
Junior/Senior health Period 1- Mr. Vazquez

2. Facts About Pregnancy Prevention
750,000 teens become pregnant each year
Sperm can live from 3-6 days in the female reproductive tract
Sometimes females can ovulate before their first menstruation
Combination of sperm life and ovulation means pregnancy can occur during menstruation
It only takes one
Sperm cannot be flushed out of the vagina by urinating

3. Facts Continued Sperm cannot be flushed out by douching
It can just take a few minutes for pregnancy to occur
Withdrawal is not an affective method
Pre-Ejaculatory
Semen deposited near vagina
Self Control

4. Contraception Contraception-prevention of pregnancy
Only one 100% method=Abstinence
4 Categories of Contraception:
Fertility Awareness Methods (FAM)
Barrier Methods
Hormonal Methods
Permanent Methods

5. Fertility Awareness Methods
FAM=methods of contraception that involve determining the fertile days of the female’s menstrual cycle, and avoiding intercourse those days
These methods are about 80% effective
Teen’s menstruation cycle is irregular, less easy to predict
Basal Body Temp Method- Uses body temperature to measure ovulation
Cervical Mucus Method- Checking the mucus levels, clear, stringy, slippery means ovulation is nearing
Once ovulation is determined to be near the couple will refrain from sexual intercourse for 6-7 days before and 3 days after ovulation
Menstrual Cycle must be regulated, no protection against STD’s

6. Barrier Methods
Barrier methods are devices that prevent the sperm from reaching the egg either physically or chemically.
Male Condom- a thin sheath of latex, plastic, or animal tissue that is placed on the erect penis to catch semen. Some are coated with spermicides.
Female Condom- a polyurethane pouch that fits inside the vagina.
*No petroleum based products should be used with condoms
*No heat, especially when storing

7. The Sponge A disc-shaped polyurethane device that contains spermicide
Must be placed in the vagina prior to sexual intercourse
Works for up to 24 hours
Cannot be removed for up to 6 hours
Must be removed by 30 hours

8. The Diaphragm and Cervical Cap
Have to be obtained through prescription
Diaphragm- a soft latex or silicone cup with a flexible rim that covers the entrance to the cervix
Must be placed in before sexual activity and left in for 6 hours after, but no more than 24
If sexual intercourse occurs again must reapply spermicides without removing
Cervical Cap-a thimble-shaped, soft latex cup that fits snugly over the cervix. Spermicides are applied to both sides before insertion.
Must be filled 1/3 with spermicides, Stay in at least 6 hours after, but not more than 48
Both come in different sizes, so a pelvic exam is required
Must be resized after birth, weight gain, weight loss

10. Spermicides
Foams, Jellies, Creams, and Tablets are non-prescription forms of birth control that contain spermicides
Usually applied using an applicator deep into the vagina near the cervix
To be affective must be applied 5 to 90 minutes before intercourse
Must remain in place from 6-8 hours after, do not wash

12. Hormonal Methods
Work by suppressing ovulation or preventing fertilization or implantation
Oral contraceptives, patches, vaginal rings, injections, and implants

13. The Birth Control Pill
Oral Contraceptives- hormone pills that, taken correctly, create changes in the female body that prevent pregnancy.
Prescribed by a doctor
Contain synthetic versions of estrogen and progesterone
Must be taken everyday to be effective- 99.9%
Missed pill=Another form of contraception

14. The Pill Side Effects Nausea Weight Gain Mood Swings
Changes in Menstrual Cycle
High Blood Pressure, Blood Clots, and Stroke- Not for Overweight or Smokers

16. The Patch
Is hormonal contraceptive by releasing estrogen and progestin to stop ovulation
Prescription only
Worn on the lower abdomen, buttocks, or upper body
Replaced once a week for three weeks
Higher risk for blood clots

17. Vaginal Contraceptive Ring
Prescribed by the doctor
Releases estrogen and progestin to stop ovulation
A flexible ring that is placed in the vagina for three weeks and then removed during menstruation
Must be in place for 7 consecutive days
If removed more than 3 hours then another form of contraception should be used

19. Contraceptive Injection
A injection that female receives every three months to prevent ovulation
Prescription Required
Contains progestin.
Thickens cervical mucus as well as prevents ovulation
Not to be used long term due to high levels of progesterone
Usually started during or a few days after a menstrual cycle

21. Contraceptive Implants
A thin rod that is placed under the skin on the upper arm by a doctor
The rod releases progestin which thickens the cervical mucus preventing sperm from traveling too far
It can also prevent ovulation altogether

22. Permanent Methods
Methods that involve surgical procedures that make a male or female incapable of reproducing
Vasectomy- A sterilization procedure for males in which each vas deferens is cut and sealed
Permanent method in which sperm are separated from semen
Sperm still produced
Takes ejaculations to clear all semen of sperm
Reversal should not be planned

24. Tubal Ligation
Sterilization process for females in which the fallopian tubes are cut and tied or clamped to prevent sperm from reaching the ova
An ova is still released, but will just dissolve
Requires hospital stay
No reversal should be planned

26. Abstinence
The only 100% effective method
Also effective against STD’s