1. Tools of GEO and MAPS: How do we use them???

2. Research methods/TOOLS used to study Geography:
Direct Observation – visiting a region, aerial photos & satellite
Mapping / Cartography – study & making maps
Statistics - math
Technology
Graphic information systems (GIS)
Definition: computer systems that store and analyze geographic data (ex: GOOGLE Earth)
Global Positioning system (GPS)
Definition: a system that uses satellites and receivers to determine absolute location
Insert a picture of one of the geographic features of your country.

3. T.O.D.A.L.S.I.G.S.’s. T is for TITLE: What is this map of?
O is for Orientation: Compass Rose
D is for Date: When was this map created?
A is for Author: Who created this map?

4. L is for LEGEND: What do the things on this map represent. (think key

5. S is for SCALE
Map Scale is the ratio of the distance on the map to the distance on the ground
Large Scale
Small Scale

6. One inch on a map could equal 1,000 kilometers in real life
***One inch on a map could equal 1,000 kilometers in real life! It shows us distance!
SCALE

7. I is for Index: What does the map include?
Used usually in books of maps called ATLASES

8. G is for Grid System
Combining Longitude and Latitude allow people to identify exact locations of places on the earth (absolute location)
(DON’T COPY below)
Example:
Denver is found at 39 degrees North Latitude and 104 degrees West Longitude

9. GRID: Meridian (Longitude)
Lines that run north and south or vertical: divide world into Eastern Hemisphere and Western Hemisphere
0 degrees called Prime Meridian
Goes through Greenwich, England
180 degrees is called the International date line: Cross the line from the east to the west and a day is added. Cross from west to the east and a day is subtracted
Insert a picture illustrating a season in your country.

10. GRID: Parallels (Latitude)
Imaginary lines that run west to east or horizontal
0 degrees latitude called equator
Two other major parallels are the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn
-located 23 ½ degrees above and below the equator

12. S is for source: What did you use to make this map
S is for source: What did you use to make this map? (IF not obtained by direct experience or observation)… GIVE CREDIT!
’s is for: surrounding areas (places or features that border the map)

13. MAP ACTIVITY Create a map of your home or school using the TODALSIGS’s
You don’t have to include I or G
For the key, color code rooms or buildings and include symbols for things like trees if necessary
It should look like a blueprint (like you’ve chopped off the roof of your house and you’re looking down at it)

14. “Know Your World”: MAP Activity #2
Label the areas on the maps with the letters given.
Bodies of Water (label and color blue): Oceans (4), Mediterranean/Black/Aral/Norwegian/North/Caspian/Red Seas and Sea of Japan (8), Gulf of Mexico, Mississippi River, Nile River, Volga River, Rio Grande, Danube River, Persian Gulf, English Channel
Land (label): Continents(7), Rocky Mts., Himalaya Mts., Sahara Desert, Alps (Mts.), Carpathian Mts., Ural Mts.
Find (write on back): examples of a Peninsula, Archipelago, plateau
Find Latitude and Longitudes for (label, write on back): New York City; Tokyo, Japan; Moscow, Russia; Cape town, South Africa; Mexico City, Mexico; London, England; Paris, France; Buenos Aires, Argentina; Munich, Germany; Constantinople, Turkey; Rome, Italy; Sydney, Australia….. Include a city of your choice as well!
IF THINGS DON’T FIT…. Create a KEY! (TODALSIG’s!)