1. Ornamental Horticulture Unit: Seeds to Flowers
Floral Design
Miss. Perry

2. Seeds – General Information
Mature, fertilized eggs contained inside fruit
Range in size from a few millimeters to a few inches
Can be flat, round or cylinder-shaped
Distributed by wind, water or animals

3. Basic Parts of a Seed:
Seed embryo – complete miniature plant in a resting stage
Divided into the epicotyl and hypocotyl
Endosperm – stored food that contains sugars, proteins, and fats; used during the first stages of development
Seed coat – tissue that surrounds the embryo and the stored food; protects seed from H2O loss and injury

4. Internal Parts of a Monocot1 2 3 4 5
Seed coat
Cotyledons
Endosperm
Hypocotyl
Epicotyl

5. Internal Parts of a Dicot
Seed coat
Cotyledons
Endosperm
Hypocotyl
Epicotyl

6. Germination The process of a seed developing into a plant
Requirements:
Adequate moisture
Oxygen
Proper temperature
Light

7. Steps in Germination Process
Seed absorbs water
Water cracks the seed coat, activating growth
Root shoot (hypocotyl) begins to grow downward
Stem shoot (epicotyl) begins to grow upward
Normal growth continues Green leaves begin to develop

8. B U L B S

9. What is a bulb? An underground stem that
contains an embryonic plant inside
Will begin to grow when the conditions are right
Scales:
Modified leaves that overlap each other; gives the bulb a swollen, pear-shaped look; protects the embryo inside

10. The base of the bulb is called the basal plate
The base of the bulb is called the basal plate. It holds the bulb together and produces roots.
Bulbs can live for many years.
They will produce new, smaller bulbs from the basal plate.

11. Buying & Planting Bulbs
Bulbs should be bought and planted during the dormant period
Dormant period: the time period when plants are not actively growing (growth is slowed down – usually during winter)
Dormant bulbs will not have leaves or roots.
Look for plump, firm bulbs. A soft, mushy feel is an indication of rot.

12. Where do you buy bulbs? Retail nurseries Mail order catalogs
On-line resources

13. Planting Bulbs
Soil – bulbs need good drainage (otherwise roots will drown and the bulb itself will rot)
Always determine proper planting depth. Different types of bulbs require different depths.
Water – Most bulbs need water from the moment they begin growing until after they flower

14. Common Bulbs
Crocus
Tulips
Gladiolus

15. Common Bulbs
Daffodils
Iris
Hyacinthus

16. All About Flowers!

17. Functions of Flowers Aid in sexual reproduction
Contain reproductive parts
Attract insects for pollination (bright colors, fragrant scents)

18. Complete Flowers Made up of 5 parts:
Receptacle – the enlarged stem tip, to which other flower parts are attached
Sepals – form an outer circle of leaf-like structures; collectively called the calyx
Protect the flower bud

19. 3) Petals – colorful parts of the flower; collectively called the corolla
Some secrete sugary nectar
Some secrete fragrant compounds
4) Stamens – male parts of the flower
Located inside the petals
Made of the filament and anther

20. 5) Pistils – the female parts of the flower; located in the center of the pollen
Made of 3 parts:
Stigma – sticky surface that captures pollen
Style – support structure that leads from stigma to ovary
Ovary – enlarged part where seeds are formed

21. Pistil
Petal
Stamen
Sepal
Receptacle

22. Perfect Flowers (Bisexual)
Incomplete Flowers
Missing one or more of the 5 basic flower parts
Perfect Flowers (Bisexual)
Have both male and female flower organs
Imperfect Flowers (Unisexual)
Flowers that have either male OR female organs – not both

23. Monecious Plants Dioecious Plants
Plants that bear both male and female flowers (capable of self-pollinization)
Dioecious Plants
Plants that carry only male OR female flowers (not capable of self-pollinization)