1. The Spanish - American War
Chapter 10 section 2
"Remember the Maine!"

2. The Spanish - American War
Chapter 10 section 2
KEY TERMS:
Arbitration
Yellow Journalism
Jingoism
Rough Riders
Treaty of Paris
“unincorporated” territories
Teller Amendment
Platt Amendment
Foraker Act 1900
Jones Act 1917
Spheres of influence
Open Door Policy
Righteous and Harmonious
Fists
KEY PEOPLE:
General Valeriano Weyler
Journalist Jose Marti
Joseph Pulitzer
William Randolph Hearst
Spanish ambassador
Dupuy de Lome
Assistant Secretary of the
Navy Theodore Roosevelt
Emilio Aguinaldo
General Leonard Wood
Major Walter Reed
Queen Liliuokalani
Sanford B. Dole
Secretary of State John Hay

3. The Spanish - American War
Chapter 10 section 2
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
How did the activities of the United States in Latin America set the stage for war with Spain?
What were the events leading up to and following the Spanish-American War?
What challenges did the United States face after the war?
Why did the United States seek to gain influence in the Pacific?
THE BIG IDEA
A swift victory in the Spanish-American War confirmed the
status of the United States as a world power, but it left
some people arguing over how to govern newly acquired
territories.

4. As a Team, answer the following the questions and be prepare to share
your answers with the class:
When do you believe it is acceptable policy for the United States to go
to war?
- When American interests are in danger.
- When American citizens are in danger.
- When an American ally has been attacked.
- When the United States has been attacked.
- When the United States has support from other nations.
- When victory is probable.
- When essential resources are at stake.
- When principals of freedom and liberty are at stake.
- No reason is needed.
- No reason is good enough to declare war.
As an individual, rank the top three reasons to go to war.

5. The Newspaper War? – The Causes of the Spanish-American War
As a Team, answer the following the question and be prepare to share
your answer with the class:
The Newspaper War? – The Causes of the Spanish-American War
This article will provide the context for American interest in Cuba prior to our
military intervention in 1898.
Give several examples of the geographic, economic, and political
connections between the United States and Cuba prior to our military
intervention in 1898?
After reading The Newspaper War? – The Causes of the
Spanish-American War, create a graphic organizer highlighting
the Causes of the war.

6. Connections Between the U.S. and Cuba
Geography
Economic
Political

7. Connections Between the U.S. and Cuba
Geography
Economic
Political
Ostend Manifesto -
attempted to purchase
the Island from Spain
in 1854.
To smuggle slaves
into the U.S.
A port for slaves
A source of sugar
Important as a gate-
way to the Gulf of
Mexico.
50 million had been
invested in Cuba by 1895
Spanish descent caused
American policy makers
to fear other European
countries taking over
former Spanish colonies
U.S. imported 90% of the
sugar produced in Cuba.
100 million in economic
activity
To protect the
Western Hemisphere
Monroe Doctrine
Cuban rebels burned
sugar fields and destroyed
refining mills to convince
America to reduce the
Wilson-Gorman Tariff
1896 Pres. Cleveland
Urged neutrality
Congress recognized the
Cuba Libre movement and
wanted the Pres. to seek
Cuban independence.

8. Causes of the Spanish-American War.
After reading The Newspaper War? – The Causes of the
Spanish-American War - create a graphic organizer highlighting
the Causes of the war and the spark that ignited the war .
Causes of the Spanish-American War.

9. Causes of the Spanish-American War.
After reading The Newspaper War? – The Causes of the
Spanish-American War - create a graphic organizer highlighting
the Causes of the war and the spark that ignited the war .
Causes of the Spanish-American War.
The actions taken by Cuban
insurgents in 1895 prompted the
American public and gov’t to formulate
a response to Cuban independence
Foreign policy considerations
Connected to the Monroe Doctrine
Business interests
relating to sugar
Yellow Journalism
The legacy of the
American Revolution
de Lome criticizing
President McKinley
The Spark;
The sinking of the
USS Maine

10. Examining the Causes of the Spanish-American War
Document 1 – A Speech by Senator Henry Cabot Lodge
1. List three specific reasons Lodge provides to justify American
involvement in Cuba.
a. Citizens of Cuba are fighting a revolution against oppression, just like Americans did during the American Revolution.
b. Cubans believe in civil liberties such as freedom of religion, speech, and press, just like Americans do.
c. A free Cuba offers a great market for American businesses.
d. A free Cuba will protect American interests in the Caribbean. /
2. How does Lodge attempt to persuade people to adopt his argument?
Lodge makes analogies between the events in Cuba and the American Revolution
He describes the situation with vivid terms like oppression, sympathy, principles, and opportunity. /
3. What specific phrases or terms used in the speech do you feel were the most persuasive?

11. Examining the Causes of the Spanish-American War
Document 2 – Headlines from the New York World
1. List four specific reasons the headlines provide to justify American involvement in Cuba.
a. There is a Crisis in Cuba.
b. Americans are in danger
c. The crisis is a result of “Spanish Treachery”
d. The Maine was destroyed by “outsiders”
e. President McKinley suspects a “Spanish plot” /
2. How do the editors of the New York World attempt to persuade their readers to adopt their argument?
The newspaper attempts to directly connect the explosion on the Maine with actions taken by the Spanish.
They quote support from the British, provide a picture of the explosion, and supply direct quotations from sailors on the ship.
3. What specific phrases or terms used in the speech do you feel were the most persuasive?

12. Examining the Causes of the Spanish-American War
Document 3 – Letter from Spanish Deputy Enrique de Lome to a Friend in Cuba
1. List the one reason that the letter might influence people to want war with Spain.
The letter questions the leadership abilities of the U.S. president and paints a derogatory picture of the president.
2. What specific phrases or terms used in the speech do you feel were the most persuasive?

13. As a team, use the documents and share events that influenced the
American decision to go to war.
1. The rebellion of the Cubans against Spanish rule (document 1)
2. The treatment of the Cubans by Spanish in general and General
Weyler in particular (document 2)
3. The de Lome letter’s criticisms of President McKinley (document 3)
4. The sinking of the Maine (document 2)
5. The coverage of these events by the media (yellow journalism)
(document 2)

14. Based on the list we created about reasons that justify the use
to American military, which of the criteria do you believe were satisfied
March 1898?
Responses should include
When American interests are in danger
When American citizens are in danger
When an American ally has been attacked
When the U.S. has been attacked
When essential resources are at stake /
How were the events such as the Cuban-Spanish War and the sinking
of the Maine depicted in the press?
Flowery language (yellow press) used by the newspapers such as
“atrocities, tortured, horrors, and shock.”
Large headlines, graphic cartoons, and constant coverage of only one side of the issue /

15. How influential might the press coverage have been on American
decision makers?
Although the press coverage was biased and at times overwhelming, it
was the actual events that drew the U.S. closer to war and the press
coverage took advantage of the events that had occurred.
What do you believe led to the American declaration of war against
Spain?
Answers should reflect the multiple causality of the event, rather than a simplistic attribution of the cause of the war to one single event.
Geographic importance of Cuba
The economic ties between the U.S. and Cuba
Cuba’s revolution against oppression (colonial rule)
The de Lome Letter
Explosion of the USS Maine
The coverage of the events by the media

16. CARTOON SHOWS THE TWO PUBLISHERS ARE PARTLY
PULITZER
HEARST
CARTOON SHOWS THE TWO PUBLISHERS ARE PARTLY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR. WHAT ARE THE BLOCK SUPPOSED TO REPRESENT?
CARTOON SHOWS THE TWO PUBLISHERS ARE PARTLY
RESPONSIBLE FOR THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR.

17. Country Dispute Results
1891 Chilean mob attacked U.S. gov’t forced Chile to
U.S. sailors on shore leave. Pay $75,000 to the
They killed 2 Americans & sailors families.
injured 17 others.
A rebellion threatened the Pres. Cleveland ordered
friendly republican gov’t of naval units to Rio de
Brazil Janeiro to protect U.S.
shipping interests. This
broke the rebellion.
British Guiana & Venezuela U.S. demanded Britain
had a border dispute. Acknowledge the Monroe
Mineral wealth in border Doctrine submit to
area arbitration. Britain agrees.
Germany a concern -
needs friendly U.S.
Chile
Brazil
Venezuela

18. The Spanish - American War
How did the activities of the United States in Latin America set the stage for war with Spain?

19. The Spanish – American War
How did the Cuban Rebellion, Yellow Journalism, and jingoism influence Americans’ views of the Cuban Rebellion?
Influence on Americans’ view of the Cuban Revolution
Spain sent troops & Gen. Weyler. “Reconcentration”
policy instituted – 200,000 dead Cubans. The U.S.
would not intervene. Cuban guerrillas destroyed U.S.
sugar plantations-U.S. business owners increased
pressure on the government to act.
Demands for U.S. intervention from newspapers.
Their sensational headlines and stories whipped up
U.S. public opinion in favor of the rebels.
Sensational stories led to an intense burst of national
pride & desire for an aggressive foreign policy.
Cuban Rebellion
Yellow Journalism
Jingoism

20. Spanish American War
Role of media
U.S.S. Maine
War in Cuba
Teller amendment
Philippines
Differing opinions on imperialism

21. PROBLEMS BETWEEN CUBA AND THEIR SPANISH RULERS DOMINATE AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY AT THE END OF THE 19TH CENTURY
Florida
CUBA
ASK STUDENTS HOW FAR CUBA IS FROM THE USA? ARE THEY FAMILIAR WITH PROBLEMS THE US HAS HAD WITH CUBA IN MODERN TIMES?
CUBA, A COLONY OF SPAIN SINCE THE 1500'S, THE CUBAN PEOPLE REVOLTED WHICH LED TO YEARS OF WARFARE, U.S. BECAME INVOLVED

22. YELLOW JOURNALISM
IN 1898 NEWSPAPERS PROVIDED THE PUBLIC WITH INFORMATION. PEOPLE LACKED THE ABILITY TO VERIFY IF THE STORIES WERE BIASED OR INACCURATE AND THEREFORE RELIED UPON NEWSPAPERS TO TELL THE TRUTH. PULITZER AND HEARST TOOK ADVANTAGE OF THE PUBLIC’S IGNORANCE BY TWISTING THE TRUTH TO SELL MORE NEWSPAPERS. SENSATIONALIZED STORIES WERE FEATURED HEAVILY IN THEIR NEWSPAPERS SINCE EXCITING HEADLINES INCREASED CIRCULATION.
PULITZER AND HEARST , TWO NEWSPAPER CHAIR OWNERS WHO COMPETED AGAINST EACH OTHER BY PRINTING STORIES DESIGNED TO GET PEOPLE EXCITED AND WANT TO GO TO WAR WITH SPAIN
CARTOON WHERE THE TERM “YELLOW JOURNALISM” CAME FROM

23. NEWSPAPERS FOCUSED ON SPANISH ATROCITIES TOWARDS THE CUBAN PEOPLE TO IGNITE PASSIONS AGAINST SPAIN
SPANISH GENERAL WEYLER WAS SEEN AS A “BUTCHER” IN THE US FOR HIS TREATMENT OF THE CUBAN PEOPLE

24. The U. S. public was especially sympathetic towards women in Cuba
The U.S. public was especially sympathetic towards women in Cuba. Hearst focused on a young woman, known in the United States as Evangelina Cisneros, who was imprisoned in Havana. Petitions for her freedom were signed by prominent U.S. women and the pope, and addressed to the Queen regent of Spain. Evangelina managed to escape with the help of correspondent Karl Decker, who probably bribed her guards. The story presented to the public was that of a heroic "journalist that acts."
SOURCE:NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY
CUBAN PROPAGANDA IN THE US DESIGNED TO GET THE AMERICAN PEOPLE ON THE SIDE OF THE CUBAN INSURGENTS.

25. USS MAINE IN HAVANA, CUBA HARBOR
ALL THAT WAS NEEDED TO START A WAR WAS A SPARK AND THIS CAME ON FEBRUARY 15TH, 1898, IN HAVANA HARBOR.
MAINE, U.S. BATTLESHIP THAT WAS BLOWN UP IN HAVANA HARBOR IN 1898, NEWSPAPERS BLAMED SPAIN, LED TO WAR WITH SPAIN.
USS MAINE IN HAVANA, CUBA HARBOR

27. The Story of The U.S.S. Maine
(3:55)

29. Yellow journalists were quick to blame the Spanish
YELLOW JOURNALISTS WERE QUICK TO PUT THE BLAME ON SPAIN BUT LATER RESEARCH SHOWED IT WAS PROBABLY AN ACCIDENT.
YELLOW JOURNALISTS WERE QUICK TO PUT THE BLAME ON SPAIN BUT LATER RESEARCH SHOWED IT WAS PROBABLY AN ACCIDENT.

30. What is the message of this cartoon?
Spain is represented as an animal who has murdered the soldiers in the background. He is stepping on the U.S. flag while standing on a grave of a U.S.S. Maine sailor. His blood soaked hand on the tombstone suggests Spain was responsible for the deaths of American sailors.
Spain is represented as an animal who has murdered the soldiers in the background. He is stepping on the U.S. flag while standing on a grave of a U.S.S. Maine sailor. His blood soaked hand on the tumbstone suggests Spain was responsible for the deaths of American sailors.

31. 1898 MOVIE ON THE WRECK OF THE MAINE: APRIL 21, 1898

32. Teller Amendment, 1898
Joint resolution for the recognition of the independence of the people of Cuba, demanding that the Government of Spain relinquish its authority and government in the Island of Cuba, and to withdraw its land and naval forces from Cuba and Cuban waters, and directing the President of the United States to use the land and naval forces of the United States to carry these resolutions into effect.
Whereas the abhorrent conditions which have existed for more than three years in the Island of Cuba, so near our own borders, have shocked the moral sense of the people of the United States, have been a disgrace to Christian civilization, culminating, as they have, in the destruction of a United States battle ship, with two hundred and sixty-six of its officers and crew, while on a friendly visit in the harbor of Havana, and can not longer be endured, as has been set forth by the President of the United States in his message to Congress of April eleventh, eighteen hundred and ninety-eight, upon which the action of Congress was invited:
Therefore,
Resolved, First. That the people of the Island of Cuba are, of right ought to be, free and independent.

33. THIS AMENDMENT DECLARED THE INDEPENDENCE OF CUBA AFTER THE WAR.
Second. That it is the duty of the United States to demand, and the Government of the United States does hereby demand, that the Government of Spain at once relinquish its authority and government in the Island of Cuba and withdraw its land and naval forces from Cuba and Cuban waters.
Third. That the President of the United States be, and he hereby is, directed and empowered to use the entire land and naval forces of the United States, and to call into the actual service of the United States the militia of the several States, to such extent as may be necessary to carry these resolutions into effect.
Fourth. That the United States hereby disclaims any disposition or intention to exercise sovereignty, jurisdiction, or control over said Island except for the pacification thereof, and asserts its determination, when that is accomplished, to leave the government and control of the Island to its people.
THIS AMENDMENT DECLARED THE INDEPENDENCE OF CUBA AFTER THE WAR.

34. The Spanish American War
Create a graphic organizer on the causes of the Spanish American War. Make sure to use a title for the graphic organizer.

35. Spanish – American War Time Line
Jan.1898
Feb. 1898
Feb.15, 1898
Feb.25, 1898
March 1898
Apr. 11, 1898
Apr. 20, 1898
Riots erupted in Havana, Cuba. Pres. McKinley sent
U.S.S. Maine to protect U.S. citizens & property.
Spanish ambassador Dupuy de Lome letter ridiculed
McKinley. Intensified anti-Spanish sentiments.
An explosion sank the Maine-killed 250 U.S. sailors.
Americans blamed Spain.
T. Roosevelt cabled naval commanders in the Pacific to
attack the Spanish fleet in the Philippines if war with Spain.
McKinley sent a list of demands to Spain. Spain accepted
all but the last demand – Cuban independence.
McKinley sent a war message to Congress.
“Remember the Maine!”
Although Cuba was not a U.S. territory, Congress issued a
Resolution declaring Cuba independent & demanding
Spain leave the island within three days. Teller Amendment

36. Admiral Dewey launched a surprise attack on Spanish ships
in Manila Bay. U.S. warships bottled up Spain in Santiago.
May 1, 1898
Jun.22, 1898
July 1, 1898
July 3, 1898
Aug. 12, 1898
Aug. 13, 1898
Dec. 1898
Feb. 1899
Landing on this day, the U.S. troops captured the hills
around the main Spanish forces at Santiago.
Roosevelt led the Rough Riders in a charge up San Juan
Hill, a famous incident of the war.
Spanish fleet made a desperate attempt to escape Santiago.
The U.S. Navy sank every Spanish ship.
After U.S. troops invaded Spanish held Puerto Rico,
Spain signed a cease-fire agreement.
U.S. troops & Filipino rebels led by Emilio Aguinaldo
Took control of the Philippine capital, Manila.
U.S. & Spain sign the Treaty of Paris. Spain recognized
Cuba’s independence. $20million U.S. gains Philippines,
Puerto Rico, and Guam.
The U.S. Senate ratified the Treaty, but not without great
Debate.

37. Troops mobilizing for war
US TROOP EMBARKING TO CUBA FROM FLORIDA.

38. MAP OF THE FIGHTING IN THE CUBAN CAMPAIGN FROM THE WEST POINT ATLAS OF AMERICAN WAR.

39. Soldiers breaking down camp
Members of the 17th U.S. Infantry  break camp on the morning of June 30, 1898, in preparation for their move on El Caney, Cuba. Rising over the hill in the background is the Signal Corps observation balloon. 
Members of the 17th U.S. Infantry  break camp on the morning of June 30, 1898, in preparation for their move on El Caney, Cuba. Rising over the hill in the background is the Signal Corps observation balloon. 

40. US GATLING GUNS: AN EARLY TYPE OF MACHINE GUN

41. THEODORE ROOSEVELT AND THE “ROUGH RIDERS” IN CUBA
ROUGH RIDERS AFTER THE CAPTURE OF SAN JUAN HILL.

42. BATTLE SCENE WITH TEDDY ROOSEVELT ON THE HORSE

44. SOME OF THE FIRST MOVIES MADE WERE OF THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR.

45. ARMY NURSES DURING THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR

46. WHAT DOES THIS CARTOON SUGGEST IS THE SITUATION FOR THE CUBANS?
IF SHE (CUBA) JUMPS FROM THE FRYING PAN SHE WILL LEAP INTO THE FIRE. THIS IS THE JUSTIFICATION THAT WAS USED TO TAKE OVER THE RULE OF CUBA AFTER THE SPANISH WERE DEFEATED.
IF SHE (CUBA) JUMPS FROM THE FRYING PAN SHE WILL LEAP INTO THE FIRE. THIS IS THE JUSTIFICATION THAT WAS USED TO TAKE OVER THE RULE OF CUBA AFTER THE SPANISH WERE DEFEATED.

47. US FORCES CONQUER THE PHILIPPINES
PHILIPPINES, SPANISH ISLANDS THAT WERE TAKEN OVER BY AMERICA AFTER THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR.

48. US MILITARY OPERATIONS IN THE PHILIPPINES
WEST POINT ATLAS MAPS OF US OPERATIONS IN THE THE PHILIPPINES DURING THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR.

49. US DESTROYS THE SPANISH FLEET AT MANILA BAY

50. ADMIRAL DEWEY, HERO OF THE NAVAL BATTLE OF MANILA BAY

51. The Spanish-American War (10:15) American & Spanish Expansionism
Jose Marti & the Cuban Revolution against Spanish Rule
The Spanish-American War Begins
The War in the Philippines & the Caribbean
The War Ends: The Treaty of Paris

53. U.S.S. Olympia, Penn’s Landing, Philadelphia
"The oldest steel-hulled American warship afloat, the U.S.S. Olympia served as Commodore George Dewey's flagship during the Battle of Manila Bay on May 1, 1898.
"New Navy" of the 1880s and 1890s designed to correct the deficiencies of a weakened and neglected naval force. This program was directly responsible for the rise of the steel shipbuilding industry of the United States. Olympia is the last remaining ship built during that program and the sole surviving naval combatant of the Spanish-American War."

54. AMERICAN EXPANSION
Identify and explain how and why the U.S. gained or had influence in
certain territories following The Spanish-American War.
Areas gained or Explain how and why the U.S. gained or had
had influence in influence in certain territories.
Teller Amendment. To protect U.S. business interests
Pres. McKinley installed a military gov’t. (3 years).
U.S. military gov’t authorized Cuba to draft a constitution.
U.S. gov’t only agreed to remove its troops if the Cubans
included provisions outlined in the Platt Amendment.
The U.S. gained control of Guam as a result of the Peace
Treaty that ended the Spanish-American War. To be
used as a refueling station and military base to protect
U.S. interest in the Pacific.
Cuba
Guam

55. US OCCUPIES TWO MORE SPANISH COLONIAL POSSESSIONS
GUAM AND PUERTO RICO, ISLANDS TAKEN OVER BY THE U.S. AFTER THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR
GUAM AND PUERTO RICO ISLANDS taken over
by The U.S. after the Spanish-American War

56. AMERICAN EXPANSION
Identify and explain how and why the U.S. gained or had influence in
certain territories following The Spanish-American War.
Unlike Cuba, Puerto Rico did not become independent.
The U.S. maintained a military gov’t until 1900.
The Foraker Act 1900 established a civil gov’t, still
under U.S. control. /
To stem a growing independence
movement, the U.S. gov’t granted Puerto Ricans
American citizenship – Jones Act 1917.
Puerto Ricans could elect their local legislatures, the U.S retained the power to appoint key officials.
Pres. McKinley – “They were unfit for self-gov’t, we must educate, uplift and civilize and Christianize them.” Warned that if the U.S. did not act first, European powers might. Emilio Aguinaldo declared the Philippines a republic, the U.S. ignored him. A bitter three year war followed. Gained independence in 1946.
Areas gained or Explain how and why the U.S. gained or had
had influence in influence in certain territories.
Puerto Rico
The Philippines

57. WHO DO THE FIGURES REPRESENT?
WHAT IS LADY LIBERTY SHOWING BY PARTING THE CURTAINS ON EVENTS IN THE U.S.?
EXPLAIN WHY THIS IS AN ANTI-IMPERIALIST CARTOON.
ASK THE STUDENTS WHO THE FIGURES REPRESENT? (US AND LADY LIBERTY). WHAT IS LADY LIBERTY SHOWING BY PARTING THE CURTAINS ON EVENTS IN THE US? EXPLAIN WHY THIS IS AN ANTI-IMPERIALIST CARTOON.

58. United States wants to expand in
Latin America and Pacific.
In Cuba and Philippines, people rebel
against Spanish rule.
Demands for involvement from American
expansionists and newspapers.
Explosion sinks American battleship
U.S.S. Maine in Cuban harbor. Cause of
the explosion is unknown, but angry
Americans blame Spain.
U.S. defeats Spain
in three months.
Spain recognizes
Cuba’s independ.
U.S. controls Cuban
politics & economy.
Puerto Rico,
Philippines, Guam
become U.S.
territories.
U.S. is recognized
as a world power.
The Spanish-
American War

59. Other Gains in The Pacific
Complete the chart below to highlight how U.S. intervention brought about
changes in its relationships with Hawaii, Samoa, and China.
Country Early Increased U.S Changed
Relationship Intervention Relationship
Important to U.S Leased Pearl Harbor Congress
business interests to the U.S. Hawaiian approved
Hawaiian sugar King forced to give annexation.
duty-free control to white
Hawaiian born planters.
Queen Liliuokalani opposed
U.S. control of the islands.
U.S. Marines help Sanford
B. Dole remove the Queen.
He declared a republic &
asked the U.S. to annex.
Hawaii

60. What role does the U.S. play?
WHAT IS GOING ON IN THIS CARTOON? IS THIS A PRO, ANTI OR NEUTRAL STATEMENT ON US IMPERIALISM?

61. Queen Liliuokalani, LAST QUEEN OF HAWAII
QUEEN LILIUOKALANI WAS FORCED TO ABDICATE HER THRONE IN 1894 UNDER PROTEST.
Queen Liliuokalani,
LAST QUEEN OF HAWAII

62. SANFORD DOLE BECAME PRESIDENT OF THE HAWAIIAN PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT THAT REPLACED THE MONARCHY.
Became president of the republic of Hawaii after the queen was overthrown. Hawaii was annexed as part of the u.s. in 1898

63. Annexation of Hawaii 1898
(2:06)

65. THE US BECOMES AN IMPERIAL POWER
HAWAII: 1898
MIDWAY ISLAND: 1867
WAKE ISLAND: 1898
GUAM: 1898
JOHNSTON ISLAND: 1898
PALMYRA ISLAND: 1898
SAMOA ISLAND: 1899
PHILIPPINES: 1898
PUERTO RICO: 1898
“WELL I HARDLY KNOW WHICH TO TAKE FIRST”. Uncle Sam is being served by President McKinley.
What is happening in this cartoon?
“WELL I HARDLY KNOW WHICH TO TAKE FIRST” Uncle Sam is being served by President McKinley.

66. Other Gains in The Pacific
Country Early Increased U.S Changed
Relationship Intervention Relationship
1878 Trade Tension between Britain w/draws,
relationship Protection European powers Germany & the
for harbor lease at & U.S. almost led to U.S. divide islands
Pago Pago war. A 3-way U.S. acquired the
protectorate of Harbor at Pago
Samoa. Pago.
Trade relationship Open Door Policy Following the
European Powers Boxer Rebellion
keep an “open door” the U.S. reaffirmed
to China the principle of
open trade in
China.
Samoa
China

67. China
Open Door Policy
(3:28)

69. SOURCE:http://regentsprep. org/Regents/global/themes/imperialism/china
THESE AREAS OR SPHERES IN CHINA WERE UNDER THE CONTROL OF FOREIGN NATIONS. THIS REFLECTS CHINA’S WEAKNESS AND LACK OF INDUSTRIALIZATION. COMPARE JAPAN WITH CHINA AT THIS TIME. WHY WAS JAPAN NOT BEING CUT UP INTO SPHERES OF INFLUENCE. INDEED, JAPAN WAS ONE OF THE FOREIGN POWERS INTRUDING ON CHINAS SOVEREIGINTY.

70. THE CHINESE PEOPLE REACT TO IMPERIALISM
BOXER REBELLION, 1900
THE CHINESE PEOPLE REACT TO IMPERIALISM
REVOLT OF CHINESE AGAINST FOREIGNERS IN CHINA IN 1900
BOXER REBELLION, REVOLT OF CHINESE AGAINST FOREIGNERS IN CHINA IN 1900, U.S. AND OTHER NATIONS SENT TROOPS TO PUT THE REVOLT DOWN. Called “boxers” because most were martial artists and Westerners did not know what to call them.
Boxer rebel
Called “boxers” because most were martial artists and Westerners did not know what to call them.
BOXER SOLDIER

71. Boxer troops entered the foreign held Peking (Beijing)
The Boxers did not want foreigners to control China.
The Boxers did not want foreigners to control China.

72. An international force retaliated and seized control of Peking
Several western countries sent troops to China, such as the U.S., Japan, Russia, Germany, Austria, France, and Great Britain.
Several western countries sent troops to China, such as the U.S.,
Japan, Russia, Germany, Austria, France, and Great Britain.

73. Who do all of the figures represent?
The figures represent China, U.S. Britain, Russia, Italy, Germany, and France.
CHINA WAS FORCED TO PAY REPARATIONS TO THE FOREIGN INVADERS OF CHINA FOR DAMAGES THE BOXERS DID TO FOREIGNERS PROPERTY IN THE SPHERES OF INFLUENCE.
The figures represent U.S. Britain, Russia, Italy, Germany, and France.
REPARATIONS, MONEY FOR WAR DAMAGES, WHAT WINNING NATIONS MAKE LOSING NATIONS PAY FOR DAMAGES DURING THE WAR. CHINA WAS FORCED TO PAY REPARATIONS TO THE FOREIGN INVADERS OF CHINA FOR DAMAGES THE BOXERS DID TO FOREIGNERS PROPERTY IN THE SPHERES OF INFLUENCE.

74. Anti-imperialist cartoon “TAKING OUR PLACE AMONG THE NATIONS”
WHO IS AT THE FAR LEFT? WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF THIS CARTOON? (CRITICIZE THE US FOR JOINING THE OTHER IMPERIALIST NATIONS TAKING UNFAIR ADVANTAGE OF A WEAK CHINA). WHAT GROUP WOULD SUPPORT THIS CARTOON? (ANTI IMPERIALIST LEAGUE)
WHO IS AT THE FAR LEFT?
WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF THIS CARTOON?
WHAT GROUP WOULD SUPPORT THIS CARTOON?
China
Criticize the US for joining the other imperialist nations taking unfair advantage of a weak China.
Anti-Imperialist League

75. OPEN DOOR POLICY
OPEN DOOR POLICY, ALL NATIONS WOULD HAVE EQUAL TRADING RIGHTS IN CHINA, SECRETARY OF STATE JOHN HAY PROPOSED THIS IN
ASK STUDENTS TO EXPLAIN WHAT IS GOING ON IN THIS POLITICAL CARTOON.

76. The bear is Russia, the eagle is the U. S
The bear is Russia, the eagle is the U.S., the lion is England, and the other animals represent Italy, Japan, and France.

77. Leading countries of Europe and Japan.
WHO ARE THE LAND GRABBERS? WHY DO YOU THINK UNCLE SAM IS TRYING TO STOP THEM?
Leading countries of Europe
and Japan.
All nations should have equal
Trading rights in China –
Open Door Policy
OPEN DOOR POLICY, ALL NATIONS WOULD HAVE EQUAL TRADING RIGHTS IN CHINA, SECRETARY OF STATE JOHN HAY PROPOSED THIS IN

78. EARLY MOVIES