2. The Second Law of Thermodynamics Steven Bearden Ariel Lewis Rebecca White

3. Statements of the Second Law

4. No process is possible which consists solely in the transfer of heat from one temperature level to a higher one. Work is required HotCold Heat X

5. No apparatus can operate in such a way that its only effect in the system and surroundings is to completely convert heat absorbed by a system into work done by the system. You can’t have 100% conversion of heat into work within a closed system.

6. Entropy Entropy is the driving force to equilibrium. Intrinsic property that represents the unavailability of a system’s thermal energy for conversion into mechanical work.

7. Carnot Engine Completely reversible – No friction – Infinitesimal Temperature difference – No unrestrained expansion – No change in surroundings

8. Heat Engine Realistic example Heat reservoirs Rejected heat Irreversibility

9. Overview Flaws in first law Importance of second law