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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20051 Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach 7/e James M. Henslin Chapter Two: Culture James M. Henslin Chapter Two: Culture This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program.
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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20052 Language, Beliefs, Values, Norms, Behavior Passed from One Generation to the Next Material vs. Nonmaterial Cultures What is Culture?
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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20053 What is Normal, Natural, or Usual? The Culture Within Us Culture as Lens Culture Shock Ethnocentrism Culture and Taken-for-Granted Orientations
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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20054 Understanding Cultures on Their Own Terms “Sick Cultures” Confronting Contrasting Views of Reality Practicing Cultural Relativism
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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20055 Gestures Language Components of Symbolic Culture
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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20056 Allows Human Experience to be Cumulative Provides a Social or Shared Past Provides a Social or Shared Future Allows Shared Perspectives Allows Complex, Shared, Goal-Directed Behavior Language and Culture
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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20057 Language Has Embedded Within It Ways of Looking at the World Sapir-Whorf Reverses Common Sense Language and Perception: Sapir-Whorf
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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20058 Values—What is Desirable in Life Norms—Expectations or Rules for Behavior Sanctions—Reaction to Following or Breaking Norms Positive Sanctions Negative Sanctions Values, Norms, and Sanctions
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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20059 Folkways—Norms not Strictly Enforced Mores—Core Values: We Insist on Conformity Folkways and Mores
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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200510 Subculture—A World Within the Dominant Culture Countercultures—Groups With Norms and Values at Odds With the Dominant Culture Subcultures and Countercultures
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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200511 Values in U.S. Society Achievement and Success ProgressEquality Individualism Material Comfort Racism and Group Superiority Activity and Work HumanitarianismEducation Efficiency and Practicality FreedomReligiosity Science and Technology Democracy Romantic Love
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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200512 Achievement and Success Individualism Activity and Work Efficiency and Practicality Science and Technology Values in U.S. Society
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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200513 Progress Material Comfort Humanitarianism Freedom Democracy Values in U.S. Society
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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200514 Equality Racism and Group Superiority Education Religiosity Romantic Love Values in U.S. Society
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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200515 Value Contradictions and Social Change “It is precisely at the point of value contradictions, then, that one can see a major force for social change in a society.”
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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200516 Leisure Self-fulfillment Physical Fitness Youthfulness Concern for the Environment Emerging Values
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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200517 Culture Wars: When Values Clash Value as Blinders “Ideal” vs. “Real” Culture Values and Culture
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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200518 Some Activities are Universal—Courtship, Marriage, Funerals, Games, etc. Specific Customs Associated with Activities Differ Between Groups Cultural Universals
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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200519 Controversial View of Human Behavior Biology Cause of Human Behavior Charles Darwin and Natural Selection Sociologists and Social Biologists on Opposite Sides Sociobiology
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Chapter 2: Culture Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200520 The New Technology—New Tools Cultural Lag and Cultural Change Technology and Cultural Leveling Technology in the Global Village
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