1. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 2: What are the Major Types of Social Research? MAN-10 Research Methods Instructor Erlan Bakiev, Ph. D.

2. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Basic research Applied research Use and Audience of Research

3. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Use and Audience of Research Applied research – Three types of applied research Evaluation research Action research – Participatory action research Social impact assessment – Tools in applied research Needs assessment Cost-benefit analysis

4. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Forms of knowledge – Instrumental knowledge – Reflexive knowledge Audience of research – Public – Activists – General practitioner – Narrow practitioner Beyond Basic-Applied Dichotomy

5. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Beyond Basic-Applied Dichotomy Research autonomy Commissioned social research

6. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

7. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Exploratory research – Familiar w/ basic facts – Create a general picture – Formulate question for future research – Generate new ideas for research – Feasibility of future research – Measurement development Purpose of Research

8. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Purpose of Research Descriptive research – Detailed, highly accurate picture – Locate new data – Create typology – Clarify stages or process – Document a causal process – Report on background or context

9. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Purpose of Research Explanatory research – Test hypothesis – Elaborate/elaborate theory – Support/refute theory – Link specific situation to theory

10. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

11. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Within or Across Cases Case-Study Research – Conceptual validity – Heuristic impact – Causal mechanisms identification – Ability to capture complexity and trace processes – Calibration – Holistic elaboration

12. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Within or Across Cases Across-Case Research

13. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Single or Multiple Points in Time Cross-sectional research

14. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Single or Multiple Points in Time Longitudinal Time series research Insert NEW 2.3 Table section (here)

15. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Panel research Single or Multiple Points in Time Longitudinal

16. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Single or Multiple Points in Time Longitudinal Cohort study

17. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Data Collection Techniques Quantitative data – Experiments – Surveys – Nonreactive Research Content analysis Existing statistics

18. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Qualitative data – Field research – Historical-comparative research Data Collection Techniques